NURS 2245 Exam 1 Guide With
Complete Solution
Perfusion - ANSWER passage of nutrients and oxygenated blood through the
body to the cells
removal of cellular waste products
what does perfusion depend on? - ANSWER normal functioning of the
respiratory and cardiac systems
influences of perfusion - ANSWER pump: poor pump, poor perfusion
volume: decrease, then decrease blood to carry O2
INCREASE: volume = organs compensate for the high supply
vessels: HTN, stiff, increase cholesterol
veins: problem e.g. edema, blood can not go back to heart
impaired tissue perfusion - ANSWER central: heart, shock
peripheral: arteries, veins
modifiable risk factors: impaired perfusion - ANSWER smoking
elevated cholesterol
sedentary lifestyle
obesity
diabetes
,HTN
personality?
Unmodifiable risk factors: impaired perfusion - ANSWER age
gender: women: menopause decrease protective estrogen; increase heart
problems
genetics
perfusion: central and local arteries - ANSWER pulses
color of extremities
one of the most controllable risk factors for CVD is? - ANSWER obesity
(#1 smoking
#2 obesity)
which of the following risk factors is NOT reduced by moderate exercise? -
ANSWER smoking
coronary arteries - ANSWER receive blood during ventricular relaxation:
diastole
coronary artery, pacemaker where? - ANSWER SA node
R atrium
R ventricle
LAD (left anterior descending artery) - ANSWER L ventricle
L coronary artery
,widow maker
* most commonly occluded of coronary arteries
supplies the front and bottom of the left ventricle and the front of the
septum.
block of LAD? - ANSWER block of impulse conduction between atria and
ventricles known as "right/left bundle branch block"
circumflex artery supplies?
a.k.a. circumflex branch of left coronary artery - ANSWER supplies most of
the left atrium: the posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle, and
part of the anterior papillary muscle
may give off a variable number of left marginal branches to supply the left
ventricle.
right coronary artery supplies blood to? - ANSWER right ventricle
the right atrium
SA (sinoatrial) and AV (atrioventricular) nodes: regulate the heart rhythm.
right coronary artery divides into? - ANSWER smaller branches:
, right posterior descending artery
acute marginal artery
function of the heart? - ANSWER maintain blood flow throughout the CV
system
maintain perfusion to all cells in the body under various conditions
electro-physiologic properties - ANSWER automaticity: automatic and
independent; generate a pulse and heartbeat
autonomic nervous system
autonomic nervous system - ANSWER sympathetic: increase: heart rate, rate
of conduction, contraction strength
parasympathetic: decrease: heart rate, conductivity, contractility; strong
vagal nerve response (vagus nerve): N &V
SA node in r/t autonomic nervous system? - ANSWER SA node:
increase: sympathetic
decrease: parasympathetic
Cardiac Output (CO) - ANSWER amount of blood pumped from L
Complete Solution
Perfusion - ANSWER passage of nutrients and oxygenated blood through the
body to the cells
removal of cellular waste products
what does perfusion depend on? - ANSWER normal functioning of the
respiratory and cardiac systems
influences of perfusion - ANSWER pump: poor pump, poor perfusion
volume: decrease, then decrease blood to carry O2
INCREASE: volume = organs compensate for the high supply
vessels: HTN, stiff, increase cholesterol
veins: problem e.g. edema, blood can not go back to heart
impaired tissue perfusion - ANSWER central: heart, shock
peripheral: arteries, veins
modifiable risk factors: impaired perfusion - ANSWER smoking
elevated cholesterol
sedentary lifestyle
obesity
diabetes
,HTN
personality?
Unmodifiable risk factors: impaired perfusion - ANSWER age
gender: women: menopause decrease protective estrogen; increase heart
problems
genetics
perfusion: central and local arteries - ANSWER pulses
color of extremities
one of the most controllable risk factors for CVD is? - ANSWER obesity
(#1 smoking
#2 obesity)
which of the following risk factors is NOT reduced by moderate exercise? -
ANSWER smoking
coronary arteries - ANSWER receive blood during ventricular relaxation:
diastole
coronary artery, pacemaker where? - ANSWER SA node
R atrium
R ventricle
LAD (left anterior descending artery) - ANSWER L ventricle
L coronary artery
,widow maker
* most commonly occluded of coronary arteries
supplies the front and bottom of the left ventricle and the front of the
septum.
block of LAD? - ANSWER block of impulse conduction between atria and
ventricles known as "right/left bundle branch block"
circumflex artery supplies?
a.k.a. circumflex branch of left coronary artery - ANSWER supplies most of
the left atrium: the posterior and lateral free walls of the left ventricle, and
part of the anterior papillary muscle
may give off a variable number of left marginal branches to supply the left
ventricle.
right coronary artery supplies blood to? - ANSWER right ventricle
the right atrium
SA (sinoatrial) and AV (atrioventricular) nodes: regulate the heart rhythm.
right coronary artery divides into? - ANSWER smaller branches:
, right posterior descending artery
acute marginal artery
function of the heart? - ANSWER maintain blood flow throughout the CV
system
maintain perfusion to all cells in the body under various conditions
electro-physiologic properties - ANSWER automaticity: automatic and
independent; generate a pulse and heartbeat
autonomic nervous system
autonomic nervous system - ANSWER sympathetic: increase: heart rate, rate
of conduction, contraction strength
parasympathetic: decrease: heart rate, conductivity, contractility; strong
vagal nerve response (vagus nerve): N &V
SA node in r/t autonomic nervous system? - ANSWER SA node:
increase: sympathetic
decrease: parasympathetic
Cardiac Output (CO) - ANSWER amount of blood pumped from L
