COGSCI 115 MIDTERM SECTION 7 -TEST WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.
In which ways can stress negatively impact happiness? - Answer-It can increase focus
on negative information, enhance negative emotions, and cause emotional hijacking,
produce depression-like symptoms
/.Which cells in the body contain glucocorticoid receptors (and are therefore affected by
stress hormones)? - Answer-Almost all cells
/.Which participants had higher cortisol and plasma fibrinogen levels after doing the
stressful Stroop Test?
a. less happy participants
b. happy participants - Answer-a. less happy
/.Can stress kill brain cells? If yes, then how? - Answer-Yes, because glucocorticoids
destroy neurons by decreasing entry of glucose and re-uptake of glutamate
/.What are the short term and long term effects of cortisol? - Answer-Short term:
suppressed immune system to reduce inflammation from wounds
long term: immune system less responsive to cortisol, normal function disrupted
/.What is the effect of chronic stress on the immune system? - Answer-Lower the
system's sensitivity to glucocorticoid hormones, which increases vulnerability to
inflammatory diseases
/.What does an elevated interleukin-6 level in healthy adults predict and why? - Answer-
It predicts all-cause mortality. It causes the animal to withdraw from normal activities,
induces dysphoria, helplessness, fatigue, etc
/.What is more important in determining whether an event is stressful?
a. the objective nature of the event
b. the way the event is perceived / interpreted - Answer-b
/.How can reappraisal be useful? - Answer-Changing our interpretations can reduce
distress and amygdala response
/.What are some of the health benefits of left prefrontal dominance (positive emotion
preference)? - Answer-More natural killer cell activities and antibodies, increase in
growth hormone and oxytocin, which can decrease blood pressure and cortisol
/.Which neural mechanisms and emotional styles are associated with this kind of
depression - Difficulty turning off negative emotions once they are turned on? - Answer-
Associated with low resilience, less activity left prefrontal + more in right, increased
amygdala activity
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.
In which ways can stress negatively impact happiness? - Answer-It can increase focus
on negative information, enhance negative emotions, and cause emotional hijacking,
produce depression-like symptoms
/.Which cells in the body contain glucocorticoid receptors (and are therefore affected by
stress hormones)? - Answer-Almost all cells
/.Which participants had higher cortisol and plasma fibrinogen levels after doing the
stressful Stroop Test?
a. less happy participants
b. happy participants - Answer-a. less happy
/.Can stress kill brain cells? If yes, then how? - Answer-Yes, because glucocorticoids
destroy neurons by decreasing entry of glucose and re-uptake of glutamate
/.What are the short term and long term effects of cortisol? - Answer-Short term:
suppressed immune system to reduce inflammation from wounds
long term: immune system less responsive to cortisol, normal function disrupted
/.What is the effect of chronic stress on the immune system? - Answer-Lower the
system's sensitivity to glucocorticoid hormones, which increases vulnerability to
inflammatory diseases
/.What does an elevated interleukin-6 level in healthy adults predict and why? - Answer-
It predicts all-cause mortality. It causes the animal to withdraw from normal activities,
induces dysphoria, helplessness, fatigue, etc
/.What is more important in determining whether an event is stressful?
a. the objective nature of the event
b. the way the event is perceived / interpreted - Answer-b
/.How can reappraisal be useful? - Answer-Changing our interpretations can reduce
distress and amygdala response
/.What are some of the health benefits of left prefrontal dominance (positive emotion
preference)? - Answer-More natural killer cell activities and antibodies, increase in
growth hormone and oxytocin, which can decrease blood pressure and cortisol
/.Which neural mechanisms and emotional styles are associated with this kind of
depression - Difficulty turning off negative emotions once they are turned on? - Answer-
Associated with low resilience, less activity left prefrontal + more in right, increased
amygdala activity
