MT AAB Chemistry Exam With Complete
Solutions (A+)100% Correct
What do proteins do? - ANSWER -Transport metabolic products.
-part of cell membranes.
-part of hormones and receptors.
-part of enzymes.
Proteins consist of: - ANSWER -Carbon
-Oxygen
-Hydrogen
-Nitrogen-distinctives proteins from carbohydrates & lipids.
-Sulfur
*Proteins have a high molecular weight and, therefore, are good immunogens.
What proteins are water soluble? - ANSWER Albumin- Water-soluble
Globulins- Dilute salt solution-soluble
Histones- Dilute acid-soluble
Basic unit: Amino Acids are linked by what? - ANSWER Peptide bonds.
-Short chain hydrocarbons w/carboxyl and amine group.
*Each amino acid may act as an acid or a base.
What is the structure of peptide bonds? - ANSWER Primary Stucture: Sequence of
amino acids.
Secondary Structure: Hydrogen bonding.
,Tertiary Structure: Disulfide bonding.
Quaternary Structure: Electrostatic Attraction.
What is protein denaturation? - ANSWER The change of protein structure.
Can be caused by:
-Change in temperature (rupture weak secondary & tertiary bonds)
-Change in pH (alter ionic charge)
-Hydrolysis
-UV light
What are Aminoacidopathies? -ANSWER Inherited disorders of amino acid metabolism
such as:
-Phenylketonuria
-Tyrosinemia
-Alkaptonuria
-Maple Syrup Disease
-Cystinuria (not an enzyme deficiency)
Name the disorder:
Enzyme deficiency of phenylalanine hydrolase; which results in accumulation of
phenylalanine in blood and phenylpyruvic acid in urine? - ANSWER Phenylketonuria
*Inherited
*Amino acid metabolism disorder (Aminoacidpathy)
, *Testing includes PKU and Gutherie Tests
PKU and Gutherie Tests diagnose what disorder? - ANSWER Phenylketonuria
Name the disorder:
Enzyme deficiency of tyrosine aminotransfernase that results in the accumulation of
tyrosine? - ANSWER Tyrosinemia
*Inherited
*Amino acid metabolism disorder (Aminoacidpathy)
Name the disorder:
An enzyme deficiency of homogentisic oxidase that results in the accumulation of
homogentisic acid? - ANSWER Alkaptonuria
*Inherited
*Amino acid metabolism disorder (Aminoacidpathy)
Name the disorder:
branched chain keto acid decarboxylase, leading to an accumulation of leucine,
isoleucine, and valine? Characteristic Maple syrup smell. - ANSWER Maple Syrup
Disease
*Inherited
*Amino acid metabolism disorder (Aminoacidpathy)
Name the disorder:
Due to a defect in the amino acid transport system leading to renal calculi in the kidney
tubules? - ANSWER Cystinuria
Solutions (A+)100% Correct
What do proteins do? - ANSWER -Transport metabolic products.
-part of cell membranes.
-part of hormones and receptors.
-part of enzymes.
Proteins consist of: - ANSWER -Carbon
-Oxygen
-Hydrogen
-Nitrogen-distinctives proteins from carbohydrates & lipids.
-Sulfur
*Proteins have a high molecular weight and, therefore, are good immunogens.
What proteins are water soluble? - ANSWER Albumin- Water-soluble
Globulins- Dilute salt solution-soluble
Histones- Dilute acid-soluble
Basic unit: Amino Acids are linked by what? - ANSWER Peptide bonds.
-Short chain hydrocarbons w/carboxyl and amine group.
*Each amino acid may act as an acid or a base.
What is the structure of peptide bonds? - ANSWER Primary Stucture: Sequence of
amino acids.
Secondary Structure: Hydrogen bonding.
,Tertiary Structure: Disulfide bonding.
Quaternary Structure: Electrostatic Attraction.
What is protein denaturation? - ANSWER The change of protein structure.
Can be caused by:
-Change in temperature (rupture weak secondary & tertiary bonds)
-Change in pH (alter ionic charge)
-Hydrolysis
-UV light
What are Aminoacidopathies? -ANSWER Inherited disorders of amino acid metabolism
such as:
-Phenylketonuria
-Tyrosinemia
-Alkaptonuria
-Maple Syrup Disease
-Cystinuria (not an enzyme deficiency)
Name the disorder:
Enzyme deficiency of phenylalanine hydrolase; which results in accumulation of
phenylalanine in blood and phenylpyruvic acid in urine? - ANSWER Phenylketonuria
*Inherited
*Amino acid metabolism disorder (Aminoacidpathy)
, *Testing includes PKU and Gutherie Tests
PKU and Gutherie Tests diagnose what disorder? - ANSWER Phenylketonuria
Name the disorder:
Enzyme deficiency of tyrosine aminotransfernase that results in the accumulation of
tyrosine? - ANSWER Tyrosinemia
*Inherited
*Amino acid metabolism disorder (Aminoacidpathy)
Name the disorder:
An enzyme deficiency of homogentisic oxidase that results in the accumulation of
homogentisic acid? - ANSWER Alkaptonuria
*Inherited
*Amino acid metabolism disorder (Aminoacidpathy)
Name the disorder:
branched chain keto acid decarboxylase, leading to an accumulation of leucine,
isoleucine, and valine? Characteristic Maple syrup smell. - ANSWER Maple Syrup
Disease
*Inherited
*Amino acid metabolism disorder (Aminoacidpathy)
Name the disorder:
Due to a defect in the amino acid transport system leading to renal calculi in the kidney
tubules? - ANSWER Cystinuria
