BMS exam 2 with verified solutions
Central |dogma |- |correct |answer |-DNA |goes |from |nucleus |to |cytoplasm |(mRNA) |to |ribosomes |in
|cytoplasm |(proteins)
Some |viruses |use |what |as |a |template |for |DNA |synthesis |- |correct |answer |-RNA
What |is |revrse |transcriptase |- |correct |answer |-enzyme |that |caltalyzes |formation |RNA |from |DNA
What |are |nucleotides |composed |of |- |correct |answer |-Sugar, |phosphate, |nitrogenous |base
Purines |- |correct |answer |-Adenine |Guanine
Pyrimidine |- |correct |answer |-Cytosine |Thyamine
How |many |hydrogen |bonds |between |G |and |C |- |correct |answer |-3
How |many |hydrogen |bonds |between |A |and |T |- |correct |answer |-2
Who |discovered |helical |structure |first |- |correct |answer |-Rosalind |Franklin
Who |discovered |double |helix |and |published |it |- |correct |answer |-Watson |and |Crick
Gene |definition |- |correct |answer |-Made |of |strings |of |DNA, |directions |to |make |proteins
Nuclear |DNA |shape |
Mitochondrial |DNA |shape |- |correct |answer |-Nuclear= |linear
Mitochondrion= |circular
,What |is |gel |electrophoresis |used |for |- |correct |answer |-uses |DNA |fragments |to |determine |people
|apart
What |is |active |DNA |called |- |correct |answer |-Euchromatin
What |is |nonactive |DNA |called |- |correct |answer |-Heterochromatin
Every |gene |has |information |for |making |how |many |protein/ |proteins |- |correct |answer |-at |least |one
Genotypes |vary |how |much |between |humans |- |correct |answer |-less |than |1%
3 |Requirements |for |genetic |inheritance |- |correct |answer |-1. |DNA |replicates
2. |contain |information
3. |be |able |to |change |to |create |genetic |variation
What |do |strands |of |DNA/ |hydrogen |bonds |unwind |through |- |correct |answer |-topoisomerase
|(helicase)
DNA |polymerase |does |what |- |correct |answer |-binds |nucleotides |one |at |a |time |(uses |DNA |to |make
|DNA), |checks |for |errors
Where |does |transcription |occur |- |correct |answer |-nucleus
RNA |splicing's |job |- |correct |answer |-Gets |rid |of |introns, |joins |exons |to |coding |sequence
Where |does |mRNA |leave |to |go |- |correct |answer |-cytoplasm |or |rough |ER
What |is |gene |regulation |- |correct |answer |-Every |cell |expresses |(turns |on) |only |a |fraction |of |its
|genes, |the |rest |are |repressed |(turned |off)
, When |are |genes |typically |turned |off |- |correct |answer |-during |transcription
When |can |genes |be |turned |on |- |correct |answer |-stressed, |relaxed, |some |turned |off |entire |life
what |do |regulatory |proteins |do |- |correct |answer |-turn |genes |on |and |off |to |regulate |cell |production
Where |does |tRNA |occur |- |correct |answer |-ribosome |complex
How |many |codons |make |up |the |genetic |code |- |correct |answer |-64
What |is |the |start |codon |- |correct |answer |-AUG
How |many |stop |codons |are |there |- |correct |answer |-3
What |does |it |mean |for |the |genetic |code |to |be |non |overlapping |- |correct |answer |-one |codon |is
|responsible |for |grabbing |one |amino |acid
What |does |it |mean |for |the |genetic |code |to |be |degenerate |- |correct |answer |-Different |codons |can
|specify |the |same |amino |acid
What |does |it |mean |for |the |genetic |code |to |be |Ordered |- |correct |answer |-multiple |codons |for |given
|amino |acid; |codons |with |similar |chemical |properties/ |close |related |typically |differ |by |one
|nucleotide
What |does |it |mean |for |the |genetic |code |to |be |nearly |universal |- |correct |answer |-codons |have |same
|meaning |in |all |living |organisms |including |viruses, |exceptions: |mitochondria |and |some |protozoa
What |is |initiation |- |correct |answer |-RNa |Polymeriase |binds |to |promoter |near |beginning, |hydrogen
|bonds |separate
Central |dogma |- |correct |answer |-DNA |goes |from |nucleus |to |cytoplasm |(mRNA) |to |ribosomes |in
|cytoplasm |(proteins)
Some |viruses |use |what |as |a |template |for |DNA |synthesis |- |correct |answer |-RNA
What |is |revrse |transcriptase |- |correct |answer |-enzyme |that |caltalyzes |formation |RNA |from |DNA
What |are |nucleotides |composed |of |- |correct |answer |-Sugar, |phosphate, |nitrogenous |base
Purines |- |correct |answer |-Adenine |Guanine
Pyrimidine |- |correct |answer |-Cytosine |Thyamine
How |many |hydrogen |bonds |between |G |and |C |- |correct |answer |-3
How |many |hydrogen |bonds |between |A |and |T |- |correct |answer |-2
Who |discovered |helical |structure |first |- |correct |answer |-Rosalind |Franklin
Who |discovered |double |helix |and |published |it |- |correct |answer |-Watson |and |Crick
Gene |definition |- |correct |answer |-Made |of |strings |of |DNA, |directions |to |make |proteins
Nuclear |DNA |shape |
Mitochondrial |DNA |shape |- |correct |answer |-Nuclear= |linear
Mitochondrion= |circular
,What |is |gel |electrophoresis |used |for |- |correct |answer |-uses |DNA |fragments |to |determine |people
|apart
What |is |active |DNA |called |- |correct |answer |-Euchromatin
What |is |nonactive |DNA |called |- |correct |answer |-Heterochromatin
Every |gene |has |information |for |making |how |many |protein/ |proteins |- |correct |answer |-at |least |one
Genotypes |vary |how |much |between |humans |- |correct |answer |-less |than |1%
3 |Requirements |for |genetic |inheritance |- |correct |answer |-1. |DNA |replicates
2. |contain |information
3. |be |able |to |change |to |create |genetic |variation
What |do |strands |of |DNA/ |hydrogen |bonds |unwind |through |- |correct |answer |-topoisomerase
|(helicase)
DNA |polymerase |does |what |- |correct |answer |-binds |nucleotides |one |at |a |time |(uses |DNA |to |make
|DNA), |checks |for |errors
Where |does |transcription |occur |- |correct |answer |-nucleus
RNA |splicing's |job |- |correct |answer |-Gets |rid |of |introns, |joins |exons |to |coding |sequence
Where |does |mRNA |leave |to |go |- |correct |answer |-cytoplasm |or |rough |ER
What |is |gene |regulation |- |correct |answer |-Every |cell |expresses |(turns |on) |only |a |fraction |of |its
|genes, |the |rest |are |repressed |(turned |off)
, When |are |genes |typically |turned |off |- |correct |answer |-during |transcription
When |can |genes |be |turned |on |- |correct |answer |-stressed, |relaxed, |some |turned |off |entire |life
what |do |regulatory |proteins |do |- |correct |answer |-turn |genes |on |and |off |to |regulate |cell |production
Where |does |tRNA |occur |- |correct |answer |-ribosome |complex
How |many |codons |make |up |the |genetic |code |- |correct |answer |-64
What |is |the |start |codon |- |correct |answer |-AUG
How |many |stop |codons |are |there |- |correct |answer |-3
What |does |it |mean |for |the |genetic |code |to |be |non |overlapping |- |correct |answer |-one |codon |is
|responsible |for |grabbing |one |amino |acid
What |does |it |mean |for |the |genetic |code |to |be |degenerate |- |correct |answer |-Different |codons |can
|specify |the |same |amino |acid
What |does |it |mean |for |the |genetic |code |to |be |Ordered |- |correct |answer |-multiple |codons |for |given
|amino |acid; |codons |with |similar |chemical |properties/ |close |related |typically |differ |by |one
|nucleotide
What |does |it |mean |for |the |genetic |code |to |be |nearly |universal |- |correct |answer |-codons |have |same
|meaning |in |all |living |organisms |including |viruses, |exceptions: |mitochondria |and |some |protozoa
What |is |initiation |- |correct |answer |-RNa |Polymeriase |binds |to |promoter |near |beginning, |hydrogen
|bonds |separate
