Muscle Physiology Verified A+

Muscle Physiology Verified A+ smooth muscle ️️involuntary, non-striated, no sarcomeres, short, spindle-shaped, single-central nucleus, good regeneration, found on walls of blood vessels, digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive organs cardiac muscle ️️involuntary, striated, sarcomeres short, branched, intercalated discs, single nucleus, no regeneration, found on the heart skeletal muscle ️️voluntary, striated, sarcomeres long, cylindrical, multi-nucleate along top/bottom, not good regeneration, found on bones for movement characteristics of muscle tissue ️️a. excitability b. contractility c. elasticity excitability ️️can carry an electrical signal, the electrical signal is called an action potential which is actually a change of charge across the membrane of a cell which other cell can carry action potentials? ️️neurons contractility ️️through special protein filaments in muscle that contain actin and myosin elasticity ️️muscles recoil back to shape and stretch (smooth muscles are better at stretching than skeletal muscle) functions of muscle tissue ️️a. motion b. posture c. body heat where is skeletal muscle located relative to the skin? ️️underneath the skin, directly or indirectly attached to the bones of the skeleton to reach skeletal muscle you would have to cut through the following layers ️️1. skin 2. hypodermis 3. deep fascia skin ️️epidermis & dermis (keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue) hypodermis ️️superficial fascia=subcutaneous tissue (adipose tissue, areolar tissue) why is the hypodermic layer important? ️️insulation (body temp), fat storage, protects the organs and bones what type of tissue is found in deep fascia? ️️dense fibrous connective tissue where is deep fascia found? ️️beneath the superficial fascia, covers muscles and puts them into groups muscles are surrounded by tissue called _______ _______ ️️deep fascia muscles connect to bone via _______ ️️tendons what type of tissue is a tendon made of? ️️dense regular connective tissue what is a tendon sheath? what is it made of? ️️a layer of membrane around a tendon, It permits the tendon to move; made of collagen fiber bundles aponeurosis ️️A sheetlike fibrous membrane, resembling a flattened tendon, that serves as a fascia to bind muscles together or as a means of connecting muscle to bone. where can aponeurosis be found? ️️scalp, abdomen, lumbar an entire muscle would be a _______ why? ️️organ; because it is a group of tissues working together to perform similar functions an entire muscle is surrounded by connective tissue called _________ ️️epimysium an entire muscle is made up of? ️️muscle fascicles