©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
HS 3400 Final Exam Questions With Correct
Answers
What policy issues does the bite of blood case adress? - answer✔- role of evidence
- framing of issues
- screening
- policy trade-offs
- cost-effectiveness analysis
- ethics (precautionary principle)
- federal-provincial roles and responsibilities
What is environmental health - answer✔the theory and practice of assessing, correcting,
controlling, and preventing those factors in the environment that can potentially affect
adversely the health of present and future generations
Naylor Report (2003) - answer✔- policy document related to the sars virus
- critical of public health practice and underfunded
1|Page
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
- said that sars won't be the only emerging infectious disease and that they're getting here
faster
West Nile Virus - answer✔- spread to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito (bridge
vector)
- became a disease of significance in 2003
- only serious is a small proportion of population (80% asymptomatic) - mostly older people
- the risk posed by vector species is the focus as to when we should do something and if its
worth it since few are affected
- climate and weather dependent
Framing of the West Nile Virus - answer✔- frame it from the perspective of testing and
screening
- nature of the condition
- risk to blood supply
- zero tolerance (precautionary principle)
- costs of doing something vs not doing something - places a dollar value on human life
precautionary principle - answer✔- the expectation in aspects of civil society
- if you think there is a possibility of harm there is an expectation to do something about it (eg.
drinking and driving or slips and falls and reducing those risks)
2|Page
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
- lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective
measures to prevent environmental degradation (can't be certain something bad won't
happen)
- engaging in advantageous behaviours rather than detrimental
- a useful tool in raising awareness and determining aspects of human culture that are and are
not sustainable
Precautionary principle; principles (5) - answer✔1. Proportionality - protection measures are in
proportion to the risks
2. Non-discrimination - comparable situations should be treated in the same way unless there
are grounds for doing so (eg. respond in same way for all people like men and women)
3. Consistency - measures should be of comparable scope/nature to those already taken in
similar areas where scientific data are available
4. Examining costs and benefits - comparing costs of an action and lack of action in both short
and long term; not just economic cost-benefit analysis
5. Subject to review - in light of new scientific data, the protection should be maintained (when
discover new info, need to still be flexible)
Precautionary principle in principle - answer✔- If hazards are well established and supported by
scientific evidence, precautionary action is almost always going to receive consensus support
(supported by population)
3|Page
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
HS 3400 Final Exam Questions With Correct
Answers
What policy issues does the bite of blood case adress? - answer✔- role of evidence
- framing of issues
- screening
- policy trade-offs
- cost-effectiveness analysis
- ethics (precautionary principle)
- federal-provincial roles and responsibilities
What is environmental health - answer✔the theory and practice of assessing, correcting,
controlling, and preventing those factors in the environment that can potentially affect
adversely the health of present and future generations
Naylor Report (2003) - answer✔- policy document related to the sars virus
- critical of public health practice and underfunded
1|Page
, ©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
- said that sars won't be the only emerging infectious disease and that they're getting here
faster
West Nile Virus - answer✔- spread to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito (bridge
vector)
- became a disease of significance in 2003
- only serious is a small proportion of population (80% asymptomatic) - mostly older people
- the risk posed by vector species is the focus as to when we should do something and if its
worth it since few are affected
- climate and weather dependent
Framing of the West Nile Virus - answer✔- frame it from the perspective of testing and
screening
- nature of the condition
- risk to blood supply
- zero tolerance (precautionary principle)
- costs of doing something vs not doing something - places a dollar value on human life
precautionary principle - answer✔- the expectation in aspects of civil society
- if you think there is a possibility of harm there is an expectation to do something about it (eg.
drinking and driving or slips and falls and reducing those risks)
2|Page
, ©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
- lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective
measures to prevent environmental degradation (can't be certain something bad won't
happen)
- engaging in advantageous behaviours rather than detrimental
- a useful tool in raising awareness and determining aspects of human culture that are and are
not sustainable
Precautionary principle; principles (5) - answer✔1. Proportionality - protection measures are in
proportion to the risks
2. Non-discrimination - comparable situations should be treated in the same way unless there
are grounds for doing so (eg. respond in same way for all people like men and women)
3. Consistency - measures should be of comparable scope/nature to those already taken in
similar areas where scientific data are available
4. Examining costs and benefits - comparing costs of an action and lack of action in both short
and long term; not just economic cost-benefit analysis
5. Subject to review - in light of new scientific data, the protection should be maintained (when
discover new info, need to still be flexible)
Precautionary principle in principle - answer✔- If hazards are well established and supported by
scientific evidence, precautionary action is almost always going to receive consensus support
(supported by population)
3|Page
