EVIT MC-10 Final Exam Review – Questions/Solutions
List the major structures of the lymphatic system Right Ans - The
lymphatic system consists of the following :Fluid, known as lymph. Vessels
that transport lymph. Organs that contain lymphoid tissue (eg, lymph nodes,
spleen, and thymus
What are the three things required for an infection to occur? Right Ans -
Source: Places where infectious agents (germs) live (e.g., sinks, surfaces,
human skin)
Susceptible Person with a way for germs to enter the body.
Transmission: a way germs are moved to the susceptible person.
List and describe the six links of the chain of infection Right Ans - The chain
of infection, if we think of it as an actual chain, is made up of six different links:
pathogen (infectious agent), reservoir, portal of exit, means of transmission,
portal of entry, and the new host. Each link has a unique role in the chain, and
each can be interrupted, or broken, through various means.
describe specific and non-specific defenses Right Ans - It includes both
nonspecific (innate) and specific (acquired) defenses. Nonspecific or innate
defenses. These are body defenses that are general against any type of
pathogen. They include the skin, mucous membranes, stomach acid, resident
microbes, and inflammatory response.
What is a fever? Right Ans - Fever is caused by chemicals known as
pyrogens, flowing in the bloodstream. Normally, pyrogens help the immune
system by fighting infectious agents, such as bacteria and viruses-- which are
sensitive to temperature changes
List of T cells Right Ans - Cryotoxic, Helper, Suppressor, memory
function of macrophages Right Ans - phagocytize foreign substances and
help activate T cells
What is an antigen? Right Ans - a toxin or other foreign substance which
induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of
antibodies.
, Define autoimmune disease Right Ans - relating to disease caused by
antibodies or lymphocytes produced against substances naturally present in
the body.
Define phagocytosis Right Ans - the ingestion of bacteria or other material
by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans.
what is an allergen Right Ans - any substance that causes an allergy
what is an vaccine? Right Ans - a substance used to stimulate the
production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several
diseases, prepared from the causative agent of a disease, its products, or a
synthetic substitute, treated to act as an antigen without inducing the disease.
What is Hodgkin's disease? Right Ans - predominantly B-cell malignancy
w/ unclear etiology, possibly assoc w/ EBV
What is an allergy Right Ans - A disorder in which the immune system is
overly sensitive to a foreign substance
What is splenomegaly? Right Ans - enlargement of the spleen
What is elephantiasis? Right Ans - chronic lymphatic obstruction causing
edema and skin thickening
What are the major organs of the respiratory system Right Ans - There are
3 major parts of the respiratory system: the airway, the lungs, and the muscles
of respiration. The airway, which includes the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx,
trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles, carries air between the lungs and the
body's exterior
Describe the three sections of the pharynx Right Ans - nasopharynx,
oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
What is the Adam's apple? Right Ans - Larger band of cartilage surrounding
the larynx
What is the Epiglottis? Right Ans - a flap that flips down to cover the entry
to the trachea during swallowing
List the major structures of the lymphatic system Right Ans - The
lymphatic system consists of the following :Fluid, known as lymph. Vessels
that transport lymph. Organs that contain lymphoid tissue (eg, lymph nodes,
spleen, and thymus
What are the three things required for an infection to occur? Right Ans -
Source: Places where infectious agents (germs) live (e.g., sinks, surfaces,
human skin)
Susceptible Person with a way for germs to enter the body.
Transmission: a way germs are moved to the susceptible person.
List and describe the six links of the chain of infection Right Ans - The chain
of infection, if we think of it as an actual chain, is made up of six different links:
pathogen (infectious agent), reservoir, portal of exit, means of transmission,
portal of entry, and the new host. Each link has a unique role in the chain, and
each can be interrupted, or broken, through various means.
describe specific and non-specific defenses Right Ans - It includes both
nonspecific (innate) and specific (acquired) defenses. Nonspecific or innate
defenses. These are body defenses that are general against any type of
pathogen. They include the skin, mucous membranes, stomach acid, resident
microbes, and inflammatory response.
What is a fever? Right Ans - Fever is caused by chemicals known as
pyrogens, flowing in the bloodstream. Normally, pyrogens help the immune
system by fighting infectious agents, such as bacteria and viruses-- which are
sensitive to temperature changes
List of T cells Right Ans - Cryotoxic, Helper, Suppressor, memory
function of macrophages Right Ans - phagocytize foreign substances and
help activate T cells
What is an antigen? Right Ans - a toxin or other foreign substance which
induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of
antibodies.
, Define autoimmune disease Right Ans - relating to disease caused by
antibodies or lymphocytes produced against substances naturally present in
the body.
Define phagocytosis Right Ans - the ingestion of bacteria or other material
by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans.
what is an allergen Right Ans - any substance that causes an allergy
what is an vaccine? Right Ans - a substance used to stimulate the
production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several
diseases, prepared from the causative agent of a disease, its products, or a
synthetic substitute, treated to act as an antigen without inducing the disease.
What is Hodgkin's disease? Right Ans - predominantly B-cell malignancy
w/ unclear etiology, possibly assoc w/ EBV
What is an allergy Right Ans - A disorder in which the immune system is
overly sensitive to a foreign substance
What is splenomegaly? Right Ans - enlargement of the spleen
What is elephantiasis? Right Ans - chronic lymphatic obstruction causing
edema and skin thickening
What are the major organs of the respiratory system Right Ans - There are
3 major parts of the respiratory system: the airway, the lungs, and the muscles
of respiration. The airway, which includes the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx,
trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles, carries air between the lungs and the
body's exterior
Describe the three sections of the pharynx Right Ans - nasopharynx,
oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
What is the Adam's apple? Right Ans - Larger band of cartilage surrounding
the larynx
What is the Epiglottis? Right Ans - a flap that flips down to cover the entry
to the trachea during swallowing
