Portage Learning Path physiology Module
1 EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Definition of Pathophysiology - Answer -the study of how structural/functional changes
that occur in cells, tissues, and organs due to disease effect total body function
What are the 5 etiologic factors (w/ examples) - Answer -1. Physical (trauma, burns,
radiation)
2. Chemical (poisons, alcohol)
3. Biological (bacteria, viruses)
4. Genetic disposition
5. Nutritional imbalances (deficiencies, excesses)
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What are the 2 types of risk factors? - Answer -1. congenital conditions (present at birth)
2. acquired defects (occurring after birth)
What is the difference between MORPHOLOGY and HISTOLOGY? - Answer -
Morphology is the structure of a cell or tissue.
Histology is the study of the cells and extracellular matrix at the tissue level
Signs vs. Symptoms (example of each) - Answer -Signs - objective manifestations
(dilated pupils, elevated heart rate)
Symptoms - subjective complaints (stomach pain, trouble breathing)
What are 3 processes needed when coming to a diagnosis? - Answer -1. patient history
2. physical exam
3. diagnostic tests
PPD
Validity - Answer -how a tool measures what it is supposed to measure
Reliability - Answer -the likelihood of the same result occurring if the test is repeated
Sensitivity - Answer -True pos - proportion of people with the disease who are positive
for the disease
Specificity - Answer -True neg - proportion of people without the disease who are
negative for the disease
, What is the definition of Epidemiology and what does it track? - Answer -The study of
how disease occurrence effects the human population. It tracks social determinants of
health (i.e. age, race, geographic location, dietary habits)
Incidence - Answer -# of NEW cases in a population at risk at a specified time
Prevalence - Answer -# of existing cases in a population at a given time
Mortality - Answer -death rate; cause of death in a population
Morbidity - Answer -The effect of a disease on quality of life
Primary Prevention - Answer -Eliminating risk factors to prevent disease from occuring
(vaccinating children, diet)
Secondary Prevention - Answer -Detect and treat disease early, usually while treatable
and asymptomatic (annual pap smears, colonoscopy screening)
Tertiary Prevention - Answer -Clinical intervention to reduce complications/deterioration
after disease is diagnosed (medications after a heart attack, dialysis)
Why is evidence-based practice important? - Answer -The conscientious reliance on
current best, scientific evidence when caring for patients as to avoid/counteract "the way
things have always been done"
What are the 3 primary structures/functional components of the cell? - Answer -1.
nucleus
2. plasma membrane
3. cytoplasm
NPC
What is the function of the nucleus? - Answer -control center of the cell and houses
DNA and RNA
Name 3 structures within the nucleus - Answer -1. nucleolus
2. nuclear envelope
3. chromatin
Name the organelles located in the cytoplasm - Answer -1. ER (rough and smooth)
2. Golgi apparatus
3. Mitochondria
4. Lysosomes
5. Ribosomes
What do ribosomes do? - Answer -site of protein synthesis
1 EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Definition of Pathophysiology - Answer -the study of how structural/functional changes
that occur in cells, tissues, and organs due to disease effect total body function
What are the 5 etiologic factors (w/ examples) - Answer -1. Physical (trauma, burns,
radiation)
2. Chemical (poisons, alcohol)
3. Biological (bacteria, viruses)
4. Genetic disposition
5. Nutritional imbalances (deficiencies, excesses)
Please Call Billy Goat Now
What are the 2 types of risk factors? - Answer -1. congenital conditions (present at birth)
2. acquired defects (occurring after birth)
What is the difference between MORPHOLOGY and HISTOLOGY? - Answer -
Morphology is the structure of a cell or tissue.
Histology is the study of the cells and extracellular matrix at the tissue level
Signs vs. Symptoms (example of each) - Answer -Signs - objective manifestations
(dilated pupils, elevated heart rate)
Symptoms - subjective complaints (stomach pain, trouble breathing)
What are 3 processes needed when coming to a diagnosis? - Answer -1. patient history
2. physical exam
3. diagnostic tests
PPD
Validity - Answer -how a tool measures what it is supposed to measure
Reliability - Answer -the likelihood of the same result occurring if the test is repeated
Sensitivity - Answer -True pos - proportion of people with the disease who are positive
for the disease
Specificity - Answer -True neg - proportion of people without the disease who are
negative for the disease
, What is the definition of Epidemiology and what does it track? - Answer -The study of
how disease occurrence effects the human population. It tracks social determinants of
health (i.e. age, race, geographic location, dietary habits)
Incidence - Answer -# of NEW cases in a population at risk at a specified time
Prevalence - Answer -# of existing cases in a population at a given time
Mortality - Answer -death rate; cause of death in a population
Morbidity - Answer -The effect of a disease on quality of life
Primary Prevention - Answer -Eliminating risk factors to prevent disease from occuring
(vaccinating children, diet)
Secondary Prevention - Answer -Detect and treat disease early, usually while treatable
and asymptomatic (annual pap smears, colonoscopy screening)
Tertiary Prevention - Answer -Clinical intervention to reduce complications/deterioration
after disease is diagnosed (medications after a heart attack, dialysis)
Why is evidence-based practice important? - Answer -The conscientious reliance on
current best, scientific evidence when caring for patients as to avoid/counteract "the way
things have always been done"
What are the 3 primary structures/functional components of the cell? - Answer -1.
nucleus
2. plasma membrane
3. cytoplasm
NPC
What is the function of the nucleus? - Answer -control center of the cell and houses
DNA and RNA
Name 3 structures within the nucleus - Answer -1. nucleolus
2. nuclear envelope
3. chromatin
Name the organelles located in the cytoplasm - Answer -1. ER (rough and smooth)
2. Golgi apparatus
3. Mitochondria
4. Lysosomes
5. Ribosomes
What do ribosomes do? - Answer -site of protein synthesis
