Test Bank Pharmacology for Nurses Canadian 2nd, 3rd Edition Adams

Test Bank for Basic Pharmacology for N
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urses s




Chapter 02: Basic Principles of Drug Action and Drug Interacti
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ons
Clayton/Willihnganz: Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 17th Edition MULTIP s s s s s s s




LE CHOICEs




1.The nurse assesses hives in a patient started on a new medication. What is the nur
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se‟s priority action?
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a. Notify physician of allergic reaction.
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b.Notify physician of idiosyncratic reaction.
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c. Notify physician of potential teratogenicity.
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d.Notify physician of potential tolerance.
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ANS: A s




An allergic reaction is indicative of hypersensitivity and manifests with hives and/or u
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rticaria, which are easily identified. An idiosyncratic reaction occurs when somethin
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g unusual or abnormal happens when a drug is first administered. A teratogenic reacti
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on refers to the occurrence of birth defects related to
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,administration of the drug. Tolerance refers to the body‟s requirement for increasing
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dosages to achieve the same effects that a lower dose once did.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 17 OBJ: 4 TOP:Nur
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sing Process Step: Assessment
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MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT:CONCEPT(S) s s s s s s




: Clinical Judgment; Safety
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2.The nurse administers an initial dose of a steroid to a patient with asthma. Thirty min
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utes after administration, the nurse finds the patient agitated and stating that “everyon
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e is out to get me.” What is the term for this unusual reaction?
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a. Desired action s


b.Adverse effect s


c. Idiosyncratic reaction s


d.Allergic reaction s




ANS: C s




Idiosyncratic reactions are unusual, abnormal reactions that occur when a drug is first
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administered. Patients typically exhibit an overresponsiveness to a medication relate
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d to diminished metabolism. These reactions are believed to be related to genetic enzy
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me deficiencies. Desired actions are expected responses to a medication. Adverse eff
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ects are reactions that occur in another system of the body; they are usually predictabl
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e. Allergic reactions appear after repeated medication dosages.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 18 OBJ: 4 TOP:Nur
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sing Process Step: Evaluation
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MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity s s s s s




NOT: CONCEPT(S): Patient Education; Clinical Judgment; Caregiving; Safety; Se
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nsory Perception s




3.Which is the best description of when drug interactions occur? a.
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On administration of toxic dosages of a drug
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, b.On an increase in the pharmacodynamics of bound drugs
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c. On the alteration of the effect of one drug by another drug
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d.On increase of drug excretion
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ANS: C s




Drug interactions may be characterized by an increase or decrease in the effective
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ness of one or both of the drugs. Toxicity of one drug may or may not affect the me
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tabolism of another one. Drug interactions may result from either increased or dec
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reased pharmacodynamics. Drug interactions may result from either increased or
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decreased excretion. s




DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 18 OBJ: 5 TOP
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:Nursing Process Step: Assessment s s s




MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT:CONCEPT s s s s s s




(S): Safety; Patient Education; Clinical Judgment
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4.What occurs when two drugs compete for the same receptor site, resulting in inc
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reased activity of the first drug?
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a. Desired action s


b.Synergistic effect s


c. Carcinogenicity
d.Displacement

ANS: D s




The displacement of the first drug from receptor sites by a second drug increases the a
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mount of the first drug because more unbound drug is available. An expected respons
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e of a drug is the desired action. A synergistic effect is the effect of two drugs being gr
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eater than the effect of each chemical individually or the sum of the individual effects
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. Carcinogenicity is the ability of a drug to cause cells to mutate and become cancerou
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s.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 19 OBJ: 6 TOP
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:Nursing Process Step: Implementation s s s