Chemistry: Final Exam Review with
Accurate Solutions
How many valence electrons are in an atom of chlorine? - correct answer-7
How many valence electrons does aluminum have? - correct answer-3
Define Reaction Rate - correct answer-The decrease in concentration of reactants or
the increase in concentration of products with time.
How does increasing temperature affect the rate of reaction? - correct answer-
Increasing temperature causes the kinetic energy to increase. Thus, molecules are
moving faster and colliding more frequently. This causes the rate of reaction to incrase.
If I decrease the concentration of reactant, what happens to the rate of reaction? -
correct answer-Decreasing concentration leads to less reactants available for collision.
Therefore, reaction rate decreases.
How does surface area influence reaction rate? - correct answer-By increasing the
surface area of reactant molecules, we are increasing the space or point of contact that
these molecules have available to interact. This causes an increase in the rate of
reaction.
How does a catalyst speed up a chemical reaction? - correct answer-A catalyst speeds
up a chemical reaction by finding an alternate pathway with a lower activation energy.
Define activation energy. - correct answer-The energy required to start a chemical
reaction.
Define equilibrium. - correct answer-Equilibrium is established when the rate of the
forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.
Is energy absorbed or released in an endothermic reaction? - correct answer-Absorbed.
What is the sign of delta H for an exothermic reaction? - correct answer-Exothermic
reactions release energy. The sign of delta H is negative.
When you touch a flask and it feels hot, is this an endothermic or exothermic process? -
correct answer-Exothermic; heat is being given off.
, Define specific heat capacity. - correct answer-The amount of heat required to raise 1g
of a substance to 1 degrees Celsius.
q=mc(delta)T ; What does "q" stand for? - correct answer-Heat (kJ)
q=mc(delta)T ; What does "c" stand for? - correct answer-Specific heat capacity (J / g
degrees C)
What is a hydrogen ion donor called? - correct answer-An acid.
What is a hydrogen ion acceptor called? - correct answer-A base.
Feels slippery; acid or base? - correct answer-Base.
Tastes sour; acid or base? - correct answer-Acid.
Tastes bitter; acid or base? - correct answer-Base.
pH < 7 ; acid, base, or neutral? - correct answer-Acid
pH > 7 ; acid, base, or neutral? - correct answer-Base
Define neutralization. - correct answer-When an acid reacts with a base to form water
and a salt. pH = 7.
Soap; acid or base? - correct answer-Base (tastes bitter)
Ammonia, acid or base? - correct answer-Base (drain cleaners are bases).
Lemonade; acid or base? - correct answer-Acid (tastes sour)
Define solute. - correct answer-The part of the solution in less amount.
Define solvent. - correct answer-The part of the solution in greater amount. (HINT:
solvent is a bigger word than solute)
How many atoms are in 1 mole? - correct answer-1 mole = 6.02 x 10^23
atoms/molecules
What is the volume occupied by 1 mole of a gas at STP? - correct answer-1 mole of gas
at STP = 22.4 L
Define STP. - correct answer-Pressure = 1 atm or 101.3 kPa
Temperature = 0 degrees Celsius or 273 K
Accurate Solutions
How many valence electrons are in an atom of chlorine? - correct answer-7
How many valence electrons does aluminum have? - correct answer-3
Define Reaction Rate - correct answer-The decrease in concentration of reactants or
the increase in concentration of products with time.
How does increasing temperature affect the rate of reaction? - correct answer-
Increasing temperature causes the kinetic energy to increase. Thus, molecules are
moving faster and colliding more frequently. This causes the rate of reaction to incrase.
If I decrease the concentration of reactant, what happens to the rate of reaction? -
correct answer-Decreasing concentration leads to less reactants available for collision.
Therefore, reaction rate decreases.
How does surface area influence reaction rate? - correct answer-By increasing the
surface area of reactant molecules, we are increasing the space or point of contact that
these molecules have available to interact. This causes an increase in the rate of
reaction.
How does a catalyst speed up a chemical reaction? - correct answer-A catalyst speeds
up a chemical reaction by finding an alternate pathway with a lower activation energy.
Define activation energy. - correct answer-The energy required to start a chemical
reaction.
Define equilibrium. - correct answer-Equilibrium is established when the rate of the
forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.
Is energy absorbed or released in an endothermic reaction? - correct answer-Absorbed.
What is the sign of delta H for an exothermic reaction? - correct answer-Exothermic
reactions release energy. The sign of delta H is negative.
When you touch a flask and it feels hot, is this an endothermic or exothermic process? -
correct answer-Exothermic; heat is being given off.
, Define specific heat capacity. - correct answer-The amount of heat required to raise 1g
of a substance to 1 degrees Celsius.
q=mc(delta)T ; What does "q" stand for? - correct answer-Heat (kJ)
q=mc(delta)T ; What does "c" stand for? - correct answer-Specific heat capacity (J / g
degrees C)
What is a hydrogen ion donor called? - correct answer-An acid.
What is a hydrogen ion acceptor called? - correct answer-A base.
Feels slippery; acid or base? - correct answer-Base.
Tastes sour; acid or base? - correct answer-Acid.
Tastes bitter; acid or base? - correct answer-Base.
pH < 7 ; acid, base, or neutral? - correct answer-Acid
pH > 7 ; acid, base, or neutral? - correct answer-Base
Define neutralization. - correct answer-When an acid reacts with a base to form water
and a salt. pH = 7.
Soap; acid or base? - correct answer-Base (tastes bitter)
Ammonia, acid or base? - correct answer-Base (drain cleaners are bases).
Lemonade; acid or base? - correct answer-Acid (tastes sour)
Define solute. - correct answer-The part of the solution in less amount.
Define solvent. - correct answer-The part of the solution in greater amount. (HINT:
solvent is a bigger word than solute)
How many atoms are in 1 mole? - correct answer-1 mole = 6.02 x 10^23
atoms/molecules
What is the volume occupied by 1 mole of a gas at STP? - correct answer-1 mole of gas
at STP = 22.4 L
Define STP. - correct answer-Pressure = 1 atm or 101.3 kPa
Temperature = 0 degrees Celsius or 273 K
