CPO Study Guide: Certified Paraoptometric (CPO) Exam
Just in Time (JIT) - ANSWER:A strategy to improve a business return on investment.
Return on Investment (ROI) - ANSWER:A measurement of success of a project; the percent of profit
earned on an investment.
An optometrist is licensed by which governing body: - ANSWER:State
The person generally responsible for grinding or duplicating lenses is the: - ANSWER:Optician
A doctor of medicine specializing in surgery is an: - ANSWER:Ophthalmologist
Ophthalmic Medical Personnel can do all BUT - ANSWER:Offer medical diagnoses
A person who collects patient data, administers tests of the patient's visual capabilities, and assists in
office management would be best described as a/an - ANSWER:Paraoptometric
Which is not a part of implementing HIPAA? - ANSWER:Unlimited PHI disclosure for staff developing
crisis.
Which is not required for documentation of released PHI? - ANSWER:Age, name, password
Ciliary Muscle - ANSWER:The muscle inside of the eyeball that alters the shape of the crystalline lens. It
has direct control over the focusing ability of the eye.
Medial Rectus - ANSWER:The most powerful of the extraocular muscles. Turns the eye toward the nose.
Inferior Rectus - ANSWER:Its primary action is to turn the eye downward.
Lateral Rectus - ANSWER:Its only action is to move the eyes away from the nose.
Superior Rectus - ANSWER:Its primary action is to move the eye upward.
Superior Oblique - ANSWER:Rotates eye down and inward
Inferior Oblique - ANSWER:Rotates eye up and outward
Anterior Chamber - ANSWER:The area inside the eye, behind the cornea, and in front of the iris.
Aqueous humor - ANSWER:a clear, watery fluid produced by the ciliary body. It provides nutrients for the
lens and posterior cornea.
Choroid - ANSWER:Sandwiched between the sclera and the retina. This nourishes the retina.
Conjunctiva - ANSWER:clear, cellophane-like tissue that covers the sclera and the inside surface of the
eyelids.
Fovea Centralis - ANSWER:Area in the macula where visual acuity is the sharpest.
Macula - ANSWER:The central part of the retina, which is used for seeing detail.
, Posterior Chamber - ANSWER:The area behind the iris and in front of the lens.
Rods - ANSWER:Photoreceptors that provide black/white vision and are the most sensitive.
Cones - ANSWER:Photoreceptors responsible for color vision and for clear central vision.
Sclera - ANSWER:The white portion of the eye made up of a tough, fibrous tissue that gives shape and
structure to the eyeball.
Vitreous Humor - ANSWER:A thick, clear, jelly-like substance that fills the eye between the lens and the
retina. This serves to support the retina and helps keep the eye round.
Ocular Adnexa - ANSWER:The adjacent structures of the eye, such as eyelids, lashes, eyebrows, lacrimal
apparatus, tarsal plates, orbit, extraocular muscles and conjunctiva.
Sinuses - ANSWER:Air spaces within the bones.
Lacrimal Gland - ANSWER:The gland that supplies most of the tears to the eye.
Lacrimal Duct - ANSWER:The drainage system for tears.
Nasolacrimal Duct - ANSWER:The drainage system for the tears to leave the eye.
Amblyopia - ANSWER:A loss of vision in one or both eyes.
Aphakia - ANSWER:When a cataract progress to the degree that it interferes with vision, the crystalline
lens can be surgically removed.
Absence of the lens in the eye.
Chalazion - ANSWER:As the inflammation resolves in a hordeolum, it will sometimes leave a granuloma
(small lump).
Blepharitis - ANSWER:Inflammation of the lid margin.
Diabetic Retinopathy - ANSWER:Due to poor blood circulation that occurs with diabetes mellitus, new
blood vessel growth often develops in the retina.
Esotropia - ANSWER:A form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward.
Flashes or floaters - ANSWER:Caused by mechanical stimulation of the nerves in the retina.
Glaucoma - ANSWER:A condition in which the optic nerve is damaged from increased ocular pressure.
Hordeolum - ANSWER:Commonly known as a stye, occurs when pores in the eyelid become blocked and
inflamed. This essentially is a "pimple" in the eyelid.
Keratoconus - ANSWER:The cornea thins and bulges forward.
Nystagmus - ANSWER:A vision condition in which the eyes make repetitive, uncontrolled movements,
often resulting in reduced vision.
Pinguecula - ANSWER:A thickening of the connective tissue on the sides of the cornea (3 and 9 o'clock).
Just in Time (JIT) - ANSWER:A strategy to improve a business return on investment.
Return on Investment (ROI) - ANSWER:A measurement of success of a project; the percent of profit
earned on an investment.
An optometrist is licensed by which governing body: - ANSWER:State
The person generally responsible for grinding or duplicating lenses is the: - ANSWER:Optician
A doctor of medicine specializing in surgery is an: - ANSWER:Ophthalmologist
Ophthalmic Medical Personnel can do all BUT - ANSWER:Offer medical diagnoses
A person who collects patient data, administers tests of the patient's visual capabilities, and assists in
office management would be best described as a/an - ANSWER:Paraoptometric
Which is not a part of implementing HIPAA? - ANSWER:Unlimited PHI disclosure for staff developing
crisis.
Which is not required for documentation of released PHI? - ANSWER:Age, name, password
Ciliary Muscle - ANSWER:The muscle inside of the eyeball that alters the shape of the crystalline lens. It
has direct control over the focusing ability of the eye.
Medial Rectus - ANSWER:The most powerful of the extraocular muscles. Turns the eye toward the nose.
Inferior Rectus - ANSWER:Its primary action is to turn the eye downward.
Lateral Rectus - ANSWER:Its only action is to move the eyes away from the nose.
Superior Rectus - ANSWER:Its primary action is to move the eye upward.
Superior Oblique - ANSWER:Rotates eye down and inward
Inferior Oblique - ANSWER:Rotates eye up and outward
Anterior Chamber - ANSWER:The area inside the eye, behind the cornea, and in front of the iris.
Aqueous humor - ANSWER:a clear, watery fluid produced by the ciliary body. It provides nutrients for the
lens and posterior cornea.
Choroid - ANSWER:Sandwiched between the sclera and the retina. This nourishes the retina.
Conjunctiva - ANSWER:clear, cellophane-like tissue that covers the sclera and the inside surface of the
eyelids.
Fovea Centralis - ANSWER:Area in the macula where visual acuity is the sharpest.
Macula - ANSWER:The central part of the retina, which is used for seeing detail.
, Posterior Chamber - ANSWER:The area behind the iris and in front of the lens.
Rods - ANSWER:Photoreceptors that provide black/white vision and are the most sensitive.
Cones - ANSWER:Photoreceptors responsible for color vision and for clear central vision.
Sclera - ANSWER:The white portion of the eye made up of a tough, fibrous tissue that gives shape and
structure to the eyeball.
Vitreous Humor - ANSWER:A thick, clear, jelly-like substance that fills the eye between the lens and the
retina. This serves to support the retina and helps keep the eye round.
Ocular Adnexa - ANSWER:The adjacent structures of the eye, such as eyelids, lashes, eyebrows, lacrimal
apparatus, tarsal plates, orbit, extraocular muscles and conjunctiva.
Sinuses - ANSWER:Air spaces within the bones.
Lacrimal Gland - ANSWER:The gland that supplies most of the tears to the eye.
Lacrimal Duct - ANSWER:The drainage system for tears.
Nasolacrimal Duct - ANSWER:The drainage system for the tears to leave the eye.
Amblyopia - ANSWER:A loss of vision in one or both eyes.
Aphakia - ANSWER:When a cataract progress to the degree that it interferes with vision, the crystalline
lens can be surgically removed.
Absence of the lens in the eye.
Chalazion - ANSWER:As the inflammation resolves in a hordeolum, it will sometimes leave a granuloma
(small lump).
Blepharitis - ANSWER:Inflammation of the lid margin.
Diabetic Retinopathy - ANSWER:Due to poor blood circulation that occurs with diabetes mellitus, new
blood vessel growth often develops in the retina.
Esotropia - ANSWER:A form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward.
Flashes or floaters - ANSWER:Caused by mechanical stimulation of the nerves in the retina.
Glaucoma - ANSWER:A condition in which the optic nerve is damaged from increased ocular pressure.
Hordeolum - ANSWER:Commonly known as a stye, occurs when pores in the eyelid become blocked and
inflamed. This essentially is a "pimple" in the eyelid.
Keratoconus - ANSWER:The cornea thins and bulges forward.
Nystagmus - ANSWER:A vision condition in which the eyes make repetitive, uncontrolled movements,
often resulting in reduced vision.
Pinguecula - ANSWER:A thickening of the connective tissue on the sides of the cornea (3 and 9 o'clock).
