CSTU Final Exam Questions and
Answers Ch. 13-15
first industrial revolution - Answer-well established in Great Britain from the late 1700s to early 1800s
second industrial revolution - Answer-end of 1800s to early 1900s
materialism - Answer-"the belief that science, technology, and industry can know all truth, solve all
problems, and create human happiness"
George Hegel - Answer-German and philosophical idealist (the idea that reality is grounded in the
"workings of the mind")
dialectic - Answer-what Hegel calls "the mind engaged in a creative struggle with history's materials and
circumstances"
Karl Marx - Answer-wrote Das Kapital and Communist manifesto
"workers of the world, unite! You have nothing to lose but your chains"
believed that "history was propelled by material forces and the struggle of the classes"
,Utiliarianism - Answer-"the philosophic belief that moral good lies in the greatest happiness for the
greatest number"
Jeremy Bentham - Answer-argues that "happiness promised by social reforms could be positively and
empirically measured"
John Stuart Mill - Answer-wrote On Liberty
advocated for women to vote in The Subjection of Women
"actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they tend to produce the
reverse of happiness"
Charles Darwin - Answer-wrote Origin of Species
theory of natural selection
"humans have evolved from lower animals, according to the inexorable laws or mutation and adaptation
"social darwinism" was used to justify class distinctions and colonial rule
england - Answer-most powerful and prosperous of all industrial nations
Victorian Era - Answer-named after the long reign of a Queen
noted for its rapidly raising standards of living and "stunning technological advances"
the lightbulb
transatlantic telegraph cable - Answer-first connected north america and europe
the great exhibition of London (1851) - Answer-architecturally remembered by the Crystal Palace which
was designed by Joseph Paxton
, covered 26 acres
iron and glass construction
Louis Sullivan - Answer-develops the first modern skyscraper in St. Louis
"form follows function"
"commercial palaces"
Eiffel Tower - Answer-most ambitious example of new construction
designed by Gustave eiffel
984 feet tall
National Library - Answer-designed by Henri Labrouste
key example of new construction
Baron Georges-Eugene Haussmann - Answer-redesigns Paris at the cost of the poor's housing
realism - Answer-"the truthful and objective representation of the social world, without illusion and
imaginative alternation"
edouard manet - Answer-a towering figure post-Courbet in 1860s paris
known for his updating of traditional paintings
painted luncheon in the grass
Thomas Eakins - Answer-known for his combination of "realist technique with an American matter-of-
factness"
painted the Gross Clinic with "scientific realism"
Answers Ch. 13-15
first industrial revolution - Answer-well established in Great Britain from the late 1700s to early 1800s
second industrial revolution - Answer-end of 1800s to early 1900s
materialism - Answer-"the belief that science, technology, and industry can know all truth, solve all
problems, and create human happiness"
George Hegel - Answer-German and philosophical idealist (the idea that reality is grounded in the
"workings of the mind")
dialectic - Answer-what Hegel calls "the mind engaged in a creative struggle with history's materials and
circumstances"
Karl Marx - Answer-wrote Das Kapital and Communist manifesto
"workers of the world, unite! You have nothing to lose but your chains"
believed that "history was propelled by material forces and the struggle of the classes"
,Utiliarianism - Answer-"the philosophic belief that moral good lies in the greatest happiness for the
greatest number"
Jeremy Bentham - Answer-argues that "happiness promised by social reforms could be positively and
empirically measured"
John Stuart Mill - Answer-wrote On Liberty
advocated for women to vote in The Subjection of Women
"actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they tend to produce the
reverse of happiness"
Charles Darwin - Answer-wrote Origin of Species
theory of natural selection
"humans have evolved from lower animals, according to the inexorable laws or mutation and adaptation
"social darwinism" was used to justify class distinctions and colonial rule
england - Answer-most powerful and prosperous of all industrial nations
Victorian Era - Answer-named after the long reign of a Queen
noted for its rapidly raising standards of living and "stunning technological advances"
the lightbulb
transatlantic telegraph cable - Answer-first connected north america and europe
the great exhibition of London (1851) - Answer-architecturally remembered by the Crystal Palace which
was designed by Joseph Paxton
, covered 26 acres
iron and glass construction
Louis Sullivan - Answer-develops the first modern skyscraper in St. Louis
"form follows function"
"commercial palaces"
Eiffel Tower - Answer-most ambitious example of new construction
designed by Gustave eiffel
984 feet tall
National Library - Answer-designed by Henri Labrouste
key example of new construction
Baron Georges-Eugene Haussmann - Answer-redesigns Paris at the cost of the poor's housing
realism - Answer-"the truthful and objective representation of the social world, without illusion and
imaginative alternation"
edouard manet - Answer-a towering figure post-Courbet in 1860s paris
known for his updating of traditional paintings
painted luncheon in the grass
Thomas Eakins - Answer-known for his combination of "realist technique with an American matter-of-
factness"
painted the Gross Clinic with "scientific realism"
