Pool Operator Exam: Pool Operator Exam Study Guide:
Questions & Answers
whole range chlorine in a pool: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:1, 5
ideal range chlorine in a pool: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:2, 4
whole range chlorine in a spa: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:2, 10
ideal range chlorine in a spa: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:3, 5
4 types of solid chlorine - ANSWER:calcium hypochlorite, lithium hypochlorite, trichlor, dichlor
liquid chlorine - ANSWER:sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)
how active is gas chlorine - ANSWER:100%
the active killing form of chlorine in water - ANSWER:hypochlorous acid (HOCl)
HOCl = ______ - ANSWER:H+ (hydrogen ion) + OCl- (hypochlorite ion)
most common granular chlorine (pH range) - ANSWER:calcium hypochlorite (8.5 - 11, used to super
chlorinate water)
not common form of chlorine due to low active strength (pH) - ANSWER:lithium hypochlorite (10.8)
tablet/stick chlorine usually used in erosion feeder (pH - what will it do?) - ANSWER:trichlor (2.8 - 3.5,
lower alkalinity and pH over time)
salt used as a disinfectant (pH) - ANSWER:dichlor (6.7 - common in vinyl lined pools)
most common type of chlorine used (pH) - ANSWER:sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl - 13)
______ needs special training to use and has a pH of ____ and will _____ when added to water -
ANSWER:gas chlorine, 0, lower pH
chlorine is most effective as a pH of _____ - ANSWER:7.5
active disinfectant in the water - ANSWER:free chlorine (FC)
FC is determined by the ______ test and is maintained between ____ and ____ ppm - ANSWER:DPD, 2, 4
equal to the amount of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and the amt of hypochlorite ions (OCl-) - ANSWER:free
chlorine (fc)
the result of free chlorine reacting with organic compounds - ANSWER:combine chlorine (CC)
common name and max for pools and spas for combine chlorine - ANSWER:chloramines, 0.2, 0.5
CC = - ANSWER:TC - FC
what will a DPD measure - ANSWER:TC, FC
, how much CC should a pool have ideally - ANSWER:zero
shocking the pool is also called - ANSWER:breakpoint chlorination
breakpoint chlorination is the conversion of ________ into ______ - ANSWER:combine chlorine, nitrogen
gas
breakpoint chlorination equation - ANSWER:BPC = 10 x CC [BPC = 10 x (TC - FC)]
whole cyanuric acid range: _____ to ______ppm - ANSWER:0, 100
ideal cyanuric acid range: _____ to ______ ppm - ANSWER:30, 50
acts as a protection for chlorine compounds from UV light - ANSWER:cyanuric acid
CyA will act as a stabilizer for _______ but does not
stabilize ________ - ANSWER:free chlorine, bromine
The only way to reduce CyA concentration is to _______ - ANSWER:dilute the water and replace it
whole range of bromine: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:2, 10
ideal range of bromine: _____ to ______ - ANSWER:4, 6
second most common disinfectant in the pool - ANSWER:bromine
two types of bromine used - ANSWER:sodium bromide, solid bromide
Bromine in natural form is a ______ but is in _____ form when
added to pools - ANSWER:reddish brown liquid, solid
__________ is similar to hypochlorous acid - ANSWER:hypobromous acid
bromine releases _____ and _____ when added to water - ANSWER:hypobromite ion, hydrogen ion
bromine will ______ pH when added to water - ANSWER:lower
whole range of pH: ____to_____ - ANSWER:7.2, 7.8
ideal range of pH: ____ to ____ - ANSWER:7.4, 7.6
things that influence pH (6) - ANSWER:swimmer waste, disinfectants, water source, air borne debris,
chemical balance, evaporation
low pH leads to (3) - ANSWER:corrosive water, surface staining, surface etching
if you have low pH, you must add - ANSWER:soda ash (caustic soda - sodium carbonate)
high pH leads to (5) - ANSWER:scaling water, cloudy water, clogged filters, reduced circulation, eye/skin
irritation
if you have high pH, you must add ____ or _____ - ANSWER:muriatic acid, sodium bisulfate
whole range of total alkalinity: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:60, 180
Questions & Answers
whole range chlorine in a pool: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:1, 5
ideal range chlorine in a pool: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:2, 4
whole range chlorine in a spa: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:2, 10
ideal range chlorine in a spa: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:3, 5
4 types of solid chlorine - ANSWER:calcium hypochlorite, lithium hypochlorite, trichlor, dichlor
liquid chlorine - ANSWER:sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)
how active is gas chlorine - ANSWER:100%
the active killing form of chlorine in water - ANSWER:hypochlorous acid (HOCl)
HOCl = ______ - ANSWER:H+ (hydrogen ion) + OCl- (hypochlorite ion)
most common granular chlorine (pH range) - ANSWER:calcium hypochlorite (8.5 - 11, used to super
chlorinate water)
not common form of chlorine due to low active strength (pH) - ANSWER:lithium hypochlorite (10.8)
tablet/stick chlorine usually used in erosion feeder (pH - what will it do?) - ANSWER:trichlor (2.8 - 3.5,
lower alkalinity and pH over time)
salt used as a disinfectant (pH) - ANSWER:dichlor (6.7 - common in vinyl lined pools)
most common type of chlorine used (pH) - ANSWER:sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl - 13)
______ needs special training to use and has a pH of ____ and will _____ when added to water -
ANSWER:gas chlorine, 0, lower pH
chlorine is most effective as a pH of _____ - ANSWER:7.5
active disinfectant in the water - ANSWER:free chlorine (FC)
FC is determined by the ______ test and is maintained between ____ and ____ ppm - ANSWER:DPD, 2, 4
equal to the amount of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and the amt of hypochlorite ions (OCl-) - ANSWER:free
chlorine (fc)
the result of free chlorine reacting with organic compounds - ANSWER:combine chlorine (CC)
common name and max for pools and spas for combine chlorine - ANSWER:chloramines, 0.2, 0.5
CC = - ANSWER:TC - FC
what will a DPD measure - ANSWER:TC, FC
, how much CC should a pool have ideally - ANSWER:zero
shocking the pool is also called - ANSWER:breakpoint chlorination
breakpoint chlorination is the conversion of ________ into ______ - ANSWER:combine chlorine, nitrogen
gas
breakpoint chlorination equation - ANSWER:BPC = 10 x CC [BPC = 10 x (TC - FC)]
whole cyanuric acid range: _____ to ______ppm - ANSWER:0, 100
ideal cyanuric acid range: _____ to ______ ppm - ANSWER:30, 50
acts as a protection for chlorine compounds from UV light - ANSWER:cyanuric acid
CyA will act as a stabilizer for _______ but does not
stabilize ________ - ANSWER:free chlorine, bromine
The only way to reduce CyA concentration is to _______ - ANSWER:dilute the water and replace it
whole range of bromine: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:2, 10
ideal range of bromine: _____ to ______ - ANSWER:4, 6
second most common disinfectant in the pool - ANSWER:bromine
two types of bromine used - ANSWER:sodium bromide, solid bromide
Bromine in natural form is a ______ but is in _____ form when
added to pools - ANSWER:reddish brown liquid, solid
__________ is similar to hypochlorous acid - ANSWER:hypobromous acid
bromine releases _____ and _____ when added to water - ANSWER:hypobromite ion, hydrogen ion
bromine will ______ pH when added to water - ANSWER:lower
whole range of pH: ____to_____ - ANSWER:7.2, 7.8
ideal range of pH: ____ to ____ - ANSWER:7.4, 7.6
things that influence pH (6) - ANSWER:swimmer waste, disinfectants, water source, air borne debris,
chemical balance, evaporation
low pH leads to (3) - ANSWER:corrosive water, surface staining, surface etching
if you have low pH, you must add - ANSWER:soda ash (caustic soda - sodium carbonate)
high pH leads to (5) - ANSWER:scaling water, cloudy water, clogged filters, reduced circulation, eye/skin
irritation
if you have high pH, you must add ____ or _____ - ANSWER:muriatic acid, sodium bisulfate
whole range of total alkalinity: ____ to _____ - ANSWER:60, 180
