Pathfinder - HLZ (Day 7 Test) // KW
UPDATED Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What are the seven selection factors that are part of the technical considerations of choosing a
HLZ site? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1. Size of HLP (helicopter landing point)
2. Landing Formations
3. Surface Conditions
4. Obstacles
5. Approach and Departure Routes
6. Atmospheric Conditions
7. Type of Load
What factors contribute to the process of HLZ site selection? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1.
Tactical Considerations (METT-TC)
2. Technical Considerations (Seven Selection Factors)
How is the Size of HLP determined? - CORRECT ANSWER- Decided by the AVN unit
CDR based on:
-Size/type of AC
-Pilot/unit proficiency
-Day or night
-Atmospheric conditions
What are the standard aircraft formations? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1. Trail
2. Staggered Trail Left (STL)
3. Staggered Trail Right (STR)
4. Echelon Left (EL)
5. Echelon Right (ER)
,6. Heavy Left (HL)
7. Heavy Right (HR)
8. Diamond - MOST SECURED
9. Vee
What is the distance between aircraft in flight? - CORRECT ANSWER- Day - 2 to 3 rotor
disks
Night - 3 to 5 rotor disks
What surface conditions are ideal for landing? - CORRECT ANSWER- Firm enough to
support the weight of the AC and free of loose sand, snow or debris
What will never contain an obstacle? - CORRECT ANSWER- A landing point
What is an obstacle? - CORRECT ANSWER- Anything that is 18" high, wide or deep.
--Ground slope can be considered an obstacle
What do you do to obstacles? - CORRECT ANSWER- Four R's:
-Remove
-Reduce
-Red (mark in RED)
-Radio (advise the pilot)
With regard to slope, how do you land the aircraft? - CORRECT ANSWER- NEVER on a
down slope
-Attempt to land on up-slope or side-slope
What are the ground slope restrictions? - CORRECT ANSWER- <7 degrees = any AC can
land
, >7 = AC with skids (OH & UH) must terminate at a hover
7< slope <15 = wheeled AC (larger UH & CH) given advisory
How do you calculate slope and what is the round procedure? When is it accurate? - CORRECT
ANSWER- SLOPE = (difference in elevation / horizontal distance) x 57.3
-SAME UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
--Always round UP to nearest whole number
---Accurate under 20 degrees
What is the land heading? / How do you want to land? - CORRECT ANSWER- Approaches
are made along the long axis of the HLS over the lowest obstacle and INTO the wind.
Who has the authority to reduce the obstacle ratio? - CORRECT ANSWER- With the
authority of the AVN CDR, then the GUC, pathfinders can decrease the obstacle ratio to 5:1
What are the buffer zones for an HLZ? - CORRECT ANSWER- 10m on each side, plus a
10:1 (5:1 if reduced) obstacle buffer zone
-At least 100m (unless reduced to 50m)
What wind is needed to land an AC? - CORRECT ANSWER- Ideally, there is a headwind
(45 degrees left or right of the land heading)
-Crosswind can be 0-9kts
-Tailwind can be 0-5kts
Why are Atmospheric Conditions considered? - CORRECT ANSWER- DENSITY
ALTITUDE: affects the ACL and is comprised of:
1. Humidity
2. Altitude
3. Temperature
UPDATED Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What are the seven selection factors that are part of the technical considerations of choosing a
HLZ site? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1. Size of HLP (helicopter landing point)
2. Landing Formations
3. Surface Conditions
4. Obstacles
5. Approach and Departure Routes
6. Atmospheric Conditions
7. Type of Load
What factors contribute to the process of HLZ site selection? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1.
Tactical Considerations (METT-TC)
2. Technical Considerations (Seven Selection Factors)
How is the Size of HLP determined? - CORRECT ANSWER- Decided by the AVN unit
CDR based on:
-Size/type of AC
-Pilot/unit proficiency
-Day or night
-Atmospheric conditions
What are the standard aircraft formations? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1. Trail
2. Staggered Trail Left (STL)
3. Staggered Trail Right (STR)
4. Echelon Left (EL)
5. Echelon Right (ER)
,6. Heavy Left (HL)
7. Heavy Right (HR)
8. Diamond - MOST SECURED
9. Vee
What is the distance between aircraft in flight? - CORRECT ANSWER- Day - 2 to 3 rotor
disks
Night - 3 to 5 rotor disks
What surface conditions are ideal for landing? - CORRECT ANSWER- Firm enough to
support the weight of the AC and free of loose sand, snow or debris
What will never contain an obstacle? - CORRECT ANSWER- A landing point
What is an obstacle? - CORRECT ANSWER- Anything that is 18" high, wide or deep.
--Ground slope can be considered an obstacle
What do you do to obstacles? - CORRECT ANSWER- Four R's:
-Remove
-Reduce
-Red (mark in RED)
-Radio (advise the pilot)
With regard to slope, how do you land the aircraft? - CORRECT ANSWER- NEVER on a
down slope
-Attempt to land on up-slope or side-slope
What are the ground slope restrictions? - CORRECT ANSWER- <7 degrees = any AC can
land
, >7 = AC with skids (OH & UH) must terminate at a hover
7< slope <15 = wheeled AC (larger UH & CH) given advisory
How do you calculate slope and what is the round procedure? When is it accurate? - CORRECT
ANSWER- SLOPE = (difference in elevation / horizontal distance) x 57.3
-SAME UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
--Always round UP to nearest whole number
---Accurate under 20 degrees
What is the land heading? / How do you want to land? - CORRECT ANSWER- Approaches
are made along the long axis of the HLS over the lowest obstacle and INTO the wind.
Who has the authority to reduce the obstacle ratio? - CORRECT ANSWER- With the
authority of the AVN CDR, then the GUC, pathfinders can decrease the obstacle ratio to 5:1
What are the buffer zones for an HLZ? - CORRECT ANSWER- 10m on each side, plus a
10:1 (5:1 if reduced) obstacle buffer zone
-At least 100m (unless reduced to 50m)
What wind is needed to land an AC? - CORRECT ANSWER- Ideally, there is a headwind
(45 degrees left or right of the land heading)
-Crosswind can be 0-9kts
-Tailwind can be 0-5kts
Why are Atmospheric Conditions considered? - CORRECT ANSWER- DENSITY
ALTITUDE: affects the ACL and is comprised of:
1. Humidity
2. Altitude
3. Temperature
