PCB 3063 EXAM 1 |131 TERMS WITH
100% VERIFIED EXPLANATION
genome - CORRECT ANSWER - complete set of genetic instructions for any organism;
encoded in nucleic acid
transmission genetics - CORRECT ANSWER - encompasses the basic principles of
heredity and how traits are passed from one generation to the next
molecular genetics - CORRECT ANSWER - concerns the chemical nature of the gene
itself: how genetic information is encoded, replicated and expressed
population genetics - CORRECT ANSWER - explores the genetic composition of
groups and individuals of the same species (population) and how that composition
changes over time and space
model genetic organism - CORRECT ANSWER - organisms with characteristics that
make them particularly useful for genetic analysis and about which a tremendous
amount of genetic information has accumulated
pangenesis - CORRECT ANSWER - ancient greeks developed; concept suggested that
specific pieces of information traveled from various parts of the body to the reproductive
organs from which they are passed to the embryo; was proven incorrect
inheritance of acquired characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - ancient greeks lead to
this; which traits acquired in a person;s lifetime e become incorporated into that
person's hereditary information and are passed on to offspring; ex. musical ability ; was
proven incorrect
preformationism - CORRECT ANSWER - miniature organism reside in sex cells; thus all
traits are inherited from one parent; which was proven to be incorrect
blending inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER - proposed that the traits of offspring are a
blender, or mixture of parental traits; proved to be incorrect
cell theory - CORRECT ANSWER - schledian and schwann proposed; all life is
composed of cells, cells only arise from preexisting cells and the cell is the fundamental
unit of structure ad function in living organisms. ; was proven correct
germ plasm theory - CORRECT ANSWER - weismann; holds that the cells in the
reproductive organs carry a complete set of genetic information that is passed to the
egg and sperm ; was proven correct
, menedelian inhertiance - CORRECT ANSWER - traits are inherited according to
specific pinrciples proposed by mendel- was proven correct
two types of basic cells - CORRECT ANSWER - eukaryotic and prokaryotic
gene - CORRECT ANSWER - fundamental unit of heredity; an inherited factor that
helps determine a trait; often defined at the molecular levels as a DNA sequence that is
transcribed into an RNA molecule
alleles - CORRECT ANSWER - genes that come in forms of
genes confer - CORRECT ANSWER - phenotypes
genetic information is carried in - CORRECT ANSWER - dna and rna
mutations - CORRECT ANSWER - changes in genetic information that can be passed
from cell to cell or from parent to offspring
genetic information is transferred from - CORRECT ANSWER - dna to rna in protein
repliecated chromosomes separate through - CORRECT ANSWER - the process of
mitosis and meiosis
genes are located on - CORRECT ANSWER - chromosomes
prokaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - unicellular with a relatively simple cell structure- no
nucleus
eukaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - has a compartmentalized cell structure with
components bounded by intracellular membranes; can be unicellular or multicellular
eubacteria - CORRECT ANSWER - true bacteria; type of prokaryotic
archaea - CORRECT ANSWER - ancient bacteria ; type of prokaryotic
nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER - covered by nuclear enveloped; contains genetic
material
chromatin - CORRECT ANSWER - the complex of dana and histone proteins is called
_____ also stuff of eukaryotic chromosomes
histones - CORRECT ANSWER - in eukaryotes, dna is closely associated with a special
class of protein to form a packed chromosome
mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER - process by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell
divides
100% VERIFIED EXPLANATION
genome - CORRECT ANSWER - complete set of genetic instructions for any organism;
encoded in nucleic acid
transmission genetics - CORRECT ANSWER - encompasses the basic principles of
heredity and how traits are passed from one generation to the next
molecular genetics - CORRECT ANSWER - concerns the chemical nature of the gene
itself: how genetic information is encoded, replicated and expressed
population genetics - CORRECT ANSWER - explores the genetic composition of
groups and individuals of the same species (population) and how that composition
changes over time and space
model genetic organism - CORRECT ANSWER - organisms with characteristics that
make them particularly useful for genetic analysis and about which a tremendous
amount of genetic information has accumulated
pangenesis - CORRECT ANSWER - ancient greeks developed; concept suggested that
specific pieces of information traveled from various parts of the body to the reproductive
organs from which they are passed to the embryo; was proven incorrect
inheritance of acquired characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - ancient greeks lead to
this; which traits acquired in a person;s lifetime e become incorporated into that
person's hereditary information and are passed on to offspring; ex. musical ability ; was
proven incorrect
preformationism - CORRECT ANSWER - miniature organism reside in sex cells; thus all
traits are inherited from one parent; which was proven to be incorrect
blending inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER - proposed that the traits of offspring are a
blender, or mixture of parental traits; proved to be incorrect
cell theory - CORRECT ANSWER - schledian and schwann proposed; all life is
composed of cells, cells only arise from preexisting cells and the cell is the fundamental
unit of structure ad function in living organisms. ; was proven correct
germ plasm theory - CORRECT ANSWER - weismann; holds that the cells in the
reproductive organs carry a complete set of genetic information that is passed to the
egg and sperm ; was proven correct
, menedelian inhertiance - CORRECT ANSWER - traits are inherited according to
specific pinrciples proposed by mendel- was proven correct
two types of basic cells - CORRECT ANSWER - eukaryotic and prokaryotic
gene - CORRECT ANSWER - fundamental unit of heredity; an inherited factor that
helps determine a trait; often defined at the molecular levels as a DNA sequence that is
transcribed into an RNA molecule
alleles - CORRECT ANSWER - genes that come in forms of
genes confer - CORRECT ANSWER - phenotypes
genetic information is carried in - CORRECT ANSWER - dna and rna
mutations - CORRECT ANSWER - changes in genetic information that can be passed
from cell to cell or from parent to offspring
genetic information is transferred from - CORRECT ANSWER - dna to rna in protein
repliecated chromosomes separate through - CORRECT ANSWER - the process of
mitosis and meiosis
genes are located on - CORRECT ANSWER - chromosomes
prokaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - unicellular with a relatively simple cell structure- no
nucleus
eukaryote - CORRECT ANSWER - has a compartmentalized cell structure with
components bounded by intracellular membranes; can be unicellular or multicellular
eubacteria - CORRECT ANSWER - true bacteria; type of prokaryotic
archaea - CORRECT ANSWER - ancient bacteria ; type of prokaryotic
nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER - covered by nuclear enveloped; contains genetic
material
chromatin - CORRECT ANSWER - the complex of dana and histone proteins is called
_____ also stuff of eukaryotic chromosomes
histones - CORRECT ANSWER - in eukaryotes, dna is closely associated with a special
class of protein to form a packed chromosome
mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER - process by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell
divides
