Name: Score:
101 Multiple choice questions
Term 1 of 101
Definition of hay
Wet form of forage produced by harvesting fresh herbage and placing it in an anaerobic
environment (generally a silo) where it is allowed to ferment. Fermentation of sugars
produces organic acids (lactic) that lower the pH, essentially "pickling" the forage.
Commonly made from annual forages such as corn and forage sorghums.
Drier form of silage used to preserve forage plants such as alfalfa and perennial grasses
that are often difficult to ensile using conventional (direct-cut), high-moisture
techniques. Forage is generally swathed, allowed to wilt to about 45% moisture, and then
chopped and packed in silos.
Forage that is harvested, chopped, and fed directly to livestock on a daily basis
Dry form of forage produced by harvesting fresh herbage, field drying it to moisture
levels low enough to prevent microbial growth (spoilage), and packaging it in the form of
loose stacks or bales of various sizes and shapes.
Term 2 of 101
What can stimulate initiation in some grasses?
stems (culms), leaves, and roots
late fall or early spring
small application of N fertilizer
cellulose and hemicellulose
,Term 3 of 101
Legume plants are made up of a series of units called what?
lower
shoots
tillers
65 to 85%
Term 4 of 101
What happens when the growing point is removed or damaged after the transition phase on a
perennial grass?
Derived from CaCO3 (limestone), low in sodium, very productive soils
leaves and stems
stolons: above ground stems
rhizomes: below ground stems
Depends on your management objectives are, if you want volume then removing the
growing point is bad. If you want to graze the grass, removing the growing point allows
for better nutrient values since it's only growing leaves after growing point removal since
it causes the tiller to cease growth
Term 5 of 101
The optimum light levels for a C4 plant
High in organic matter, loams (a good mix of sand, silt, and clay)
higher
requires higher light levels for growth (do not become light saturated)
vegetative, transition ( jointing/elongation), seed filling
,Term 6 of 101
What is the difference between the taproot and the feeder roots on a legume?
These compounds are basic building blocks for other more complex carbohydrates
the taproot is the main fleshy root that can extend 4 to 6 feet into the soil, while the
feeder roots are finer and branch off from the taproot
cell contents are non structural chemical components, cell wall contents are structural
chemical components
pH, organic matter content, nitrate, phosphorus, potassium, soluble salts, micronutrients,
soil texture
Term 7 of 101
What makes an ideal agricultural soil?
High in organic matter, loams (a good mix of sand, silt, and clay)
requires higher light levels for growth (do not become light saturated)
Derived from CaCO3 (limestone), low in sodium, very productive soils
high in salts (chlorides and sulfates), low in sodium
Term 8 of 101
Give an example of a monosaccharide and a disaccharide
These compounds are basic building blocks for other more complex carbohydrates
Vegetation in varying states of decomposition
high in salts (chlorides and sulfates), low in sodium
monosaccharide: glucose, fructose
disaccharide: sucrose
, Term 9 of 101
The drought tolerance of a C3 plant
one
moderate light levels (can become light saturated)
higher
lower
Term 10 of 101
What is the optimum pH range for growth of most plants?
Narrow leaves with parallel veins, inconspicuous flowers
conventional hay: 10 to 20%
when preservatives are used: 20 to 30%
1/10 bloom stage
6 to 7.5
Term 11 of 101
What plant parts make up the series of tillers on a grass plant?
internode (expansion of the internode)
stems (culms), leaves, and roots
stolons: above ground stems
rhizomes: below ground stems
Amino acids and proteins
101 Multiple choice questions
Term 1 of 101
Definition of hay
Wet form of forage produced by harvesting fresh herbage and placing it in an anaerobic
environment (generally a silo) where it is allowed to ferment. Fermentation of sugars
produces organic acids (lactic) that lower the pH, essentially "pickling" the forage.
Commonly made from annual forages such as corn and forage sorghums.
Drier form of silage used to preserve forage plants such as alfalfa and perennial grasses
that are often difficult to ensile using conventional (direct-cut), high-moisture
techniques. Forage is generally swathed, allowed to wilt to about 45% moisture, and then
chopped and packed in silos.
Forage that is harvested, chopped, and fed directly to livestock on a daily basis
Dry form of forage produced by harvesting fresh herbage, field drying it to moisture
levels low enough to prevent microbial growth (spoilage), and packaging it in the form of
loose stacks or bales of various sizes and shapes.
Term 2 of 101
What can stimulate initiation in some grasses?
stems (culms), leaves, and roots
late fall or early spring
small application of N fertilizer
cellulose and hemicellulose
,Term 3 of 101
Legume plants are made up of a series of units called what?
lower
shoots
tillers
65 to 85%
Term 4 of 101
What happens when the growing point is removed or damaged after the transition phase on a
perennial grass?
Derived from CaCO3 (limestone), low in sodium, very productive soils
leaves and stems
stolons: above ground stems
rhizomes: below ground stems
Depends on your management objectives are, if you want volume then removing the
growing point is bad. If you want to graze the grass, removing the growing point allows
for better nutrient values since it's only growing leaves after growing point removal since
it causes the tiller to cease growth
Term 5 of 101
The optimum light levels for a C4 plant
High in organic matter, loams (a good mix of sand, silt, and clay)
higher
requires higher light levels for growth (do not become light saturated)
vegetative, transition ( jointing/elongation), seed filling
,Term 6 of 101
What is the difference between the taproot and the feeder roots on a legume?
These compounds are basic building blocks for other more complex carbohydrates
the taproot is the main fleshy root that can extend 4 to 6 feet into the soil, while the
feeder roots are finer and branch off from the taproot
cell contents are non structural chemical components, cell wall contents are structural
chemical components
pH, organic matter content, nitrate, phosphorus, potassium, soluble salts, micronutrients,
soil texture
Term 7 of 101
What makes an ideal agricultural soil?
High in organic matter, loams (a good mix of sand, silt, and clay)
requires higher light levels for growth (do not become light saturated)
Derived from CaCO3 (limestone), low in sodium, very productive soils
high in salts (chlorides and sulfates), low in sodium
Term 8 of 101
Give an example of a monosaccharide and a disaccharide
These compounds are basic building blocks for other more complex carbohydrates
Vegetation in varying states of decomposition
high in salts (chlorides and sulfates), low in sodium
monosaccharide: glucose, fructose
disaccharide: sucrose
, Term 9 of 101
The drought tolerance of a C3 plant
one
moderate light levels (can become light saturated)
higher
lower
Term 10 of 101
What is the optimum pH range for growth of most plants?
Narrow leaves with parallel veins, inconspicuous flowers
conventional hay: 10 to 20%
when preservatives are used: 20 to 30%
1/10 bloom stage
6 to 7.5
Term 11 of 101
What plant parts make up the series of tillers on a grass plant?
internode (expansion of the internode)
stems (culms), leaves, and roots
stolons: above ground stems
rhizomes: below ground stems
Amino acids and proteins
