©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Queen's University PSYC100 December
Exam Study Guide.
Rationalism - Answers✔pursuit of truth through logic and reason
Emerpiricism - Answers✔philosophical view that all knowledge is obtained through observable facts and
experiences
Psychophysics - Answers✔measure relationships between change in magnitude of stimulus to our
sensation of the changes in stimulus magnitude
Structuralism - Answers✔breaking complex phenomena down to their smallest components and then
study these components; like how matter is broken down into atoms
Functionalism - Answers✔examines behaviours, traits, and perceptions by asking "what are they for"
(influenced by Charles darwin and evolutionary)
Objectivity - Answers✔if its based on observable phenomena and is uninfluenced by emotions or
personal points of view
Empirical World - Answers✔describes things that are experienced by most individuals in a similar
manner
Steps in the scientific method - Answers✔1. formulate a hypothesis
2. design a study
3. collect the data
4. analyze the data
5. draw conclusions, develop new hypothesis and share findings.
Operational Definition - Answers✔Describes the operation that makes the concept observable and
therefore measureable
5 ways to collect data - Answers✔1. naturalistic observation
2. case study
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
3. survey
4. correlations tudy
5. experiements
naturalistic obervation - Answers✔collecting data in natural surroundings
case study - Answers✔examining individual participants
survery - Answers✔standardized set of questions
correlation study - Answers✔statistics that describe relationships between 2 variables
Subject expectancy effect (SEE) - Answers✔condition where experimental participants believes they
know what the experiments is looking for or have an expectation of what should happen
- effecting persons behaviour throughout experiments
double blind - Answers✔apart of "SEE"
mean of controlling for demand characteristics
Verification reviews - Answers✔use random assignments, ensures results are valid
random selection - Answers✔ensures validity so the partcipants don't habe the same tendecies, skewing
results
normal distribution - Answers✔distribution of data following a bell-shaped probability function
measures of central tendency - Answers✔mean, median and mode should be near identical in normal
distribution
how can testing variability be done in 2 ways - Answers✔1. range
2. standard deviation- extent to which each score differs from the mean
inferential statistics - Answers✔-used to determine what the data means
- determine how likely the results could have occurred due to change
correlation studies - Answers✔correlation coefficients range from r=+1.00 (perf +ve correlation) to -1.00
(perf -ve correlation)
multiple regression - Answers✔a sequence of calculations that corrects for their influences on the
dependant variable
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Queen's University PSYC100 December
Exam Study Guide.
Rationalism - Answers✔pursuit of truth through logic and reason
Emerpiricism - Answers✔philosophical view that all knowledge is obtained through observable facts and
experiences
Psychophysics - Answers✔measure relationships between change in magnitude of stimulus to our
sensation of the changes in stimulus magnitude
Structuralism - Answers✔breaking complex phenomena down to their smallest components and then
study these components; like how matter is broken down into atoms
Functionalism - Answers✔examines behaviours, traits, and perceptions by asking "what are they for"
(influenced by Charles darwin and evolutionary)
Objectivity - Answers✔if its based on observable phenomena and is uninfluenced by emotions or
personal points of view
Empirical World - Answers✔describes things that are experienced by most individuals in a similar
manner
Steps in the scientific method - Answers✔1. formulate a hypothesis
2. design a study
3. collect the data
4. analyze the data
5. draw conclusions, develop new hypothesis and share findings.
Operational Definition - Answers✔Describes the operation that makes the concept observable and
therefore measureable
5 ways to collect data - Answers✔1. naturalistic observation
2. case study
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
3. survey
4. correlations tudy
5. experiements
naturalistic obervation - Answers✔collecting data in natural surroundings
case study - Answers✔examining individual participants
survery - Answers✔standardized set of questions
correlation study - Answers✔statistics that describe relationships between 2 variables
Subject expectancy effect (SEE) - Answers✔condition where experimental participants believes they
know what the experiments is looking for or have an expectation of what should happen
- effecting persons behaviour throughout experiments
double blind - Answers✔apart of "SEE"
mean of controlling for demand characteristics
Verification reviews - Answers✔use random assignments, ensures results are valid
random selection - Answers✔ensures validity so the partcipants don't habe the same tendecies, skewing
results
normal distribution - Answers✔distribution of data following a bell-shaped probability function
measures of central tendency - Answers✔mean, median and mode should be near identical in normal
distribution
how can testing variability be done in 2 ways - Answers✔1. range
2. standard deviation- extent to which each score differs from the mean
inferential statistics - Answers✔-used to determine what the data means
- determine how likely the results could have occurred due to change
correlation studies - Answers✔correlation coefficients range from r=+1.00 (perf +ve correlation) to -1.00
(perf -ve correlation)
multiple regression - Answers✔a sequence of calculations that corrects for their influences on the
dependant variable
