Visual and Auditory Problems Exam
Questions with Complete and Correct
Answers
A patient is recovering from a motor vehicle crash that resulted in blindness. The patient is withdrawn
and refuses to get out of bed. What is the nurse's priority goal for this patient?
a. Use suitable coping strategies to reduce stress.
b. Identify patient's strengths and support system.
c. Verbalize feelings related to visual impairment.
d. Transition successfully to the sudden vision loss. - Answer-c. Verbalize feelings related to visual
impairment.
The nurse's priority is to help the patient express his feelings about the vision loss resulting from the lack
of coping effectively with the situation. Until the patient expresses how they feel, they will be unable to
progress in the rehabilitation process.
The patient informs the nurse that he has a "sty" that has been present for some time on the upper
eyelid and reports using warm moist compresses with no improvement. What is the best response by
the nurse?
a. "Go to the pharmacy to get some eye drops."
,b. "Come in so the ophthalmologist can assess the lesion."
c. "The health care provider will need to inject it with an antibiotic."
d. "Wash the eyelid margins with baby shampoo to remove the crusting." - Answer-b. "Come in so the
ophthalmologist can assess the lesion."
A chalazion may evolve from a "sty" or hordeolum as it did for this patient. Initial treatment is with
warm compresses, but when they are ineffective, the lesion may be surgically removed or injected with
corticosteroids. Washing the eyelid margins with baby shampoo is done with blepharitis.
A patient is diagnosed with severe myopia. Which type of correction is the patient planning to have if
they state, "I can't wait to be able to see after they implant a contact lens over my lens"?
a. Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)
b. Phakic intraocular lenses (phakic IOLs)
c. Refractive intraocular lens (refractive IOL)
d. Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) - Answer-b. Phakic intraocular lenses (phakic IOLs)
Phakic intraocular lenses (phakic IOLs) is the implantation of a contact lens in front of the natural lens.
PRK is used with low to moderate amounts of myopia, and the epithelium is removed and the laser
sculpts the cornea to correct the refractive error. Refractive IOL is also for patients with a high degree of
myopia or hyperopia and involves removing the natural lens and implanting an intraocular lens. LASIK
surgery is similar to PRK except that the epithelium is replaced after surgery.
The nurse is teaching a patient with glaucoma about administration of pilocarpine. What statement is
important for the nurse to include during the instructions?
a. "Prolonged eye irritation is an expected adverse effect of this medication."
b. "This medication will help to raise intraocular pressure to a near normal level."
c. "This medication needs to be continued for at least 5 years after your initial diagnosis."
d. "It is important not to do activities requiring visual acuity immediately after administration." -
Answer-d. "It is important not to do activities requiring visual acuity immediately after administration."
, Pilocarpine causes blurred vision and difficulty in focusing, so it is important not to engage in any
activities requiring visual acuity until the vision clears. It should not cause prolonged eye irritation, and
this should be immediately reported to the prescribing care provider. This medication will decrease
intraocular pressure.
A patient with Ménière's disease had decompression of the endolymphatic sac to reduce the frequent
and incapacitating attacks being experienced. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching
for this patient?
a. Airplane travel will be more comfortable now.
b. Avoid sudden head movements or position changes.
c. Cough or blow the nose to keep the Eustachian tubes clear.
d. Take antihistamines, antiemetics, and sedatives for recovery. - Answer-b. Avoid sudden head
movements or position changes.
After ear surgery, the patient should avoid sudden head movements or position changes. The patient
should not cough or blow the nose because this increases pressure in the Eustachian tube and middle
ear cavity and may disrupt healing. Airplane travel should be avoided at first as increased pressure and
ear popping is normally experienced, which will disrupt healing. Antihistamines, antiemetics, and
sedatives are used to decrease the symptoms of acute attacks of Ménière's disease.
When using the otoscope, the nurse is unable to see the landmarks or light reflex of the tympanic
membrane. The tympanic membrane is bulging and red. What does the nurse determine is most likely
occurring in the patient's ear?
a. Swimmer's ear
b. Acute otitis media
c. Impacted cerumen
d. Chronic otitis media - Answer-b. Acute otitis media
The manifestations of inability to see the landmarks or light reflex of the tympanic membrane and the
bulging and redness of the tympanic membrane are those of acute otitis media. With swimmer's ear and
Questions with Complete and Correct
Answers
A patient is recovering from a motor vehicle crash that resulted in blindness. The patient is withdrawn
and refuses to get out of bed. What is the nurse's priority goal for this patient?
a. Use suitable coping strategies to reduce stress.
b. Identify patient's strengths and support system.
c. Verbalize feelings related to visual impairment.
d. Transition successfully to the sudden vision loss. - Answer-c. Verbalize feelings related to visual
impairment.
The nurse's priority is to help the patient express his feelings about the vision loss resulting from the lack
of coping effectively with the situation. Until the patient expresses how they feel, they will be unable to
progress in the rehabilitation process.
The patient informs the nurse that he has a "sty" that has been present for some time on the upper
eyelid and reports using warm moist compresses with no improvement. What is the best response by
the nurse?
a. "Go to the pharmacy to get some eye drops."
,b. "Come in so the ophthalmologist can assess the lesion."
c. "The health care provider will need to inject it with an antibiotic."
d. "Wash the eyelid margins with baby shampoo to remove the crusting." - Answer-b. "Come in so the
ophthalmologist can assess the lesion."
A chalazion may evolve from a "sty" or hordeolum as it did for this patient. Initial treatment is with
warm compresses, but when they are ineffective, the lesion may be surgically removed or injected with
corticosteroids. Washing the eyelid margins with baby shampoo is done with blepharitis.
A patient is diagnosed with severe myopia. Which type of correction is the patient planning to have if
they state, "I can't wait to be able to see after they implant a contact lens over my lens"?
a. Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)
b. Phakic intraocular lenses (phakic IOLs)
c. Refractive intraocular lens (refractive IOL)
d. Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) - Answer-b. Phakic intraocular lenses (phakic IOLs)
Phakic intraocular lenses (phakic IOLs) is the implantation of a contact lens in front of the natural lens.
PRK is used with low to moderate amounts of myopia, and the epithelium is removed and the laser
sculpts the cornea to correct the refractive error. Refractive IOL is also for patients with a high degree of
myopia or hyperopia and involves removing the natural lens and implanting an intraocular lens. LASIK
surgery is similar to PRK except that the epithelium is replaced after surgery.
The nurse is teaching a patient with glaucoma about administration of pilocarpine. What statement is
important for the nurse to include during the instructions?
a. "Prolonged eye irritation is an expected adverse effect of this medication."
b. "This medication will help to raise intraocular pressure to a near normal level."
c. "This medication needs to be continued for at least 5 years after your initial diagnosis."
d. "It is important not to do activities requiring visual acuity immediately after administration." -
Answer-d. "It is important not to do activities requiring visual acuity immediately after administration."
, Pilocarpine causes blurred vision and difficulty in focusing, so it is important not to engage in any
activities requiring visual acuity until the vision clears. It should not cause prolonged eye irritation, and
this should be immediately reported to the prescribing care provider. This medication will decrease
intraocular pressure.
A patient with Ménière's disease had decompression of the endolymphatic sac to reduce the frequent
and incapacitating attacks being experienced. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching
for this patient?
a. Airplane travel will be more comfortable now.
b. Avoid sudden head movements or position changes.
c. Cough or blow the nose to keep the Eustachian tubes clear.
d. Take antihistamines, antiemetics, and sedatives for recovery. - Answer-b. Avoid sudden head
movements or position changes.
After ear surgery, the patient should avoid sudden head movements or position changes. The patient
should not cough or blow the nose because this increases pressure in the Eustachian tube and middle
ear cavity and may disrupt healing. Airplane travel should be avoided at first as increased pressure and
ear popping is normally experienced, which will disrupt healing. Antihistamines, antiemetics, and
sedatives are used to decrease the symptoms of acute attacks of Ménière's disease.
When using the otoscope, the nurse is unable to see the landmarks or light reflex of the tympanic
membrane. The tympanic membrane is bulging and red. What does the nurse determine is most likely
occurring in the patient's ear?
a. Swimmer's ear
b. Acute otitis media
c. Impacted cerumen
d. Chronic otitis media - Answer-b. Acute otitis media
The manifestations of inability to see the landmarks or light reflex of the tympanic membrane and the
bulging and redness of the tympanic membrane are those of acute otitis media. With swimmer's ear and
