©BRIGHTSTRS EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
NUTR 3330 – Flavonoids Exam Questions
With Verified Answers
What are phytochemicals? - Answers✔physiologically active components (chemicals) found in
plants
Are phytochemicals nutritive? - Answers✔No
What is the phytochemical in garlic? - Answers✔Allicin
What is one of the most numerous and ubiquitous groups of plant metabolites? -
Answers✔Polyphenols
What are tannins? - Answers✔Highly polymerized phenolic molecules
Why were polyphenols traditionally seen as anti-nutrients? - Answers✔Effects of specific
polyphenols to bind macromolecules and reduce food digestibility
What is a common structural feature of all polyphenols? - Answers✔Aromatic ring with at least
one hydroxyl group
What are the 2 major pathway polyphenols can be synthesized from? - Answers✔shikimate
acetate
What influences the amount of polyphenols in plants? (name one) - Answers✔Light
Genetic factors
Environmental conditions
Germination
Degree of ripeness
Variety, processing, storage
Presence of polyphenols in food contributes to what sensory qualities? - Answers✔astringency
and bitterness
1
, ©BRIGHTSTRS EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Browning of cocoa during processing is the result of what desirable effect during
processing/storage? - Answers✔oxidation of polyphenols
What is the undesirable effect of polyphenols during processing/storage? - Answers✔oxidation
causes enzymatic browning (polyphenol oxidase) and non-enzymatic browning for undesirable
flavour and colour of fruits and vegetables
What kind of polyphenol can effect digestibility of protein? - Answers✔Highly polymerized
(big) polyphenol e.g. tannin
What macronutrient can polyphenols affect the digestibility of? - Answers✔Protein
How can polyphenols affect mineral bioavailibility? How can this be helpful? - Answers✔Form
complexes with metal cations and interfere with their absorption
Can be used to treat hemochromatosis (too much iron absorption)
Most polyphenols in food are _____ and _____ - Answers✔phenolic acids and flavonoids
Flavonoids were discovered by who? - Answers✔biochemists Rusznyak and Szent-Gyorgyi
Flavonoids were originally named what? - Answers✔vitamin P
What are flavonoids? - Answers✔subgroup of low molecular weight polyphenolic substances
What is the most common group of plant polyphenol? - Answers✔flavonoids
Where are flavonoids concentrated in the plant? - Answers✔Seeds, fruit skin or peel, bark,
flowers, leaves
(outer parts of the plant)
A ring of flavonoids arises from...
B ring arises from...
C ring determines... - Answers✔acetate pathway
shikimate pathway
the major class of flavonoid
Which rings of the polyphenol have OH groups attached? - Answers✔A and B
What are the 6 major subclasses of flavonoids? - Answers✔flavones, flavonols
flavanones, flavanols
anthocyanins, isoflavones
2
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
NUTR 3330 – Flavonoids Exam Questions
With Verified Answers
What are phytochemicals? - Answers✔physiologically active components (chemicals) found in
plants
Are phytochemicals nutritive? - Answers✔No
What is the phytochemical in garlic? - Answers✔Allicin
What is one of the most numerous and ubiquitous groups of plant metabolites? -
Answers✔Polyphenols
What are tannins? - Answers✔Highly polymerized phenolic molecules
Why were polyphenols traditionally seen as anti-nutrients? - Answers✔Effects of specific
polyphenols to bind macromolecules and reduce food digestibility
What is a common structural feature of all polyphenols? - Answers✔Aromatic ring with at least
one hydroxyl group
What are the 2 major pathway polyphenols can be synthesized from? - Answers✔shikimate
acetate
What influences the amount of polyphenols in plants? (name one) - Answers✔Light
Genetic factors
Environmental conditions
Germination
Degree of ripeness
Variety, processing, storage
Presence of polyphenols in food contributes to what sensory qualities? - Answers✔astringency
and bitterness
1
, ©BRIGHTSTRS EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Browning of cocoa during processing is the result of what desirable effect during
processing/storage? - Answers✔oxidation of polyphenols
What is the undesirable effect of polyphenols during processing/storage? - Answers✔oxidation
causes enzymatic browning (polyphenol oxidase) and non-enzymatic browning for undesirable
flavour and colour of fruits and vegetables
What kind of polyphenol can effect digestibility of protein? - Answers✔Highly polymerized
(big) polyphenol e.g. tannin
What macronutrient can polyphenols affect the digestibility of? - Answers✔Protein
How can polyphenols affect mineral bioavailibility? How can this be helpful? - Answers✔Form
complexes with metal cations and interfere with their absorption
Can be used to treat hemochromatosis (too much iron absorption)
Most polyphenols in food are _____ and _____ - Answers✔phenolic acids and flavonoids
Flavonoids were discovered by who? - Answers✔biochemists Rusznyak and Szent-Gyorgyi
Flavonoids were originally named what? - Answers✔vitamin P
What are flavonoids? - Answers✔subgroup of low molecular weight polyphenolic substances
What is the most common group of plant polyphenol? - Answers✔flavonoids
Where are flavonoids concentrated in the plant? - Answers✔Seeds, fruit skin or peel, bark,
flowers, leaves
(outer parts of the plant)
A ring of flavonoids arises from...
B ring arises from...
C ring determines... - Answers✔acetate pathway
shikimate pathway
the major class of flavonoid
Which rings of the polyphenol have OH groups attached? - Answers✔A and B
What are the 6 major subclasses of flavonoids? - Answers✔flavones, flavonols
flavanones, flavanols
anthocyanins, isoflavones
2
