ABFM HYPERTENSION QUESTIONS | TESTED AND
PROVEN ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
100% (GRADE A+)
A 39-year-old male sees you for evaluation of high blood pressure. His past medical history is
unremarkable. On examination he has a BMI of 32 kg/m2 and you note that he has a round face
and a plethoric complexion. His blood pressure is 150/98 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 88 beats/min,
and his respiratory rate is 16/min. Other notable findings include a prominent dorsal cervical fat
pad and supraclavicular fat pads, as well as violaceous striae on his trunk. Laboratory findings
are notable only for a fasting glucose level of 114 mg/dL.Which one of the following is the most
likely cause of his hypertension?
Addison's disease
Cushing syndrome
Hemochromatosis
Pheochromocytoma
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Ans>> B
This patient's clinical findings are consistent with Cushing syndrome, or hyperadrenocorticism. This
is a clinical syndrome and metabolic disorder resulting from chronic excess of glucocorticoids. The
most common cause is corticosteroid use, but adrenal neoplasms account for 20%-25% of cases.
1
,Findings include general weakness, osteoporosis, moon facies, facial plethora, ecchymoses, truncal
obesity, violaceous striae of the abdomen, deposition of adipose tissue in the interscapular area
("buffalo hump"), and glucose intolerance.
You diagnose stage 2 hypertension in a 54-year-old male. His past medical history is otherwise
unremarkable and a physical examination is notable for mild AV nicking on funduscopic
examination. A baseline EKG reveals evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy.Which one of the
following classes of antihypertensive agents has NOT been shown to produce a regression of left
ventricular hypertrophy?
ACE inhibitors
β-Blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Direct vasodilators
Thiazide diuretics
Ans>> D
In patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, studies have shown a reduction in left ventricular mass
in those treated with ACE inhibitors, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and β-blockers, with the
most consistent reduction achieved with ACE inhibitors and the least with β-blockers. Regression of
2
,left ventricular hypertrophy has not been demonstrated with direct vasodilators such as
hydralazine and minoxidil.
According to currently accepted criteria, hypertension in children is defined as repeated blood
pressure measurements at or above a threshold of which one of the following percentiles for age,
sex, and height?
80th
85th
90th
95th
99th
Ans>> D
In children and adolescents, hypertension is defined as blood pressure at or above the 95th
percentile for age, sex, and height, on repeated measurements.
Which one of the following conditions is associated with isolated systolic hypertension?
Aortic stenosis
3
, Hypothyroidism
Paget's disease
Renovascular hypertension
Severe osteoporosis
Ans>> C
Isolated elevation of systolic blood pressure can be secondary to conditions associated with
elevated cardiac output, such as anemia, Paget's disease, hyperthyroidism, arteriovenous fistula,
and aortic insufficiency.
A 59-year-old African-American male with a history of hypercholesterolemia and gout sees you
for a health maintenance visit. A physical examination is notable only for a blood pressure of
144/85 mm Hg.Laboratory FindingsLDL-cholesterol............82 mg/dLHDL-cholesterol............47
mg/dLSerum triglycerides............134 mg/dLLiver panel............normalSerum creatinine............1.7
mg/dL (N 0.7-1.3)Estimated glomerular filtration rate............56 mL/min/1.73 m2Which one of the
following does the JNC 8 panel recommend as initial management of this patient's blood pressure
elevation?
Lifestyle measures only
4
PROVEN ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
100% (GRADE A+)
A 39-year-old male sees you for evaluation of high blood pressure. His past medical history is
unremarkable. On examination he has a BMI of 32 kg/m2 and you note that he has a round face
and a plethoric complexion. His blood pressure is 150/98 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 88 beats/min,
and his respiratory rate is 16/min. Other notable findings include a prominent dorsal cervical fat
pad and supraclavicular fat pads, as well as violaceous striae on his trunk. Laboratory findings
are notable only for a fasting glucose level of 114 mg/dL.Which one of the following is the most
likely cause of his hypertension?
Addison's disease
Cushing syndrome
Hemochromatosis
Pheochromocytoma
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Ans>> B
This patient's clinical findings are consistent with Cushing syndrome, or hyperadrenocorticism. This
is a clinical syndrome and metabolic disorder resulting from chronic excess of glucocorticoids. The
most common cause is corticosteroid use, but adrenal neoplasms account for 20%-25% of cases.
1
,Findings include general weakness, osteoporosis, moon facies, facial plethora, ecchymoses, truncal
obesity, violaceous striae of the abdomen, deposition of adipose tissue in the interscapular area
("buffalo hump"), and glucose intolerance.
You diagnose stage 2 hypertension in a 54-year-old male. His past medical history is otherwise
unremarkable and a physical examination is notable for mild AV nicking on funduscopic
examination. A baseline EKG reveals evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy.Which one of the
following classes of antihypertensive agents has NOT been shown to produce a regression of left
ventricular hypertrophy?
ACE inhibitors
β-Blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Direct vasodilators
Thiazide diuretics
Ans>> D
In patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, studies have shown a reduction in left ventricular mass
in those treated with ACE inhibitors, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and β-blockers, with the
most consistent reduction achieved with ACE inhibitors and the least with β-blockers. Regression of
2
,left ventricular hypertrophy has not been demonstrated with direct vasodilators such as
hydralazine and minoxidil.
According to currently accepted criteria, hypertension in children is defined as repeated blood
pressure measurements at or above a threshold of which one of the following percentiles for age,
sex, and height?
80th
85th
90th
95th
99th
Ans>> D
In children and adolescents, hypertension is defined as blood pressure at or above the 95th
percentile for age, sex, and height, on repeated measurements.
Which one of the following conditions is associated with isolated systolic hypertension?
Aortic stenosis
3
, Hypothyroidism
Paget's disease
Renovascular hypertension
Severe osteoporosis
Ans>> C
Isolated elevation of systolic blood pressure can be secondary to conditions associated with
elevated cardiac output, such as anemia, Paget's disease, hyperthyroidism, arteriovenous fistula,
and aortic insufficiency.
A 59-year-old African-American male with a history of hypercholesterolemia and gout sees you
for a health maintenance visit. A physical examination is notable only for a blood pressure of
144/85 mm Hg.Laboratory FindingsLDL-cholesterol............82 mg/dLHDL-cholesterol............47
mg/dLSerum triglycerides............134 mg/dLLiver panel............normalSerum creatinine............1.7
mg/dL (N 0.7-1.3)Estimated glomerular filtration rate............56 mL/min/1.73 m2Which one of the
following does the JNC 8 panel recommend as initial management of this patient's blood pressure
elevation?
Lifestyle measures only
4
