AWLS(questions well answered)A+ rated
Name some things that must be assessed in the Scene Survey - correct answer ✔✔- Is the scene safe?
(wild animals, fast river, etc.)
- How many people have been injured? [If victims are conscious, ask them if there were others involved]
- How they were injured? [mechanism of injury (MOI)]
- Nature of the illness (NOI)
What are the are four effective survey techniques during Patient Assessment in the wilderness - correct
answer ✔✔- Scene Survey
- Primary Survey
- Secondary Survey
- Ongoing Survey
The Assessment of a Patient in the Wilderness - correct answer ✔✔Chapter 1
Very first step in the Primary Survey? - correct answer ✔✔ask the patient if she/he would like your help
Primary Survey pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔[Airway should be checked even if the patient is
speaking]
Blood sweep checklist pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔(also detects deformities)
Secondary Survey pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔(medicine = meds they're taking)
(open their bag a dig for PMH)
Ongoing Survey pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔Check in with the patient often with AVPU
Altered Mental Status Checklist pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔
,Pain assessment pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔or just use OLDCAARTS
What is the recovery position? - correct answer ✔✔the patient is rolled onto his or her left or right side
-- extend the patient's lower arm and place the upper hand under his or her cheek
What is the first step after pulling a drowning person from the water? - correct answer ✔✔Perform
rescue breaths if the patient has a pulse.
(Since there is no massive hemorrhage, airway and respirations are the next steps for the primary
assessment)
What should you keep in mind when cleaning out a patient's wound in the backcountry? - correct
answer ✔✔Protect yourself with proper Body Substance Isolation (BSI) any time you are treating a
patient. You might need to improvise BSI in the wilderness. You should cover yourself with waterproof
clothing, even if you borrow the patient's gear.
What should be considered when exposing a patient in the backcountry to assess injury? - correct
answer ✔✔It's important to check the whole body for any hidden injuries, but it's also important to
ensure that the patient stays protected from the environment. Avoid damaging the patient's clothes,
which are a valuable resource when it's cold outside.
When you have a conscious, reliable patient with an isolated injury, what sort of PE should you do? -
correct answer ✔✔Focused PE (rather than head to toe exam)
What should you do any time there is a change in a patient's status? - correct answer ✔✔Go back and
repeat the primary survey
The Management of Wounds in the Wilderness - correct answer ✔✔
6 steps of wound care in the backcountry? - correct answer ✔✔Examination
Hemostasis
Cleaning (high pressure)
Definitive care
,Dressing
Monitoring
The first step to any wound management after the primary survey is? - correct answer ✔✔Exposure to
the injured area
How to Place a Tourniquet? - correct answer ✔✔• Place the tourniquet over clothing if possible, about
two to four inches above the wound.
• Do not place the tourniquet on a joint or directly over a wound or a fracture.
• Once the tourniquet is in place, it should be tightened so that all bleeding stops. Secure the windlass so
that it does not unwind.
• Mark the time that you placed the tourniquet on the patient's forehead, so it is rapidly visible to other
personnel when the care for the victim.
• There is no need to intermittently loosen a tourniquet for "perfusion" of an extremity.
3 great topical antibiotic ointments?
(but if you keep wound clean & moist you probably wont need it) - correct answer ✔✔- Bacitracin
(contains sulfa)
- Silvadene cream (contains sulfa)
- Honey
When to Evacuate a Wound? - correct answer ✔✔• Complex or mutilating wounds
• Grossly contaminated with penetrating debris
• Laceration of eye lid, ear or cartilage
• Penetration of bone, joint or tendon
• Bites of hands, legs or feet
• Amputations
Burns are classified in what three ways? - correct answer ✔✔• by depth
• by area
, • location on the body
3 Burn Classifications? - correct answer ✔✔
Treatment of Superficial Burns? - correct answer ✔✔• Aloe-vera gel and for comfort, cool the area with
damp, wet cloths.
• Keep the burn moist (to decrease scar formation and hasten wound healing).
• Avoid further exposure to heat and sunlight.
• May be able to stay in the backcountry if the pain is controlled.
Treatment of Partial and Full Thickness Burns? - correct answer ✔✔- Gently clean the burn with cool
water
- Trim away loose skin
- Blisters larger than 2 cm should be drained
- Apply antimicrobial ointment
- Ice only for initial analgesia if used at all
TBSA (Total Body Surface Area) for burns to aid in decision making for evacuation - Rule of 9s? - correct
answer ✔✔
When to Evacuate a Burn? - correct answer ✔✔• Partial thickness burns >10% BSA
• Full thickness burns >1% BSA
• Burn involving the face, hands, feet, or genitals
• Electrical burns
• If the burn victim is medically ill
• Uncontrolled pain
• Burns complicated by smoke or heat inhalation (evidence of smoke inhalation include difficulty
breathing, hoarse voice, singed nasal hairs, or carbon in patient's sputum)
When to drain a blister? - correct answer ✔✔- If the blister is 2 cm in diameter or larger
Name some things that must be assessed in the Scene Survey - correct answer ✔✔- Is the scene safe?
(wild animals, fast river, etc.)
- How many people have been injured? [If victims are conscious, ask them if there were others involved]
- How they were injured? [mechanism of injury (MOI)]
- Nature of the illness (NOI)
What are the are four effective survey techniques during Patient Assessment in the wilderness - correct
answer ✔✔- Scene Survey
- Primary Survey
- Secondary Survey
- Ongoing Survey
The Assessment of a Patient in the Wilderness - correct answer ✔✔Chapter 1
Very first step in the Primary Survey? - correct answer ✔✔ask the patient if she/he would like your help
Primary Survey pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔[Airway should be checked even if the patient is
speaking]
Blood sweep checklist pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔(also detects deformities)
Secondary Survey pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔(medicine = meds they're taking)
(open their bag a dig for PMH)
Ongoing Survey pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔Check in with the patient often with AVPU
Altered Mental Status Checklist pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔
,Pain assessment pneumonic? - correct answer ✔✔or just use OLDCAARTS
What is the recovery position? - correct answer ✔✔the patient is rolled onto his or her left or right side
-- extend the patient's lower arm and place the upper hand under his or her cheek
What is the first step after pulling a drowning person from the water? - correct answer ✔✔Perform
rescue breaths if the patient has a pulse.
(Since there is no massive hemorrhage, airway and respirations are the next steps for the primary
assessment)
What should you keep in mind when cleaning out a patient's wound in the backcountry? - correct
answer ✔✔Protect yourself with proper Body Substance Isolation (BSI) any time you are treating a
patient. You might need to improvise BSI in the wilderness. You should cover yourself with waterproof
clothing, even if you borrow the patient's gear.
What should be considered when exposing a patient in the backcountry to assess injury? - correct
answer ✔✔It's important to check the whole body for any hidden injuries, but it's also important to
ensure that the patient stays protected from the environment. Avoid damaging the patient's clothes,
which are a valuable resource when it's cold outside.
When you have a conscious, reliable patient with an isolated injury, what sort of PE should you do? -
correct answer ✔✔Focused PE (rather than head to toe exam)
What should you do any time there is a change in a patient's status? - correct answer ✔✔Go back and
repeat the primary survey
The Management of Wounds in the Wilderness - correct answer ✔✔
6 steps of wound care in the backcountry? - correct answer ✔✔Examination
Hemostasis
Cleaning (high pressure)
Definitive care
,Dressing
Monitoring
The first step to any wound management after the primary survey is? - correct answer ✔✔Exposure to
the injured area
How to Place a Tourniquet? - correct answer ✔✔• Place the tourniquet over clothing if possible, about
two to four inches above the wound.
• Do not place the tourniquet on a joint or directly over a wound or a fracture.
• Once the tourniquet is in place, it should be tightened so that all bleeding stops. Secure the windlass so
that it does not unwind.
• Mark the time that you placed the tourniquet on the patient's forehead, so it is rapidly visible to other
personnel when the care for the victim.
• There is no need to intermittently loosen a tourniquet for "perfusion" of an extremity.
3 great topical antibiotic ointments?
(but if you keep wound clean & moist you probably wont need it) - correct answer ✔✔- Bacitracin
(contains sulfa)
- Silvadene cream (contains sulfa)
- Honey
When to Evacuate a Wound? - correct answer ✔✔• Complex or mutilating wounds
• Grossly contaminated with penetrating debris
• Laceration of eye lid, ear or cartilage
• Penetration of bone, joint or tendon
• Bites of hands, legs or feet
• Amputations
Burns are classified in what three ways? - correct answer ✔✔• by depth
• by area
, • location on the body
3 Burn Classifications? - correct answer ✔✔
Treatment of Superficial Burns? - correct answer ✔✔• Aloe-vera gel and for comfort, cool the area with
damp, wet cloths.
• Keep the burn moist (to decrease scar formation and hasten wound healing).
• Avoid further exposure to heat and sunlight.
• May be able to stay in the backcountry if the pain is controlled.
Treatment of Partial and Full Thickness Burns? - correct answer ✔✔- Gently clean the burn with cool
water
- Trim away loose skin
- Blisters larger than 2 cm should be drained
- Apply antimicrobial ointment
- Ice only for initial analgesia if used at all
TBSA (Total Body Surface Area) for burns to aid in decision making for evacuation - Rule of 9s? - correct
answer ✔✔
When to Evacuate a Burn? - correct answer ✔✔• Partial thickness burns >10% BSA
• Full thickness burns >1% BSA
• Burn involving the face, hands, feet, or genitals
• Electrical burns
• If the burn victim is medically ill
• Uncontrolled pain
• Burns complicated by smoke or heat inhalation (evidence of smoke inhalation include difficulty
breathing, hoarse voice, singed nasal hairs, or carbon in patient's sputum)
When to drain a blister? - correct answer ✔✔- If the blister is 2 cm in diameter or larger
