A3 - Certified Vision Professional – Basic: Q’s And A’s
DCAM (IEEE 1394, Firewire) Right Ans - -invented by Apple (and IT) in the
late 1980s (called firewire)
-1394 has two flavors: 1394a and 1394b (1394b has double the bandwidth)
-cabling: 1394b has a different connecter
- 1394b: 800 Mb/s
EMVA 1288 Right Ans - -industry standard for measuring image quality of
digital cameras
-uses known set of conditions (lights, lenses, ect.)
-manufacturers report data in a agreed-upon format
CoaXPress Right Ans - -digital interface for high speed image transfer for
vision applications using 75 ohm coaxial cable
-Benefits: long cable length, high speed (6.25 Gb/s),
--good choice for data rates over 5 Gb/s, and for date rates over 1 Gb/s at long
distances
--plug and pay (Gen 1 cam, gen tl)
--digital video, control, GPIO, triggering, and power over one cable
GigE Vision Right Ans - -open frame work for transferring imaging data and
control signals between cameras and PCs over standard network connections
-no performance guarantee
-GigE Vision: 1 Gb/s
-10 GigE Vision: 10 Gb/s
USB 3 Vision Right Ans - -based off existing, well defined usb mechanisms
for device discovery, control, and image streaming
-builds off of experience with GigE Vision and other standards
-machine vision specific features
-variable-sized image/ data frames
-zero-copy transfers
-reliable recovery of errors conditions
-standardizing a screw-lock USB 3 connector
-3.5 Gb/s
Binary Morphology (Image processing) Right Ans - -extract and and alter
the structure of particles in a binary image
, -functions that remove unwanted info caused by the thresholding
--noise particles
--particles touching the border of an image
--particles touching each other
--particles with uneven borders
Spatial Noise Right Ans - -"fixed pattern noise"
-constant non-uniformities in the image caused by bad sensor design,
electrical noise, ect.
Spatial Filtering (Image processing) Right Ans - -examples: linear highpass,
linear lowpass, non-linear highpass, non-linear lowpass
-technique is used directly on pixels of the image
-averaging pixels and changing them, ranking pixels and changing them
Frequency Domian Filtering (Image processing) Right Ans - -used for
smoothing and sharpening of image by removal of high or low frequency
components
-all filtering that can be done in spatial filtering can also be done in frequency
domain
PMAG Right Ans - -primary magnification
-ratio between the sensor size and the FOV
Thresholding (Image processing) Right Ans - -converts each pixel in an
image to 0 or 1 accoring to the value of the original pixel
-helps extract significant structures in an image
Required Resolution Calculation Right Ans - -image pixel size = FOV/pixel
count
spatial calibration (Image processing) Right Ans - -corrects for lens and
perspective distortion
-allows the user to take real-world measurements from image based on pixel
locations
Do high speed applicaitons require discrete camera triggering to minimize
latency? Right Ans - True
DCAM (IEEE 1394, Firewire) Right Ans - -invented by Apple (and IT) in the
late 1980s (called firewire)
-1394 has two flavors: 1394a and 1394b (1394b has double the bandwidth)
-cabling: 1394b has a different connecter
- 1394b: 800 Mb/s
EMVA 1288 Right Ans - -industry standard for measuring image quality of
digital cameras
-uses known set of conditions (lights, lenses, ect.)
-manufacturers report data in a agreed-upon format
CoaXPress Right Ans - -digital interface for high speed image transfer for
vision applications using 75 ohm coaxial cable
-Benefits: long cable length, high speed (6.25 Gb/s),
--good choice for data rates over 5 Gb/s, and for date rates over 1 Gb/s at long
distances
--plug and pay (Gen 1 cam, gen tl)
--digital video, control, GPIO, triggering, and power over one cable
GigE Vision Right Ans - -open frame work for transferring imaging data and
control signals between cameras and PCs over standard network connections
-no performance guarantee
-GigE Vision: 1 Gb/s
-10 GigE Vision: 10 Gb/s
USB 3 Vision Right Ans - -based off existing, well defined usb mechanisms
for device discovery, control, and image streaming
-builds off of experience with GigE Vision and other standards
-machine vision specific features
-variable-sized image/ data frames
-zero-copy transfers
-reliable recovery of errors conditions
-standardizing a screw-lock USB 3 connector
-3.5 Gb/s
Binary Morphology (Image processing) Right Ans - -extract and and alter
the structure of particles in a binary image
, -functions that remove unwanted info caused by the thresholding
--noise particles
--particles touching the border of an image
--particles touching each other
--particles with uneven borders
Spatial Noise Right Ans - -"fixed pattern noise"
-constant non-uniformities in the image caused by bad sensor design,
electrical noise, ect.
Spatial Filtering (Image processing) Right Ans - -examples: linear highpass,
linear lowpass, non-linear highpass, non-linear lowpass
-technique is used directly on pixels of the image
-averaging pixels and changing them, ranking pixels and changing them
Frequency Domian Filtering (Image processing) Right Ans - -used for
smoothing and sharpening of image by removal of high or low frequency
components
-all filtering that can be done in spatial filtering can also be done in frequency
domain
PMAG Right Ans - -primary magnification
-ratio between the sensor size and the FOV
Thresholding (Image processing) Right Ans - -converts each pixel in an
image to 0 or 1 accoring to the value of the original pixel
-helps extract significant structures in an image
Required Resolution Calculation Right Ans - -image pixel size = FOV/pixel
count
spatial calibration (Image processing) Right Ans - -corrects for lens and
perspective distortion
-allows the user to take real-world measurements from image based on pixel
locations
Do high speed applicaitons require discrete camera triggering to minimize
latency? Right Ans - True
