Irrigation exam with correct answers
define irrigation - Correct Answers -the application of water to an area in order to
supplement or replace natural precipitation
3 types of irrigation systems - Correct Answers -sprinkler, drip, and surface
surface irrigation - Correct Answers -flooded troughs and furrows to deliver water. not
used often in ornamental horticulture and not very efficient
sprinkler irrigation - Correct Answers -closed pipes and heads to deliver water. loss due
to evaporation during application. efficiency altered by current environmental conditions
drip irrigation - Correct Answers -closed pipes and single emitters to deliver water.
deliver water directly to root systems and do not broadcast over a large area.
PE - Correct Answers -polyethylene
PVC - Correct Answers -polyvinyl chloride
nominal size - Correct Answers -is used to compare different types of pipe and is not
the exact measurement of the pipe's diameter. This is normally given in inches and
fractions
OD - Correct Answers -(outside diameter) this is a specific measurement of the pipe.
OD will normally be given in inches and decimals to three places
ID - Correct Answers -(inside diameter) this is, also, an exact measurement. ID will
normally be given as inches to decimal of three places
IPS - Correct Answers -(Iron Pipe Size) this is used for any pipe manufactured to the
OD of wrought iron pipes. All piping was originally constructed from iron, now the term is
used to identify any material made to the same sizes
Wall - Correct Answers -(thickness) is a statement to the actual thickness of the pipe
itself. Pipes of the same nominal size may have different wall measurements. This
measure is usually listed as a decimal to three places.
, Schedule - Correct Answers -refers to a pipe of a standard thickness. The higher the
schedule the thicker the pipe walls and greater pressure the pipe can withstand
Working Pressure - Correct Answers -is the maximum internal pressure the pipe can
withstand without damage. The pressure used in the irrigation should be below the
working pressure of the pipe to allow for pressure surges in the system.
4 Types of Heads - Correct Answers -spray, flood, rotary, and micro
Spray Head - Correct Answers -any head which distributes water in a consistent pattern
over the top of the plant material. can be used for multiple applications: lawns, beds,
mixed areas, etc
Flood Head - Correct Answers -apply water below the foliage of the plant. most used for
planting beds
Rotary Head - Correct Answers -apply water over the top of the plant material with a
slowly rotating continuous stream. used for large areas
Micro Head - Correct Answers -extremely low flow rates and operate at lower water
pressure than the others. include bubblers, emitters, and micro spray heads. used
specifically for small areas
7 types of Valves - Correct Answers -Gate, Ball/Globe, Angle, Diaphragm, Drain,
Couplers or quick connect valves, and check
Gate Valves - Correct Answers -sheer flap that is turned 180 degrees to block water
flow. used in straight sections of pipe. generally controlled manually/used as emergency
shut off
Ball/Globe Valves - Correct Answers -closing apparatus is a spherical stopper, easier to
turn under higher water pressures as compared to the gate valve
Angle Valves - Correct Answers -placed in locations where pipes change direction (left,
right, up or down)
Diaphragm Valves - Correct Answers -work by utilizing the water pressure to fill the
diaphragm and block the water flow. When the pressure behind the diaphragm is
released water flow will continue. easiest valve to control electronically
Drain Valves - Correct Answers -installed at points in the system so water can be
removed for winterization of maintenance. physical plug that needs to be removed to
drain the system. manual removal
define irrigation - Correct Answers -the application of water to an area in order to
supplement or replace natural precipitation
3 types of irrigation systems - Correct Answers -sprinkler, drip, and surface
surface irrigation - Correct Answers -flooded troughs and furrows to deliver water. not
used often in ornamental horticulture and not very efficient
sprinkler irrigation - Correct Answers -closed pipes and heads to deliver water. loss due
to evaporation during application. efficiency altered by current environmental conditions
drip irrigation - Correct Answers -closed pipes and single emitters to deliver water.
deliver water directly to root systems and do not broadcast over a large area.
PE - Correct Answers -polyethylene
PVC - Correct Answers -polyvinyl chloride
nominal size - Correct Answers -is used to compare different types of pipe and is not
the exact measurement of the pipe's diameter. This is normally given in inches and
fractions
OD - Correct Answers -(outside diameter) this is a specific measurement of the pipe.
OD will normally be given in inches and decimals to three places
ID - Correct Answers -(inside diameter) this is, also, an exact measurement. ID will
normally be given as inches to decimal of three places
IPS - Correct Answers -(Iron Pipe Size) this is used for any pipe manufactured to the
OD of wrought iron pipes. All piping was originally constructed from iron, now the term is
used to identify any material made to the same sizes
Wall - Correct Answers -(thickness) is a statement to the actual thickness of the pipe
itself. Pipes of the same nominal size may have different wall measurements. This
measure is usually listed as a decimal to three places.
, Schedule - Correct Answers -refers to a pipe of a standard thickness. The higher the
schedule the thicker the pipe walls and greater pressure the pipe can withstand
Working Pressure - Correct Answers -is the maximum internal pressure the pipe can
withstand without damage. The pressure used in the irrigation should be below the
working pressure of the pipe to allow for pressure surges in the system.
4 Types of Heads - Correct Answers -spray, flood, rotary, and micro
Spray Head - Correct Answers -any head which distributes water in a consistent pattern
over the top of the plant material. can be used for multiple applications: lawns, beds,
mixed areas, etc
Flood Head - Correct Answers -apply water below the foliage of the plant. most used for
planting beds
Rotary Head - Correct Answers -apply water over the top of the plant material with a
slowly rotating continuous stream. used for large areas
Micro Head - Correct Answers -extremely low flow rates and operate at lower water
pressure than the others. include bubblers, emitters, and micro spray heads. used
specifically for small areas
7 types of Valves - Correct Answers -Gate, Ball/Globe, Angle, Diaphragm, Drain,
Couplers or quick connect valves, and check
Gate Valves - Correct Answers -sheer flap that is turned 180 degrees to block water
flow. used in straight sections of pipe. generally controlled manually/used as emergency
shut off
Ball/Globe Valves - Correct Answers -closing apparatus is a spherical stopper, easier to
turn under higher water pressures as compared to the gate valve
Angle Valves - Correct Answers -placed in locations where pipes change direction (left,
right, up or down)
Diaphragm Valves - Correct Answers -work by utilizing the water pressure to fill the
diaphragm and block the water flow. When the pressure behind the diaphragm is
released water flow will continue. easiest valve to control electronically
Drain Valves - Correct Answers -installed at points in the system so water can be
removed for winterization of maintenance. physical plug that needs to be removed to
drain the system. manual removal
