CJ 101 (Criminal Justice) - Study Guide
Final Chapters 8-16 with answers
Prosecutor |(District |Attorney |or |D.A.) |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |lawyer |who |prosecutes |criminal |
cases |at |the |local |level |(appointed |by |governor/another |official)
Defense |Attorney |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |lawyer |who |represents |the |defendant |in |a |criminal |
case
Voir |Dire |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |process |of |questioning |prospective |jurors |about |their |
background, |opinions, |and |knowledge |relevant |to |a |particular |case
Jury |Selection |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |process |whereby, |according |to |law |and |precedent, |
members |of |a |trial |jury |are |chosen.
Appellate |Brief |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |document |containing |legal |arguments |in |an |appellate |
case, |submitted |to |a |court |by |attorneys |for |one |party |(Appellant |is |the |person |who |sends |it)
Appellate |Court |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔Determine |whether |legal |errors |were |made |at |trial
Plea |Bargaining |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔An |agreement |between |defendants |and |prosecutors, |in |
which |a |defendant |pleads |guilty |to |the |original |or |reduced |charges |in |exchange |for |a |lesser |sentence
Bail |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |sum |of |money |deposited |by |a |defendant |with |a |court |to |ensure |the |
defendant's |appearance |at |trial.
Right |to |Counsel |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔extended |to |a |defendant |at |any |critical |stage |that |could |
influence |the |right |of |the |accused |to |a |fair |trial |(6th |Amendment)
exception: |must |be |facing |incarceration |(jail |time); |must |be |waived |by |defendant
, Defendant |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |person |against |whom |criminal |charges |or |a |civil |lawsuit |are |
filed
Discovery |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |process |in |which |an |attorney |requests |that |opposing |counsel |
or |other |parties |provide |certain |evidence |or |information
Preliminary |Hearing |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔a |proceeding |in |which |a |judge |determines |whether |
probable |cause |exists |to |bring |the |defendant |to |court |to |face |trial |for |the |crimes |with |which |he |has |
been |charged
Capital |Punishment |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔An |offense |punishable |by |execution; |provided |by |u.s |
military, |federal |government |and |26 |states
Death |Penalty |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |punishment |of |execution, |administered |to |someone |
legally |convicted |of |a |capital |crime |(capital |punishment)
Habeas |Corpus |Petition |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔a |petition |filed |with |a |court |by |a |person |who |
objects |to |his |own |or |another's |detention |or |imprisonment |(accuses |that |their |imprisonment |is |illegal)
presentence |investigation |report |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔a |report |that |provides |the |court |with |a |
basis |for |making |a |sentencing |decision |by |including |a |personal |history |of |the |offender, |often |a |victim |
impact |statement, |and |a |recommendation |for |sentencing
Goals |of |Sentencing |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔retribution, |deterrence, |incapacitation, |rehabilitation
Retribution |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔Focused |on |punishment |that |fits |the |crime
Deterrence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔Focused |on |preventing |future |crime |form |occurring |by |
convincing |the |offender |(Specific) |and |others |(general) |that |punishment |will |be |swift, |severe, |and |
certain
Incapacitation |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔Focused |on |preventing |future |offenses, |usually |by |
imprisoning |the |offender |for |long |periods |of |time
Final Chapters 8-16 with answers
Prosecutor |(District |Attorney |or |D.A.) |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |lawyer |who |prosecutes |criminal |
cases |at |the |local |level |(appointed |by |governor/another |official)
Defense |Attorney |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |lawyer |who |represents |the |defendant |in |a |criminal |
case
Voir |Dire |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |process |of |questioning |prospective |jurors |about |their |
background, |opinions, |and |knowledge |relevant |to |a |particular |case
Jury |Selection |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |process |whereby, |according |to |law |and |precedent, |
members |of |a |trial |jury |are |chosen.
Appellate |Brief |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |document |containing |legal |arguments |in |an |appellate |
case, |submitted |to |a |court |by |attorneys |for |one |party |(Appellant |is |the |person |who |sends |it)
Appellate |Court |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔Determine |whether |legal |errors |were |made |at |trial
Plea |Bargaining |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔An |agreement |between |defendants |and |prosecutors, |in |
which |a |defendant |pleads |guilty |to |the |original |or |reduced |charges |in |exchange |for |a |lesser |sentence
Bail |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔A |sum |of |money |deposited |by |a |defendant |with |a |court |to |ensure |the |
defendant's |appearance |at |trial.
Right |to |Counsel |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔extended |to |a |defendant |at |any |critical |stage |that |could |
influence |the |right |of |the |accused |to |a |fair |trial |(6th |Amendment)
exception: |must |be |facing |incarceration |(jail |time); |must |be |waived |by |defendant
, Defendant |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |person |against |whom |criminal |charges |or |a |civil |lawsuit |are |
filed
Discovery |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |process |in |which |an |attorney |requests |that |opposing |counsel |
or |other |parties |provide |certain |evidence |or |information
Preliminary |Hearing |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔a |proceeding |in |which |a |judge |determines |whether |
probable |cause |exists |to |bring |the |defendant |to |court |to |face |trial |for |the |crimes |with |which |he |has |
been |charged
Capital |Punishment |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔An |offense |punishable |by |execution; |provided |by |u.s |
military, |federal |government |and |26 |states
Death |Penalty |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔The |punishment |of |execution, |administered |to |someone |
legally |convicted |of |a |capital |crime |(capital |punishment)
Habeas |Corpus |Petition |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔a |petition |filed |with |a |court |by |a |person |who |
objects |to |his |own |or |another's |detention |or |imprisonment |(accuses |that |their |imprisonment |is |illegal)
presentence |investigation |report |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔a |report |that |provides |the |court |with |a |
basis |for |making |a |sentencing |decision |by |including |a |personal |history |of |the |offender, |often |a |victim |
impact |statement, |and |a |recommendation |for |sentencing
Goals |of |Sentencing |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔retribution, |deterrence, |incapacitation, |rehabilitation
Retribution |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔Focused |on |punishment |that |fits |the |crime
Deterrence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔Focused |on |preventing |future |crime |form |occurring |by |
convincing |the |offender |(Specific) |and |others |(general) |that |punishment |will |be |swift, |severe, |and |
certain
Incapacitation |- |VERIFIED |ANSWERS |**✔Focused |on |preventing |future |offenses, |usually |by |
imprisoning |the |offender |for |long |periods |of |time
