©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
Nsg 349 Exam 3 Questions With Correct
Answers
Upper respiratory agents - answer✔Rhinorrhea/Congestion: Intranasal corticosteroids,
antihistamines, decongestants
Cough: antitussives
how does the body respond to histamine - answer✔- swelling and inflammation
- adrenaline release
- bronchoconstriction
- dilation of blood vessels
- frequent heartbeat
- vessels and capillaries increase in permeability
- blood clotting
- simulation of gastric acid secretion
indications for antihistamines - answer✔seasonal allergies, nasal allergies, allergic reactions,
motion sickness, nausea/vomiting, sleep disorders (cause sedation)
MOA antihistamines - answer✔competes with histamine for receptor sites (Histamine is a
cytokine that performs several functions in the body)
Blocking H1- block allergy symptoms
Blocking H2- decrease gastric secretions
contraindications antihistamines - answer✔allergy
adverse effects antihistamines - answer✔sedation, dry mouth, confusion, CNS depression
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, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
nursing implications antihistamines - answer✔- monitor for therapeutic response and adverse
reactions
- patient education: avoid heavy machinery, do not mix with ETOH and CNS depressants, chew
sugarless gum if dry mouth
1st generation antihistamines - answer✔older and cause sedation (diphenhydramine (Benedryl)
and promethazine)
2nd generation antihistamines - answer✔dont cause sedation (fexofenadine (allegra),
loratadine (claritin), cetirizine (zyertec))
all antihistamines are used to treat -- and have --- effects - answer✔allergy symptoms;
antihistamine and anticholinergic effect
side effect of anticholinergic antihistamines - answer✔dry mouth
4 cants of anticho - answer✔SEE (pupillary dilation), SPIT (dry mouth), PEE (urinary retention),
SHIT (constipation)
indications for decongestants and intranasal steroids - answer✔nasal congestion/rhinitis (cased
by allergies/upper respiratory infections)
MOA decongestants and intranasal steroids - answer✔Adrenergics: cause vasoconstriction of
arterioles that supply upper respiratory tract allowing drainage
Intranasal steroids: decrease inflammatory response caused by foreign invader
contraindications decongestants and intranasal steroids - answer✔Adrenergics: allergy,
cardiovascular disease, HTN, hyperthyroidism,
Inhaled steroids: allergy, diabetes
adverse effects decongestants and intranasal steroids - answer✔Adrenergics: nervousness,
insomnia, palpitations, HTN, tremors
Inhaled steroids: mucosal irritation/dryness, oral thrush
nursing implications decongestants and intranasal steroids - answer✔- monitor for therapeutic
effects and adverse effects
- report to physician if symptoms last longer than a week
- dont take before bed
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, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
function of antitussives - answer✔suppress cough
indications for antitussives - answer✔cough (ONLY NONPRODUCTIVE), or when coughing can
be harmful (ex. following abdominal surgery)
MOA antitussives - answer✔Opioids: codeine and hydrocodone block cough receptors in the
medulla
Non-opioids: suppress cough reflex in the medulla
contraindications antitussives - answer✔allergies, opioid dependency, respiratory depression
adverse effects antitussives - answer✔Opioids: sedation, respiratory depression, addictive
potential, constipation
Non-opioids: dizziness, drowsiness
nursing implications antitussives - answer✔- monitor for effects
- assess cough (dont give if there is a productive cough, mucus needs to come out of lungs if
infection)
- avoid heavy machinery
- report if symptoms last more than a week
airway obstruction can be caused by - answer✔allergic reaction, angioedema, physical trauma
or burns, infectious process, severe asthma attack
racemic epinephrine indications - answer✔airway obstruction, emergency situation
MOA racemic epinephrine - answer✔stimulate alpha adrenergic receptors in airway, leading to
mucosal vasoconstriction and decreased subglottic edema, stimulate beta adrenergic receptors
contraindications racemic epinephrine - answer✔allergy
adverse effects racemic epinephrine - answer✔insomnia, restlessness, HTN, headache, tremor,
anorexia, cardiac simulation
nursing implications racemic epinephrine - answer✔- monitor for therapeutic effects (breathing
with greater ease)
- monitor for adverse effects (watch BP, HR, tremors after use)
racemic epinephrine adminstration - answer✔nebulizer
3|Page
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
Nsg 349 Exam 3 Questions With Correct
Answers
Upper respiratory agents - answer✔Rhinorrhea/Congestion: Intranasal corticosteroids,
antihistamines, decongestants
Cough: antitussives
how does the body respond to histamine - answer✔- swelling and inflammation
- adrenaline release
- bronchoconstriction
- dilation of blood vessels
- frequent heartbeat
- vessels and capillaries increase in permeability
- blood clotting
- simulation of gastric acid secretion
indications for antihistamines - answer✔seasonal allergies, nasal allergies, allergic reactions,
motion sickness, nausea/vomiting, sleep disorders (cause sedation)
MOA antihistamines - answer✔competes with histamine for receptor sites (Histamine is a
cytokine that performs several functions in the body)
Blocking H1- block allergy symptoms
Blocking H2- decrease gastric secretions
contraindications antihistamines - answer✔allergy
adverse effects antihistamines - answer✔sedation, dry mouth, confusion, CNS depression
1|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
nursing implications antihistamines - answer✔- monitor for therapeutic response and adverse
reactions
- patient education: avoid heavy machinery, do not mix with ETOH and CNS depressants, chew
sugarless gum if dry mouth
1st generation antihistamines - answer✔older and cause sedation (diphenhydramine (Benedryl)
and promethazine)
2nd generation antihistamines - answer✔dont cause sedation (fexofenadine (allegra),
loratadine (claritin), cetirizine (zyertec))
all antihistamines are used to treat -- and have --- effects - answer✔allergy symptoms;
antihistamine and anticholinergic effect
side effect of anticholinergic antihistamines - answer✔dry mouth
4 cants of anticho - answer✔SEE (pupillary dilation), SPIT (dry mouth), PEE (urinary retention),
SHIT (constipation)
indications for decongestants and intranasal steroids - answer✔nasal congestion/rhinitis (cased
by allergies/upper respiratory infections)
MOA decongestants and intranasal steroids - answer✔Adrenergics: cause vasoconstriction of
arterioles that supply upper respiratory tract allowing drainage
Intranasal steroids: decrease inflammatory response caused by foreign invader
contraindications decongestants and intranasal steroids - answer✔Adrenergics: allergy,
cardiovascular disease, HTN, hyperthyroidism,
Inhaled steroids: allergy, diabetes
adverse effects decongestants and intranasal steroids - answer✔Adrenergics: nervousness,
insomnia, palpitations, HTN, tremors
Inhaled steroids: mucosal irritation/dryness, oral thrush
nursing implications decongestants and intranasal steroids - answer✔- monitor for therapeutic
effects and adverse effects
- report to physician if symptoms last longer than a week
- dont take before bed
2|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
function of antitussives - answer✔suppress cough
indications for antitussives - answer✔cough (ONLY NONPRODUCTIVE), or when coughing can
be harmful (ex. following abdominal surgery)
MOA antitussives - answer✔Opioids: codeine and hydrocodone block cough receptors in the
medulla
Non-opioids: suppress cough reflex in the medulla
contraindications antitussives - answer✔allergies, opioid dependency, respiratory depression
adverse effects antitussives - answer✔Opioids: sedation, respiratory depression, addictive
potential, constipation
Non-opioids: dizziness, drowsiness
nursing implications antitussives - answer✔- monitor for effects
- assess cough (dont give if there is a productive cough, mucus needs to come out of lungs if
infection)
- avoid heavy machinery
- report if symptoms last more than a week
airway obstruction can be caused by - answer✔allergic reaction, angioedema, physical trauma
or burns, infectious process, severe asthma attack
racemic epinephrine indications - answer✔airway obstruction, emergency situation
MOA racemic epinephrine - answer✔stimulate alpha adrenergic receptors in airway, leading to
mucosal vasoconstriction and decreased subglottic edema, stimulate beta adrenergic receptors
contraindications racemic epinephrine - answer✔allergy
adverse effects racemic epinephrine - answer✔insomnia, restlessness, HTN, headache, tremor,
anorexia, cardiac simulation
nursing implications racemic epinephrine - answer✔- monitor for therapeutic effects (breathing
with greater ease)
- monitor for adverse effects (watch BP, HR, tremors after use)
racemic epinephrine adminstration - answer✔nebulizer
3|Page
