PSY 120 Exam #3 Study Guide/ 210 Quizzes &
Definitions.
retrograde amnesia - Answer: inability to recall old memories (less common)
anterograde amnesia - Answer: inability to learn new memories (more common)
linguistic relativity hypothesis - Answer: language not only shapes how we think,
but also how we perceive the world (ex. African's cannot tell difference between
green and blue)
grammar - Answer: rules of language that enable communicator to combine
symbols to convey meaning
phonology - Answer: language rules for combining sounds to make words
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,syntax - Answer: language rules for combining words to make sentences
semantics - Answer: language rules used to communicate meaning
phonemes - Answer: smallest significant sound units in speech
morphemes - Answer: smallest units in language that carry meaning
words - Answer: combine to form phrases
phrases - Answer: combine with phrases to form sentences
sentences - Answer: combinations of words/phrases
surface structure - Answer: literal ordering of words in a sentence
deep structure - Answer: underlying representation of meaning in a sentence
pragmatics - Answer: the practical knowledge used to comprehend the intentions
of a speaker and to produce an effective response (ex. could you close the
window?)
cooing - Answer: 3-5 weeks old; repeating vowel sounds like "ooooh" and "aaaah"
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, babbling - Answer: 4-6 months old; repeating consonant/vowel combinations
such as "kaka" or "baba"
6-18 months language development - Answer: vocalizations become specific to
the native language; the first word spoken by the end of first year
24 months language development - Answer: vocabulary of at least 200 words;
child shows telegraphic speech, grammatical two-word combinations
preschool years of language development - Answer: ability to produce and
comprehend sentences
telegraphic speech - Answer: combining two words into simple sentences
What is the current perspective on whether chimps can acquire/demonstrate
language ability? - Answer: unknown - experiments have shown some chimps
appearing to generate new combos of words, but still inconclusive
category - Answer: a class of objects (people, places, or things) that most people
agree belong together
defining features - Answer: traits necessary to make objects acceptable members
of a category
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Definitions.
retrograde amnesia - Answer: inability to recall old memories (less common)
anterograde amnesia - Answer: inability to learn new memories (more common)
linguistic relativity hypothesis - Answer: language not only shapes how we think,
but also how we perceive the world (ex. African's cannot tell difference between
green and blue)
grammar - Answer: rules of language that enable communicator to combine
symbols to convey meaning
phonology - Answer: language rules for combining sounds to make words
Page 1 of 30
,syntax - Answer: language rules for combining words to make sentences
semantics - Answer: language rules used to communicate meaning
phonemes - Answer: smallest significant sound units in speech
morphemes - Answer: smallest units in language that carry meaning
words - Answer: combine to form phrases
phrases - Answer: combine with phrases to form sentences
sentences - Answer: combinations of words/phrases
surface structure - Answer: literal ordering of words in a sentence
deep structure - Answer: underlying representation of meaning in a sentence
pragmatics - Answer: the practical knowledge used to comprehend the intentions
of a speaker and to produce an effective response (ex. could you close the
window?)
cooing - Answer: 3-5 weeks old; repeating vowel sounds like "ooooh" and "aaaah"
Page 2 of 30
, babbling - Answer: 4-6 months old; repeating consonant/vowel combinations
such as "kaka" or "baba"
6-18 months language development - Answer: vocalizations become specific to
the native language; the first word spoken by the end of first year
24 months language development - Answer: vocabulary of at least 200 words;
child shows telegraphic speech, grammatical two-word combinations
preschool years of language development - Answer: ability to produce and
comprehend sentences
telegraphic speech - Answer: combining two words into simple sentences
What is the current perspective on whether chimps can acquire/demonstrate
language ability? - Answer: unknown - experiments have shown some chimps
appearing to generate new combos of words, but still inconclusive
category - Answer: a class of objects (people, places, or things) that most people
agree belong together
defining features - Answer: traits necessary to make objects acceptable members
of a category
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