SGLA LARE IAP GRADED A+
5 functional elements in design
EDGES (shorelines, roads, hedgerows), PATHS (streets, walkways), DISTRICTS (neighborhoods), NODES
(entrances, plazas), LANDMARKS (unique features, buildings)
From Kevin Lynch, Image of the City
Aquifer
underground layers of water bearing rocks in which groundwater is taken from by way of wells; in
danger of contamination by contaminents in rivers and streams, surface drainage that can pick up
contaminents like oil and gas and allow them to infiltrate soil thru leaching of septic fields
acrylic polymers
added and mixed with soils to create a film that allows air and water to penetrate but still binds soil
particles together
What are the primary benefits of green roofs in urban landscapes?
Green roofs provide insulation, reduce energy consumption, manage stormwater, and enhance
biodiversity. They also improve air quality, reduce the urban heat island effect, and offer aesthetic and
recreational spaces in dense urban areas. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects address the challenge of creating sustainable urban parks?
Landscape architects create sustainable urban parks by incorporating native plants, using permeable
surfaces, managing stormwater, reducing energy use, and ensuring that the park serves both
recreational and ecological functions over time. ✔️✔️
What is the significance of designing for water conservation in landscape architecture?
Designing for water conservation is important to reduce water waste, especially in arid regions.
Landscape architects use strategies like xeriscaping, drought-resistant plants, and efficient irrigation
systems to minimize water usage while maintaining a functional and aesthetic landscape. ✔️✔️
,How can landscape architects design for climate adaptation in coastal areas?
In coastal areas, landscape architects design for climate adaptation by incorporating natural buffers like
dunes, wetlands, and mangroves to protect against erosion and storm surges. They also use resilient
plant species and adaptive design solutions to mitigate the effects of rising sea levels. ✔️✔️
What role do landscape architects play in designing therapeutic landscapes?
Landscape architects design therapeutic landscapes that promote healing and mental well-being by
incorporating calming elements such as water features, quiet spaces, green vistas, and sensory-rich
environments that support recovery and stress reduction. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects balance the need for accessibility with aesthetic goals?
Landscape architects balance accessibility and aesthetics by ensuring that designs meet ADA standards,
such as providing accessible paths and ramps, while also considering visual elements, such as plantings,
materials, and layout, that contribute to the beauty and functionality of the space. ✔️✔️
What are the environmental advantages of using porous paving materials in landscape design?
Porous paving materials allow water to pass through the surface, reducing runoff, preventing erosion,
and improving groundwater recharge. They also help reduce the urban heat island effect and provide a
more sustainable, environmentally friendly alternative to impermeable materials. ✔️✔️
What is the importance of selecting the right plants for a site in landscape architecture?
Selecting the right plants ensures that they thrive in the local climate and soil conditions, reducing the
need for maintenance, water, and fertilizers. It also supports local wildlife, enhances biodiversity, and
contributes to the ecological health of the landscape. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects help manage the impact of urbanization on local ecosystems?
Landscape architects mitigate the impact of urbanization by designing green infrastructure, creating
wildlife corridors, using native plants, and restoring degraded ecosystems. These strategies help
maintain ecological functions and promote biodiversity in urban environments. ✔️✔️
What role do landscape architects play in managing outdoor spaces for public events?
,Landscape architects design flexible outdoor spaces that can accommodate public events such as
festivals, markets, and performances. This includes considering crowd flow, accessibility, safety,
amenities, and how the space can be transformed for different uses. ✔️✔️
What strategies do landscape architects use to promote sustainable land use?
Strategies for sustainable land use include efficient site planning, preserving open spaces, reducing
impervious surfaces, using native plants, managing stormwater, and creating habitats for wildlife to
ensure that development does not deplete resources or harm the environment. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects incorporate indigenous knowledge into their designs?
Landscape architects integrate indigenous knowledge by understanding and respecting local cultural
practices, traditional land uses, and plant species. This approach helps preserve cultural heritage while
promoting sustainable, context-sensitive design solutions. ✔️✔️
What is the significance of designing for the microclimate in landscape architecture?
Designing for the microclimate ensures that the environmental conditions of a specific area, such as
sunlight, wind, and temperature variations, are accounted for. This leads to more comfortable, energy-
efficient, and context-appropriate outdoor spaces. ✔️✔️
What role does soil quality play in landscape design?
Soil quality is crucial for the growth and health of plants. Landscape architects assess and improve soil
quality by considering its texture, drainage, and nutrient content. Proper soil management ensures plant
survival and contributes to a sustainable landscape. ✔️✔️
What are the benefits of integrating renewable energy systems in landscape design?
Integrating renewable energy systems, like solar panels or wind turbines, into landscape design reduces
reliance on non-renewable energy sources, lowers energy costs, and supports sustainability goals by
utilizing natural, clean energy for site operations. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects incorporate safety considerations into their designs?
Landscape architects incorporate safety by considering factors such as clear sightlines, appropriate
lighting, safe materials, and the design of walkways and paths to prevent accidents, as well as by
following guidelines for accessibility and security. ✔️✔️
, What is the role of landscape architects in the design of urban plazas?
Landscape architects design urban plazas to serve as vibrant public spaces that support social
interaction, relaxation, and community events. They consider accessibility, seating, greenery, art, and
shelter to create welcoming, functional, and aesthetic spaces. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects contribute to the preservation of natural resources?
Landscape architects contribute by using sustainable design practices such as reducing resource
consumption, selecting eco-friendly materials, incorporating water and energy-efficient systems, and
promoting the conservation of land and wildlife habitats. ✔️✔️
What is the concept of “site-responsive” design in landscape architecture?
Site-responsive design involves tailoring the landscape design to the unique characteristics of the site,
such as topography, climate, and existing vegetation. It ensures that the design harmonizes with its
surroundings and maximizes the site’s potential. ✔️✔️
What role do landscape architects play in reducing environmental pollution?
Landscape architects reduce pollution by using sustainable materials, incorporating green infrastructure
to manage stormwater, planting trees to improve air quality, and designing spaces that encourage
sustainable behaviors, such as composting and recycling. ✔️✔️
What is the importance of designing for seasonal change in outdoor spaces?
Designing for seasonal change ensures that outdoor spaces remain functional and visually appealing
throughout the year. It involves selecting plants that offer interest across different seasons and planning
for weather-related changes in temperature and sunlight. ✔️✔️\\ADA
Americans with Disabilities Act, 1990; have info on requirements for handicap parking, accessibility,
grades of walkways; plans must accommodate the entire population to a resonable extent; can offer
"stages of accessibility" and leave up to users to decide their own limits; use texture and color changes
for grade changes
5 functional elements in design
EDGES (shorelines, roads, hedgerows), PATHS (streets, walkways), DISTRICTS (neighborhoods), NODES
(entrances, plazas), LANDMARKS (unique features, buildings)
From Kevin Lynch, Image of the City
Aquifer
underground layers of water bearing rocks in which groundwater is taken from by way of wells; in
danger of contamination by contaminents in rivers and streams, surface drainage that can pick up
contaminents like oil and gas and allow them to infiltrate soil thru leaching of septic fields
acrylic polymers
added and mixed with soils to create a film that allows air and water to penetrate but still binds soil
particles together
What are the primary benefits of green roofs in urban landscapes?
Green roofs provide insulation, reduce energy consumption, manage stormwater, and enhance
biodiversity. They also improve air quality, reduce the urban heat island effect, and offer aesthetic and
recreational spaces in dense urban areas. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects address the challenge of creating sustainable urban parks?
Landscape architects create sustainable urban parks by incorporating native plants, using permeable
surfaces, managing stormwater, reducing energy use, and ensuring that the park serves both
recreational and ecological functions over time. ✔️✔️
What is the significance of designing for water conservation in landscape architecture?
Designing for water conservation is important to reduce water waste, especially in arid regions.
Landscape architects use strategies like xeriscaping, drought-resistant plants, and efficient irrigation
systems to minimize water usage while maintaining a functional and aesthetic landscape. ✔️✔️
,How can landscape architects design for climate adaptation in coastal areas?
In coastal areas, landscape architects design for climate adaptation by incorporating natural buffers like
dunes, wetlands, and mangroves to protect against erosion and storm surges. They also use resilient
plant species and adaptive design solutions to mitigate the effects of rising sea levels. ✔️✔️
What role do landscape architects play in designing therapeutic landscapes?
Landscape architects design therapeutic landscapes that promote healing and mental well-being by
incorporating calming elements such as water features, quiet spaces, green vistas, and sensory-rich
environments that support recovery and stress reduction. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects balance the need for accessibility with aesthetic goals?
Landscape architects balance accessibility and aesthetics by ensuring that designs meet ADA standards,
such as providing accessible paths and ramps, while also considering visual elements, such as plantings,
materials, and layout, that contribute to the beauty and functionality of the space. ✔️✔️
What are the environmental advantages of using porous paving materials in landscape design?
Porous paving materials allow water to pass through the surface, reducing runoff, preventing erosion,
and improving groundwater recharge. They also help reduce the urban heat island effect and provide a
more sustainable, environmentally friendly alternative to impermeable materials. ✔️✔️
What is the importance of selecting the right plants for a site in landscape architecture?
Selecting the right plants ensures that they thrive in the local climate and soil conditions, reducing the
need for maintenance, water, and fertilizers. It also supports local wildlife, enhances biodiversity, and
contributes to the ecological health of the landscape. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects help manage the impact of urbanization on local ecosystems?
Landscape architects mitigate the impact of urbanization by designing green infrastructure, creating
wildlife corridors, using native plants, and restoring degraded ecosystems. These strategies help
maintain ecological functions and promote biodiversity in urban environments. ✔️✔️
What role do landscape architects play in managing outdoor spaces for public events?
,Landscape architects design flexible outdoor spaces that can accommodate public events such as
festivals, markets, and performances. This includes considering crowd flow, accessibility, safety,
amenities, and how the space can be transformed for different uses. ✔️✔️
What strategies do landscape architects use to promote sustainable land use?
Strategies for sustainable land use include efficient site planning, preserving open spaces, reducing
impervious surfaces, using native plants, managing stormwater, and creating habitats for wildlife to
ensure that development does not deplete resources or harm the environment. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects incorporate indigenous knowledge into their designs?
Landscape architects integrate indigenous knowledge by understanding and respecting local cultural
practices, traditional land uses, and plant species. This approach helps preserve cultural heritage while
promoting sustainable, context-sensitive design solutions. ✔️✔️
What is the significance of designing for the microclimate in landscape architecture?
Designing for the microclimate ensures that the environmental conditions of a specific area, such as
sunlight, wind, and temperature variations, are accounted for. This leads to more comfortable, energy-
efficient, and context-appropriate outdoor spaces. ✔️✔️
What role does soil quality play in landscape design?
Soil quality is crucial for the growth and health of plants. Landscape architects assess and improve soil
quality by considering its texture, drainage, and nutrient content. Proper soil management ensures plant
survival and contributes to a sustainable landscape. ✔️✔️
What are the benefits of integrating renewable energy systems in landscape design?
Integrating renewable energy systems, like solar panels or wind turbines, into landscape design reduces
reliance on non-renewable energy sources, lowers energy costs, and supports sustainability goals by
utilizing natural, clean energy for site operations. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects incorporate safety considerations into their designs?
Landscape architects incorporate safety by considering factors such as clear sightlines, appropriate
lighting, safe materials, and the design of walkways and paths to prevent accidents, as well as by
following guidelines for accessibility and security. ✔️✔️
, What is the role of landscape architects in the design of urban plazas?
Landscape architects design urban plazas to serve as vibrant public spaces that support social
interaction, relaxation, and community events. They consider accessibility, seating, greenery, art, and
shelter to create welcoming, functional, and aesthetic spaces. ✔️✔️
How do landscape architects contribute to the preservation of natural resources?
Landscape architects contribute by using sustainable design practices such as reducing resource
consumption, selecting eco-friendly materials, incorporating water and energy-efficient systems, and
promoting the conservation of land and wildlife habitats. ✔️✔️
What is the concept of “site-responsive” design in landscape architecture?
Site-responsive design involves tailoring the landscape design to the unique characteristics of the site,
such as topography, climate, and existing vegetation. It ensures that the design harmonizes with its
surroundings and maximizes the site’s potential. ✔️✔️
What role do landscape architects play in reducing environmental pollution?
Landscape architects reduce pollution by using sustainable materials, incorporating green infrastructure
to manage stormwater, planting trees to improve air quality, and designing spaces that encourage
sustainable behaviors, such as composting and recycling. ✔️✔️
What is the importance of designing for seasonal change in outdoor spaces?
Designing for seasonal change ensures that outdoor spaces remain functional and visually appealing
throughout the year. It involves selecting plants that offer interest across different seasons and planning
for weather-related changes in temperature and sunlight. ✔️✔️\\ADA
Americans with Disabilities Act, 1990; have info on requirements for handicap parking, accessibility,
grades of walkways; plans must accommodate the entire population to a resonable extent; can offer
"stages of accessibility" and leave up to users to decide their own limits; use texture and color changes
for grade changes
