©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
ERTH 111 Exam Study Guide.
Felsic - answer✔light colored, low density minerals, forms last at low temperatures
Mafic - answer✔dark colored, higher density minerals
Form First at high temperatures
Intermediate - answer✔between felsic and mafic
Ultramafic - answer✔90% mafic minerals
Slate - answer✔Flat, dull layers, metamorphic. Protolith: Shale
Phyllite - answer✔Metamorphic, wavy, shiny layers Protolith:Slate
Schist - answer✔Metamorphic, wavy layers with visible minerals Protolith: Phyllite
Gnessis - answer✔metamorphic: alternating layers of dark and light minerals Protolith: Schist or
Granite/Diorite
Marble - answer✔Metamorphic, Recrystallized calcite Protolith: Limestone
Quartzite - answer✔Metamorphic: Recrystallized Quartz Protolith:Sandstone
1|Page
, ©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Coal - answer✔sedimentary rock formed from decayed plant material; the world's most
abundant fossil fuel
Coquina - answer✔A sedimentary rock made from fossilized seashells stuck together.
Chalk - answer✔forms from compaction of cocoliths
Mud - answer✔Sedimentary, too small too see individual particles, Made from mudstone or
shale (layered mudstone)
Sand - answer✔Sedimentary, small individual particles, from sandstone
Gravel - answer✔Sedimentary, large individual particles, made from conglomerate
Boulders - answer✔sedimentary, massive individual particles, made from Breccia
Basalt (Ocean Crust) - answer✔Mafic, Volcanic Igneous Rock
Gabbro - answer✔Mafic, Plutonic Igneous rock
Andesite - answer✔Intermediate Volcanic Igneous Rock
Diorite - answer✔Intermediate, Plutonic Igneous Rock
Rhyolite,Obsidian, and Pumice - answer✔Felsic Volcanic Igneous Rock
Granite - answer✔Felsic Plutonic Igneous Rock
Divergent Plates - answer✔Two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other (Seafloor
Spreading at ridges)
2|Page
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
ERTH 111 Exam Study Guide.
Felsic - answer✔light colored, low density minerals, forms last at low temperatures
Mafic - answer✔dark colored, higher density minerals
Form First at high temperatures
Intermediate - answer✔between felsic and mafic
Ultramafic - answer✔90% mafic minerals
Slate - answer✔Flat, dull layers, metamorphic. Protolith: Shale
Phyllite - answer✔Metamorphic, wavy, shiny layers Protolith:Slate
Schist - answer✔Metamorphic, wavy layers with visible minerals Protolith: Phyllite
Gnessis - answer✔metamorphic: alternating layers of dark and light minerals Protolith: Schist or
Granite/Diorite
Marble - answer✔Metamorphic, Recrystallized calcite Protolith: Limestone
Quartzite - answer✔Metamorphic: Recrystallized Quartz Protolith:Sandstone
1|Page
, ©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Coal - answer✔sedimentary rock formed from decayed plant material; the world's most
abundant fossil fuel
Coquina - answer✔A sedimentary rock made from fossilized seashells stuck together.
Chalk - answer✔forms from compaction of cocoliths
Mud - answer✔Sedimentary, too small too see individual particles, Made from mudstone or
shale (layered mudstone)
Sand - answer✔Sedimentary, small individual particles, from sandstone
Gravel - answer✔Sedimentary, large individual particles, made from conglomerate
Boulders - answer✔sedimentary, massive individual particles, made from Breccia
Basalt (Ocean Crust) - answer✔Mafic, Volcanic Igneous Rock
Gabbro - answer✔Mafic, Plutonic Igneous rock
Andesite - answer✔Intermediate Volcanic Igneous Rock
Diorite - answer✔Intermediate, Plutonic Igneous Rock
Rhyolite,Obsidian, and Pumice - answer✔Felsic Volcanic Igneous Rock
Granite - answer✔Felsic Plutonic Igneous Rock
Divergent Plates - answer✔Two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other (Seafloor
Spreading at ridges)
2|Page
