HBS EOC Study Guide
what are the 4 main tissue types? - ANS: epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
what does muscle tissue have the ability to do that other tissue types do not? - ANS: ability to contract
what are the 3 types of muscle tissues? how do the structures and functions of the 3 types of tissue
vary? - ANS: skeletal: striated, multi-nuclei
smooth: non-striated, single nuclei
cardiac: striated, single nuclei
what types of tissue is bone classified as? - ANS: connective
why do you think the pelvis is often the first bone forensic anthropologist look at when determining the
sex? - ANS: it shows the biggest difference between males and females- width/height, sub public angle
What key bones would forensic anthropologists use to establish a probable ethnic background? - ANS:
The skull, the shape of the skull
what specific bones are best for height/stature determination? why is it best to have 2 or more bones
for height calculations? - ANS: long bones- femur, tibia, humerus
it's good to have 2 bones in case of an anomaly
, Describe how gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments. - ANS: separates by size using an electric
current
what is the structure and function of DNA? - ANS: DNA contains genetic information- directions for
protein synthesis, structure is a double helix
What factor(s) determine the speed by which DNA fragments will move through an electrophoresis gel?
- ANS: Smaller fragments move farther and faster.
What are restriction enzymes? What is the function of restriction enzymes? - ANS: Restriction enzymes
are produced by bacteria, cuts DNA in specific places
Why would it be important to use more than one restriction enzyme when performing an RFLP analysis?
- ANS: Because using only one may cut in the same places and not give different cuts for comparison
In terms of positive and negative poles, describe the direction DNA fragments would move through an
electrophoresis gel chamber and explain why - ANS: DNA is negatively charged so moves toward positive
end
In reference to the use of restriction enzymes, describe the terms sticky ends and blunt ends. - ANS:
Sticky ends hang over - not a straight cut, blunt ends are cut so that both sides of the DNA are the same
length
Cerebrum - ANS: main portion of the brain - higher functions, logical thought, memory, abstract
reasoning
Frontal lobe - ANS: front portion of cerebrum - cognition, memory, personality, prediction of
consequences
Parietal lobe - ANS: both back sides of cerebrum - processing of sensory input, body orientation
what are the 4 main tissue types? - ANS: epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
what does muscle tissue have the ability to do that other tissue types do not? - ANS: ability to contract
what are the 3 types of muscle tissues? how do the structures and functions of the 3 types of tissue
vary? - ANS: skeletal: striated, multi-nuclei
smooth: non-striated, single nuclei
cardiac: striated, single nuclei
what types of tissue is bone classified as? - ANS: connective
why do you think the pelvis is often the first bone forensic anthropologist look at when determining the
sex? - ANS: it shows the biggest difference between males and females- width/height, sub public angle
What key bones would forensic anthropologists use to establish a probable ethnic background? - ANS:
The skull, the shape of the skull
what specific bones are best for height/stature determination? why is it best to have 2 or more bones
for height calculations? - ANS: long bones- femur, tibia, humerus
it's good to have 2 bones in case of an anomaly
, Describe how gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments. - ANS: separates by size using an electric
current
what is the structure and function of DNA? - ANS: DNA contains genetic information- directions for
protein synthesis, structure is a double helix
What factor(s) determine the speed by which DNA fragments will move through an electrophoresis gel?
- ANS: Smaller fragments move farther and faster.
What are restriction enzymes? What is the function of restriction enzymes? - ANS: Restriction enzymes
are produced by bacteria, cuts DNA in specific places
Why would it be important to use more than one restriction enzyme when performing an RFLP analysis?
- ANS: Because using only one may cut in the same places and not give different cuts for comparison
In terms of positive and negative poles, describe the direction DNA fragments would move through an
electrophoresis gel chamber and explain why - ANS: DNA is negatively charged so moves toward positive
end
In reference to the use of restriction enzymes, describe the terms sticky ends and blunt ends. - ANS:
Sticky ends hang over - not a straight cut, blunt ends are cut so that both sides of the DNA are the same
length
Cerebrum - ANS: main portion of the brain - higher functions, logical thought, memory, abstract
reasoning
Frontal lobe - ANS: front portion of cerebrum - cognition, memory, personality, prediction of
consequences
Parietal lobe - ANS: both back sides of cerebrum - processing of sensory input, body orientation
