CCJ 4614 Exam 1 With
Complete Solution
Normative perspective of deviant behavior - ANSWER sees deviance as
behavior that violates generally accepted norms
Situational perspective of deviant behavior - ANSWER focuses on social
situation surrounding the behavior in question
Deviant behavior - ANSWER behavior that violates norms, are not required to
be illegal
relationship between crime and deviance - ANSWER not static, changes over
time
culture - ANSWER body of widely shared customs and values which provide
general orientations toward life and specific ways of achieving common
goals
social organization - ANSWER provides the means for carrying out the
complex network of social interactions between individuals, social groups,
and institutions
social interactions - ANSWER organized by a complex set of social norms and
social roles
social norms - ANSWER generally agreed-upon guides for behavior that
provide boundaries for interpersonal relations
,two types of social norms - ANSWER expectational and behavioral
expectational norms - ANSWER ideal for people who are enacting a particular
social role or who are in a given social situation
behavioral norms - ANSWER refer to what persons typically do when
occupying a particular social role or in a given social situation
social roles - ANSWER defined by a set of social norms for the behavior of
individuals who occupy given statuses in society
situational approach to the defining of deviance (process) - ANSWER 1.
defining behaviors
2. labeling actors
3. responding to the label attached to actor
public condemnation - ANSWER level of such can serve as an indicator of the
severity of a deviant act; societal response dictates the extent of the behavior
formal controls for responding to criminal behavior - ANSWER official
sanctioning of norm violators (conviction, incarceration, etc.)
informal controls for responding to criminal behavior - ANSWER gossip,
ridicule, exclusion from group activities
William Graham's classification of social norms - ANSWER folkways
mores
laws
folkways - ANSWER everyday practices commonly observed within a given
culture (expected to be followed)
, mores - ANSWER norms that govern more important sociocultural behaviors
(offensive to violate)
laws - ANSWER the most serious form of social norms, used to respond to
criminal norm violations
patterned vs idiosyncratic social dimensions - ANSWER - geographically
scattered deviant behaviors can be carried out similarly by people who have
never met across geographical areas
- sociocultural and subcultural influences combine to increase the likelihood
of certain deviant, criminal, or aggressive behavior
- patterns of deviance can be institutionalized or patterned, embedding
themselves in sociocultural fabric (social facts or path dependence)
positive vs negative social dimensions - ANSWER - negative consequences on
people and society at large is why some acts are labeled deviant
- deviations from normative modes can bring about social change
- positive deviance = positive change
innovative vs routine social dimensions - ANSWER - innovative can be
positive (scientific breakthroughs) or negative (crime)
- routine: do not generally involve concerted effort
individual vs group deviance social dimensions - ANSWER - individual: lone
offender
- organized criminal activities
episodic vs chronic social dimensions - ANSWER - situational deviance:
confined to certain situations or more chronic; extreme situations can give
Complete Solution
Normative perspective of deviant behavior - ANSWER sees deviance as
behavior that violates generally accepted norms
Situational perspective of deviant behavior - ANSWER focuses on social
situation surrounding the behavior in question
Deviant behavior - ANSWER behavior that violates norms, are not required to
be illegal
relationship between crime and deviance - ANSWER not static, changes over
time
culture - ANSWER body of widely shared customs and values which provide
general orientations toward life and specific ways of achieving common
goals
social organization - ANSWER provides the means for carrying out the
complex network of social interactions between individuals, social groups,
and institutions
social interactions - ANSWER organized by a complex set of social norms and
social roles
social norms - ANSWER generally agreed-upon guides for behavior that
provide boundaries for interpersonal relations
,two types of social norms - ANSWER expectational and behavioral
expectational norms - ANSWER ideal for people who are enacting a particular
social role or who are in a given social situation
behavioral norms - ANSWER refer to what persons typically do when
occupying a particular social role or in a given social situation
social roles - ANSWER defined by a set of social norms for the behavior of
individuals who occupy given statuses in society
situational approach to the defining of deviance (process) - ANSWER 1.
defining behaviors
2. labeling actors
3. responding to the label attached to actor
public condemnation - ANSWER level of such can serve as an indicator of the
severity of a deviant act; societal response dictates the extent of the behavior
formal controls for responding to criminal behavior - ANSWER official
sanctioning of norm violators (conviction, incarceration, etc.)
informal controls for responding to criminal behavior - ANSWER gossip,
ridicule, exclusion from group activities
William Graham's classification of social norms - ANSWER folkways
mores
laws
folkways - ANSWER everyday practices commonly observed within a given
culture (expected to be followed)
, mores - ANSWER norms that govern more important sociocultural behaviors
(offensive to violate)
laws - ANSWER the most serious form of social norms, used to respond to
criminal norm violations
patterned vs idiosyncratic social dimensions - ANSWER - geographically
scattered deviant behaviors can be carried out similarly by people who have
never met across geographical areas
- sociocultural and subcultural influences combine to increase the likelihood
of certain deviant, criminal, or aggressive behavior
- patterns of deviance can be institutionalized or patterned, embedding
themselves in sociocultural fabric (social facts or path dependence)
positive vs negative social dimensions - ANSWER - negative consequences on
people and society at large is why some acts are labeled deviant
- deviations from normative modes can bring about social change
- positive deviance = positive change
innovative vs routine social dimensions - ANSWER - innovative can be
positive (scientific breakthroughs) or negative (crime)
- routine: do not generally involve concerted effort
individual vs group deviance social dimensions - ANSWER - individual: lone
offender
- organized criminal activities
episodic vs chronic social dimensions - ANSWER - situational deviance:
confined to certain situations or more chronic; extreme situations can give
