©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
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BME 2800 Midterm 2 Exam Study Guide.
Skeletal muscle - answer✔striated and voluntary, well organized
Cardiac muscle - answer✔Involuntary heart muscle, bifurcated organization
smooth muscle - answer✔no striations, involuntary
Skeletal muscle functions - answer✔produce movement, maintain posture, stabilize joints,
generate heat
fascicle - answer✔bundle of muscle fibers
muscle fiber - answer✔elongated multinucleate cell
unit cell of a muscle
myofibril - answer✔tightly packed filament bundles that occupy most of the cell volume
sarcomere - answer✔segment of myofibril, contracts muscle
myofillament - answer✔type 1: Thick, bundled myosin molecules
type 2: thin, actin molecules
M line band - answer✔the center of the A band, at midline of sarcomere
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, ©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
A-band - answer✔dark area; extends length of the thick filaments(myosin)
I-band - answer✔thin filaments only(actin and titin)
Z-line - answer✔actin filaments are attached in a striated muscle fiber
marks the boundaries between adjacent sarcomeres.
role of tropomyosin on thin-actin filaments - answer✔block myosin head interaction with the
actin binding sites thus inhibiting contraction
how do muscle cells contract - answer✔Calcium binds to troponin
cross bridge cycle - answer✔repeated sequential interactions between myosin and actin
filaments at cross-bridges that cause a muscle fiber to contract
Cross bridge cycle steps - answer✔1. Binding of myosin to actin
ATP attached to myosin head(at rest)
2. Power Stroke: due ATP hydrolysis myosin head pivots forward, P is then released, leaving
ADP
3. returns to rigor(low energy)
2|Page
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
BME 2800 Midterm 2 Exam Study Guide.
Skeletal muscle - answer✔striated and voluntary, well organized
Cardiac muscle - answer✔Involuntary heart muscle, bifurcated organization
smooth muscle - answer✔no striations, involuntary
Skeletal muscle functions - answer✔produce movement, maintain posture, stabilize joints,
generate heat
fascicle - answer✔bundle of muscle fibers
muscle fiber - answer✔elongated multinucleate cell
unit cell of a muscle
myofibril - answer✔tightly packed filament bundles that occupy most of the cell volume
sarcomere - answer✔segment of myofibril, contracts muscle
myofillament - answer✔type 1: Thick, bundled myosin molecules
type 2: thin, actin molecules
M line band - answer✔the center of the A band, at midline of sarcomere
1|Page
, ©BRAINBARTER EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
A-band - answer✔dark area; extends length of the thick filaments(myosin)
I-band - answer✔thin filaments only(actin and titin)
Z-line - answer✔actin filaments are attached in a striated muscle fiber
marks the boundaries between adjacent sarcomeres.
role of tropomyosin on thin-actin filaments - answer✔block myosin head interaction with the
actin binding sites thus inhibiting contraction
how do muscle cells contract - answer✔Calcium binds to troponin
cross bridge cycle - answer✔repeated sequential interactions between myosin and actin
filaments at cross-bridges that cause a muscle fiber to contract
Cross bridge cycle steps - answer✔1. Binding of myosin to actin
ATP attached to myosin head(at rest)
2. Power Stroke: due ATP hydrolysis myosin head pivots forward, P is then released, leaving
ADP
3. returns to rigor(low energy)
2|Page
