Med Surg 3 LPN exam with answers
The |clinic |nurse |caring |for |a |patient |with |Parkinson's |disease |notes |that |the |patient |has |been |taking
|levodopa |and |carbidopa |(Sinemet) |for |7 |years. |What |common |side |effects |of |Sinemet |would |the |
nurse |assesses |this |patient |for? |- |correct |answer |-Within |5 |to |10 |years |of |taking |levodopa, |most |
patients |develop |a |response |to |the |medication |characterized |by |dyskinesia |(abnormal |involuntary |
movements). |Another |potential |complication |of |long-term |dopaminergic |medication |use |is |
neuroleptic |malignant |syndrome, |characterized |by |severe |rigidity, |stupor, |and |hyperthermia.
Cushing's |triad |- |correct |answer |-is |manifested |by |bradycardia, |hypertension, |and |bradypnea. |
elevated |systolic |blood |pressure |with |wide |pulse |pressure, |irregular |breathing.
A |late |sign |in |ICP |IS |- |correct |answer |-Cushings |syndrome
A |nurse |is |collaborating |with |the |interdisciplinary |team |to |help |manage |a |patient's |recurrent |
headaches. |What |aspect |of |the |patient's |health |history |should |the |nurse |identify |as |a |potential |
contributor |to |the |patient's |headaches? |- |correct |answer |-The |patient |takes |vasodilators |for |the |
treatment |of |angina.
Explanation: |
Vasodilators |are |known |to |contribute |to |headaches.
Diazepam |(Valium), |a |tranquilizer, |is |used |for |its |twofold |effect: |- |correct |answer |-to |reduce |anxiety
|associated |with |the |pain |of |a |herniated |disk |and |to |relax |the |skeletal |muscle.
The |most |common |symptoms |of |stroke |include |- |correct |answer |-numbness |or |weakness |of |the |
face, |arm, |or |leg, |especially |on |one |side |of |the |body; |confusion |or |change |in |mental |status; |trouble |
speaking |or |understanding |speech; |visual |disturbances; |difficulty |walking, |dizziness, |or |loss |of |
balance |or |coordination; |and |sudden, |severe |headache.
Parkinson's |disease |is |associated |with |decreased |levels |of |- |correct |answer |-dopamine |resulting |
from |degeneration |of |dopamine |storage |cells |in |the |substantia |nigra |in |the |basal |ganglia |region |of |
the |brain
,A |patient |is |recovering |from |intracranial |surgery |performed |approximately |24 |hours |ago |and |is |
complaining |of |a |headache |that |the |patient |rates |at |8 |on |a |10-point |pain |scale. |What |nursing |
action |is |most |appropriate |- |correct |answer |-The |patient |usually |has |a |headache |after |a |craniotomy
|as |a |result |of |stretching |and |irritation |of |nerves |in |the |scalp |during |surgery. |Morphine |sulfate |may |
also |be |used |in |the |management |of |postoperative |pain |in |patients |who |have |undergone |a |
craniotomy.
Aura |- |correct |answer |-sensation, |either |of |weakness, |numbness, |or |a |hallucinatory |odor |or |sound, |
that |occurs |immediately |before |a |generalized |tonic-clonic |seizure.
Automatisms |- |correct |answer |-inappropriate, |automatic, |repetitive |movements |such |as |lip |
smacking |and |picking |at |clothing |or |objects.
Bradykinesia |- |correct |answer |-slowness |in |performing |spontaneous |movements.
Brudzinskis |sign |- |correct |answer |-assessment |finding |in |which |flexion |of |the |neck |produces |flexion |
of |the |knees |and |hips.
Cheyne-Stokes |respirations: |- |correct |answer |-pattern |of |respiration |in |which |shallow, |rapid |
breathing |is |followed |by |a |period |of |apnea.
Choreiform |movements: |- |correct |answer |-uncontrollable |writhing |and |twisting |of |the |body.
Convulsion: |- |correct |answer |-seizure |characterized |by |spasmodic |contractions |of |muscles.
Cushing's |triad: |- |correct |answer |-three |signs |associated |with |an |increase |in |intracranial |pressure: |
pulse |that |increases |initially |but |then |decreases, |systolic |BP |that |rises |with |a |widening |pulse |
pressure, |and |a |respiratory |rate |that |is |irregular.
Demyelinating |disease: |- |correct |answer |-disorder |that |causes |permanent |degeneration |and |
destruction |of |myelin.
Diplopia: |- |correct |answer |-double |vision.
, Epilepsy |- |correct |answer |-chronic |recurrent |pattern |of |seizures.
Fasciculations: |- |correct |answer |-: |involuntary |twitching |of |muscles.
Foramen |magnum |- |correct |answer |-opening |in |the |lower |part |of |the |skull |through |which |the |upper
|part |of |the |spinal |cord |connects |with |the |brain |and |which |provides |the |only |extracranial |exit |for |
brain |tissue.
Gamma-knife |radiosurgery |- |correct |answer |-: |noninvasive |alternative |for |treating |brain |tumors |
deep |within |the |brain |or |for |treating |those |tumors |that |conventional |surgery |can |only |partially |
remove.
Kernig's |sign |- |correct |answer |-: |inability |to |extend |the |leg |when |the |thigh |is |flexed |on |the |
abdomen.
Neuralgia |- |correct |answer |-Nerve |pain
Nuchal |Rigidty |- |correct |answer |-pain |and |stiffness |of |the |neck |and |an |inability |to |place |the |chin |on
|the |chest
Nystagmus |- |correct |answer |-: |uncontrolled |oscillating |movement |of |the |eyeball.
Opisthotonos: |- |correct |answer |-extreme |hyperextension |of |the |head |and |arching |of |the |back.
Papilledema: |- |correct |answer |-swelling |of |the |optic |nerve.
Parkinsonism: |- |correct |answer |-cluster |of |Parkinson-like |symptoms |that |develop |from |several |
etiologies.
Photophobia |- |correct |answer |-: |sensitivity |to |light.
The |clinic |nurse |caring |for |a |patient |with |Parkinson's |disease |notes |that |the |patient |has |been |taking
|levodopa |and |carbidopa |(Sinemet) |for |7 |years. |What |common |side |effects |of |Sinemet |would |the |
nurse |assesses |this |patient |for? |- |correct |answer |-Within |5 |to |10 |years |of |taking |levodopa, |most |
patients |develop |a |response |to |the |medication |characterized |by |dyskinesia |(abnormal |involuntary |
movements). |Another |potential |complication |of |long-term |dopaminergic |medication |use |is |
neuroleptic |malignant |syndrome, |characterized |by |severe |rigidity, |stupor, |and |hyperthermia.
Cushing's |triad |- |correct |answer |-is |manifested |by |bradycardia, |hypertension, |and |bradypnea. |
elevated |systolic |blood |pressure |with |wide |pulse |pressure, |irregular |breathing.
A |late |sign |in |ICP |IS |- |correct |answer |-Cushings |syndrome
A |nurse |is |collaborating |with |the |interdisciplinary |team |to |help |manage |a |patient's |recurrent |
headaches. |What |aspect |of |the |patient's |health |history |should |the |nurse |identify |as |a |potential |
contributor |to |the |patient's |headaches? |- |correct |answer |-The |patient |takes |vasodilators |for |the |
treatment |of |angina.
Explanation: |
Vasodilators |are |known |to |contribute |to |headaches.
Diazepam |(Valium), |a |tranquilizer, |is |used |for |its |twofold |effect: |- |correct |answer |-to |reduce |anxiety
|associated |with |the |pain |of |a |herniated |disk |and |to |relax |the |skeletal |muscle.
The |most |common |symptoms |of |stroke |include |- |correct |answer |-numbness |or |weakness |of |the |
face, |arm, |or |leg, |especially |on |one |side |of |the |body; |confusion |or |change |in |mental |status; |trouble |
speaking |or |understanding |speech; |visual |disturbances; |difficulty |walking, |dizziness, |or |loss |of |
balance |or |coordination; |and |sudden, |severe |headache.
Parkinson's |disease |is |associated |with |decreased |levels |of |- |correct |answer |-dopamine |resulting |
from |degeneration |of |dopamine |storage |cells |in |the |substantia |nigra |in |the |basal |ganglia |region |of |
the |brain
,A |patient |is |recovering |from |intracranial |surgery |performed |approximately |24 |hours |ago |and |is |
complaining |of |a |headache |that |the |patient |rates |at |8 |on |a |10-point |pain |scale. |What |nursing |
action |is |most |appropriate |- |correct |answer |-The |patient |usually |has |a |headache |after |a |craniotomy
|as |a |result |of |stretching |and |irritation |of |nerves |in |the |scalp |during |surgery. |Morphine |sulfate |may |
also |be |used |in |the |management |of |postoperative |pain |in |patients |who |have |undergone |a |
craniotomy.
Aura |- |correct |answer |-sensation, |either |of |weakness, |numbness, |or |a |hallucinatory |odor |or |sound, |
that |occurs |immediately |before |a |generalized |tonic-clonic |seizure.
Automatisms |- |correct |answer |-inappropriate, |automatic, |repetitive |movements |such |as |lip |
smacking |and |picking |at |clothing |or |objects.
Bradykinesia |- |correct |answer |-slowness |in |performing |spontaneous |movements.
Brudzinskis |sign |- |correct |answer |-assessment |finding |in |which |flexion |of |the |neck |produces |flexion |
of |the |knees |and |hips.
Cheyne-Stokes |respirations: |- |correct |answer |-pattern |of |respiration |in |which |shallow, |rapid |
breathing |is |followed |by |a |period |of |apnea.
Choreiform |movements: |- |correct |answer |-uncontrollable |writhing |and |twisting |of |the |body.
Convulsion: |- |correct |answer |-seizure |characterized |by |spasmodic |contractions |of |muscles.
Cushing's |triad: |- |correct |answer |-three |signs |associated |with |an |increase |in |intracranial |pressure: |
pulse |that |increases |initially |but |then |decreases, |systolic |BP |that |rises |with |a |widening |pulse |
pressure, |and |a |respiratory |rate |that |is |irregular.
Demyelinating |disease: |- |correct |answer |-disorder |that |causes |permanent |degeneration |and |
destruction |of |myelin.
Diplopia: |- |correct |answer |-double |vision.
, Epilepsy |- |correct |answer |-chronic |recurrent |pattern |of |seizures.
Fasciculations: |- |correct |answer |-: |involuntary |twitching |of |muscles.
Foramen |magnum |- |correct |answer |-opening |in |the |lower |part |of |the |skull |through |which |the |upper
|part |of |the |spinal |cord |connects |with |the |brain |and |which |provides |the |only |extracranial |exit |for |
brain |tissue.
Gamma-knife |radiosurgery |- |correct |answer |-: |noninvasive |alternative |for |treating |brain |tumors |
deep |within |the |brain |or |for |treating |those |tumors |that |conventional |surgery |can |only |partially |
remove.
Kernig's |sign |- |correct |answer |-: |inability |to |extend |the |leg |when |the |thigh |is |flexed |on |the |
abdomen.
Neuralgia |- |correct |answer |-Nerve |pain
Nuchal |Rigidty |- |correct |answer |-pain |and |stiffness |of |the |neck |and |an |inability |to |place |the |chin |on
|the |chest
Nystagmus |- |correct |answer |-: |uncontrolled |oscillating |movement |of |the |eyeball.
Opisthotonos: |- |correct |answer |-extreme |hyperextension |of |the |head |and |arching |of |the |back.
Papilledema: |- |correct |answer |-swelling |of |the |optic |nerve.
Parkinsonism: |- |correct |answer |-cluster |of |Parkinson-like |symptoms |that |develop |from |several |
etiologies.
Photophobia |- |correct |answer |-: |sensitivity |to |light.
