ATI Comprehensive Predictor test exam with questions and answers
(verified answers grade A) latest update rationale 2024/2025
RBC - CORRECT ANSWER females 4.2-5.4 million
males 4.7-6.1 million
decrease RBC - CORRECT ANSWER anemia
WBC - CORRECT ANSWER 5,000-10,000
elevated WBC - CORRECT ANSWER infection
decreased WBC - CORRECT ANSWER immunosuppression
Iron - CORRECT ANSWER females 60-160 mcg
males 80-180
elevated iron - CORRECT ANSWER hemochromatosis, iron excess
liver disorder, magaloblastic anemia
decreased iron - CORRECT ANSWER anemia or hemorrhage
platelets - CORRECT ANSWER 150,000-4000,000
increased platelets - CORRECT ANSWER malignancy or polycythemia vera
decreased platelets - CORRECT ANSWER autoimmune disease
,bone marrow suppression or enlarged spleen
Hbg - CORRECT ANSWER females 12-16
males 14-18
decrease Hgb and Hct - CORRECT ANSWER anemia
Hct - CORRECT ANSWER females 37%-47%
males 42-52%
anemia in children
S & SX: - CORRECT ANSWER pallor, brittle spoon shaped nails
irritability, muscle weakness
systolic heart murmur, enlarged heart, HF
iron supplements - CORRECT ANSWER give 1 hr before or 2 hr after antacid to prevent malabsorpt
N/D and constipation common at start of therapy
use straw for liquid iron to prevent staining of teeth
aPTT - CORRECT ANSWER 1.5-2X control range of 30-40 seconds
test clotting factors and monitor heparin therapy
increased aPTT - CORRECT ANSWER hemophilia
disseminated intravascular coagulation DIC
liver disease
PT - CORRECT ANSWER 11-12.5 seconds, 85-100%
,increased PT time - CORRECT ANSWER evidence of deficiency or clotting
decreaed PT time - CORRECT ANSWER evidence of vit K excess= bleed out
acute hemolytic blood transfusion reactions - CORRECT ANSWER **low back pain, TACHYcardia,
HYPOtension
febrile reactions - CORRECT ANSWER 30 min-6 hr after transfusion
-chills, fever, flushing, headache
use WBC filter, administer antipyretics
mild allergic reactions - CORRECT ANSWER during or up to 24hr after transfusion
- itching, urticarial, flushing
administer benadryl
anaphylactic shock - CORRECT ANSWER wheezing, dyspnea, cyanosis, hypotension
maintain airway, admin O2, IV fluids, antihistamines, corticosteroids and vasopressor
fluid overload - CORRECT ANSWER HYPERtension,
jugular vein distention, peripheral edema
orthopnea, crackles at base of lungs
sudden anxiety
sepsis and septic shock - CORRECT ANSWER -fever, N/V, abdominal pain, chills HYPOtension
administer antibiotics, blood cultures, vasopressor (dopamine)
if disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) - CORRECT ANSWER admin heparin in early stage
-blood products and clotting factors in late stage
, PICA - CORRECT ANSWER eating things like soil, chalk, for at least 1 month
parenteral iron - CORRECT ANSWER given Z track
erythropoietin - epoetin alfa (epogen, Procrit) - CORRECT ANSWER used to increased production of
RBC
monitor increase in BP, Hgb, Hct
folic acid - CORRECT ANSWER turn urine dark yellow
necessary for new RBC
hypovolemia causes - CORRECT ANSWER peritonitis, ascites, burns , NPO
causes of dehydration - CORRECT ANSWER hyperventilation
DKA
tube feeding without sufficient water intake
subjective and objective HYPOvolemia - CORRECT ANSWER Hyperthermia, Tachycardia, HYPOtension
decreased central venous pressure
hypoxia
thirst, dizziness, N/V,
-poor skin turgor, tentin
lab test hypovolemia - CORRECT ANSWER increased: HCT, specific gravity, NA, protein, BUN, glucose
Hypervolemia causes - CORRECT ANSWER HF, cirrhosis, increased gluccorticosteroids
hypertonic fluids
(verified answers grade A) latest update rationale 2024/2025
RBC - CORRECT ANSWER females 4.2-5.4 million
males 4.7-6.1 million
decrease RBC - CORRECT ANSWER anemia
WBC - CORRECT ANSWER 5,000-10,000
elevated WBC - CORRECT ANSWER infection
decreased WBC - CORRECT ANSWER immunosuppression
Iron - CORRECT ANSWER females 60-160 mcg
males 80-180
elevated iron - CORRECT ANSWER hemochromatosis, iron excess
liver disorder, magaloblastic anemia
decreased iron - CORRECT ANSWER anemia or hemorrhage
platelets - CORRECT ANSWER 150,000-4000,000
increased platelets - CORRECT ANSWER malignancy or polycythemia vera
decreased platelets - CORRECT ANSWER autoimmune disease
,bone marrow suppression or enlarged spleen
Hbg - CORRECT ANSWER females 12-16
males 14-18
decrease Hgb and Hct - CORRECT ANSWER anemia
Hct - CORRECT ANSWER females 37%-47%
males 42-52%
anemia in children
S & SX: - CORRECT ANSWER pallor, brittle spoon shaped nails
irritability, muscle weakness
systolic heart murmur, enlarged heart, HF
iron supplements - CORRECT ANSWER give 1 hr before or 2 hr after antacid to prevent malabsorpt
N/D and constipation common at start of therapy
use straw for liquid iron to prevent staining of teeth
aPTT - CORRECT ANSWER 1.5-2X control range of 30-40 seconds
test clotting factors and monitor heparin therapy
increased aPTT - CORRECT ANSWER hemophilia
disseminated intravascular coagulation DIC
liver disease
PT - CORRECT ANSWER 11-12.5 seconds, 85-100%
,increased PT time - CORRECT ANSWER evidence of deficiency or clotting
decreaed PT time - CORRECT ANSWER evidence of vit K excess= bleed out
acute hemolytic blood transfusion reactions - CORRECT ANSWER **low back pain, TACHYcardia,
HYPOtension
febrile reactions - CORRECT ANSWER 30 min-6 hr after transfusion
-chills, fever, flushing, headache
use WBC filter, administer antipyretics
mild allergic reactions - CORRECT ANSWER during or up to 24hr after transfusion
- itching, urticarial, flushing
administer benadryl
anaphylactic shock - CORRECT ANSWER wheezing, dyspnea, cyanosis, hypotension
maintain airway, admin O2, IV fluids, antihistamines, corticosteroids and vasopressor
fluid overload - CORRECT ANSWER HYPERtension,
jugular vein distention, peripheral edema
orthopnea, crackles at base of lungs
sudden anxiety
sepsis and septic shock - CORRECT ANSWER -fever, N/V, abdominal pain, chills HYPOtension
administer antibiotics, blood cultures, vasopressor (dopamine)
if disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) - CORRECT ANSWER admin heparin in early stage
-blood products and clotting factors in late stage
, PICA - CORRECT ANSWER eating things like soil, chalk, for at least 1 month
parenteral iron - CORRECT ANSWER given Z track
erythropoietin - epoetin alfa (epogen, Procrit) - CORRECT ANSWER used to increased production of
RBC
monitor increase in BP, Hgb, Hct
folic acid - CORRECT ANSWER turn urine dark yellow
necessary for new RBC
hypovolemia causes - CORRECT ANSWER peritonitis, ascites, burns , NPO
causes of dehydration - CORRECT ANSWER hyperventilation
DKA
tube feeding without sufficient water intake
subjective and objective HYPOvolemia - CORRECT ANSWER Hyperthermia, Tachycardia, HYPOtension
decreased central venous pressure
hypoxia
thirst, dizziness, N/V,
-poor skin turgor, tentin
lab test hypovolemia - CORRECT ANSWER increased: HCT, specific gravity, NA, protein, BUN, glucose
Hypervolemia causes - CORRECT ANSWER HF, cirrhosis, increased gluccorticosteroids
hypertonic fluids
