NUR 106 - Module G4/G10: Comprehensive Study Guide for Pediatric Nursing Essentials

NUR 106 - Module G4/G10: Comprehensive Study Guide for Pediatric Nursing Essentials What is the first line treatment for children with mild dehydration? oral rehydration What is the first line treatment for children with severe dehydration? parental therapy (IV fluids) What type of medications can cause diarrhea? augmentin and zithromax What type of medications can contribute to constipation? Anatacids, opioids, iron supplements, and antihistamines How does Tagamet or Zantac treat gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) (What does it do in the body)? reduce gastric hydrochlorie acid secretions What type of mass is pal pable in pyloric stenosis? hypertropheal pylorus ( olivelike mass) What are the 7 rights of medication administration? right drug, right dose, right time, right patient, right route, right reason, right documentation What are 4 ways that can be used to prevent urinary tract infections (UTI)? avoid tight clothes, wipe front to back, adequate fluid intake, take probiotics What blood/urine test is used to determine glomerular filtration rate? serum creatine test What predisposes children to UTIS? -short urethra in girls -uncircumcised in boys -urinary stasis What is hypospadias? abnormal placement of the urinary meatus on the ventral side of penis What is phimosis? inability to retract foreskin What are side effects of steroids (short term and long term)? short term : weight gain, increased appetite, behavioral changes long term: retardation, hypertension, GI bleeding, infections, bone demineralization When does glomerulonephritis typically occur (after what illness)? after streptococcal, pneumococcal, and viral infections A child with glomerulonephritis has a significant reduction of edema within the first few days of hospitalization. How might the nurse recognize this? urine output If the child with glomerulonephritis is having an issue with edema, what should be eliminated or significantly reduced in their diet? foods high in sodium should be removed from diet What is uremic frost? deposits of urea crystals on the skin What would you expect to see on a urinalysis for a child with a UTI (? WBCS, ? Specific gravity)? - wbc5 - specific gravity higher than 1.030 and lower than 1.001 What are some advantages of peritoneal dialysis? can be managed at home What is a strangulated hernia? when blood supply is impaired in the herniated organ What is the most common parasite seen with diarrhea? giardia lambia What is the most common viral pathogen seen with diarrhea? rotavirus A child has an NG tube to suction, and has an output of 80cc this shift. The doctor has ordered an IV replacement for the amount pf fluid lost to be infused over 2 hours. At what rate would you infuse the IV fluids? 40cc/hr What are some`Infectious Causes of Acute Diarrhea? Rotovirus(viral), Giardia lamblia(parasitic), salmonella Signs of Acute Appendicitis nausea, right lower quadrant pain, and later vomiting with fever signs of appendicitis perforation? fever, sudden relief from pain, progressive abdominal distention, tachycardia, chills, shallow breathing, pallor pyloric stsnosis clinical manifestations? vomiting, weight loss,distended upper abdomen, chronic hunger what is intussusception? telescoping of the intestines Intussusceptin clinical manifestation(signs): abdominal pain, vomiting, child screaming, lethargy, red jelly like stool, tender abdomen, palpable sausage shaped mass in RUQ Acetaminophen poisoning affect liver(jaundice,upper quardant pain) N acetyl cysteine. aspirin poisining signs and treatment: signs: tinnitus, confusion, lost of conscious Treatment:activated charcoal, vitamin k what is essential when doing Chelation therapy adequate hydration