©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Nclex exam study guide solutions
pH - ANSWER✔✔-7.35-7.45
PCO2 - ANSWER✔✔-35-45
HCO3 - ANSWER✔✔-22-28
PO2 - ANSWER✔✔-80-100%
SaO2 - ANSWER✔✔-96-100%
BUN - ANSWER✔✔-8-25
Creatinine - ANSWER✔✔-0.5-1
Total cholesterol - ANSWER✔✔-under 200
HDL - ANSWER✔✔-30-70
LDL - ANSWER✔✔-less than 130
Triglycerides - ANSWER✔✔-under 200
Page 1/131
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
protein - ANSWER✔✔-6-8
albumin - ANSWER✔✔-3.5-5
amylase - ANSWER✔✔-25-151
lipase - ANSWER✔✔-10-140
ammonia - ANSWER✔✔-10-80
ALT/AST - ANSWER✔✔-10-40
Bilirubin - ANSWER✔✔-total less then 1.5
glucose - ANSWER✔✔-70-100
A1C - ANSWER✔✔-under 6%
hemoglobin - ANSWER✔✔-woman 12-15, male 14-16
hematocrit - ANSWER✔✔-female 35-45% male 40-50%
platelets - ANSWER✔✔-150,000-400,000
aPTT - ANSWER✔✔-20-30 seconds
PT - ANSWER✔✔-9-11 seconds
Page 2/131
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
INR - ANSWER✔✔-1 (with warfarin 2-3)
K - ANSWER✔✔-3.5-5.0: intracellular, neuromuscular/muscular contraction, regulated by kidney.
o Foods: avocado, potatoes, spinach, strawberries, tomatoes, raisins
o NEVER GIVEN IV PUSH, IM, SUBQ, max infusion 10 mEq/hr, K can cause phlebitis=assess IV site
frequently, assess renal function before administering, monitor I&O
o High/low=impacted heart rhythm, and muscle function w/ leg cramping
o High d/t: K retaining diuretics, CRF, Addison's, tissue damage- if CRF=Kayexalate, IV glucose with
insulin, Ca, dialysis, avoid salt substitutes
o Low d/t diuretics/corticosteroids, vomiting, diarrhea, NG suction, CRF, -no supplements on empty
stomach
o Hypo=st depression Hyper=Tall T waves
Na - ANSWER✔✔-135-145: extracellular, regulates cell size and osmosis, maintains water balance, nerve
impulses, muscle contraction, BP, blood volume, regulates acid-base balance, regulated by salt intake,
aldosterone, urinary output
o Hyponatremia: d/t burns, diarrhea, HF, diuretics, vomiting, diaphoresis, CRF, SIADH, ^BS *Lithium Tox!
• S/s: mental confusion, seizures, hallucinations, brain herniation, death
Page 3/131
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
o Hypernatremia: HTN, edema, Cushing's, CRF, hyperaldosteronism, hormones, NSAIDS
• s/s: lethargic, excitability, hypovolemia, pulm edema, muscle twitches, coma, dry flushed skin
Chloride - ANSWER✔✔-96-106: helps balance Na, extracellular fluid
WBC - ANSWER✔✔-5,000-10,oo0
60% Neutrophil: bacteria/fungus
40% Lymphocyte: virus/tumor
8% Monocyte: nonspecific
3% Eosinophil: allergies
0% Basophil: allergies
Troponin - ANSWER✔✔-lower then 0.1
BNP - ANSWER✔✔-under 100 (+100=HF)
Mg - ANSWER✔✔-1.5-2.5: ½ in bone, muscle and nerve function, heart rhythm
o Hypermg: d/t CRF, antacids, Addisons, DM- give calcium gluconate
• s/s: lethargy, n/v, slurred speech, weakness, decreased DTR, slowed cardiac conduction
Page 4/131
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
Nclex exam study guide solutions
pH - ANSWER✔✔-7.35-7.45
PCO2 - ANSWER✔✔-35-45
HCO3 - ANSWER✔✔-22-28
PO2 - ANSWER✔✔-80-100%
SaO2 - ANSWER✔✔-96-100%
BUN - ANSWER✔✔-8-25
Creatinine - ANSWER✔✔-0.5-1
Total cholesterol - ANSWER✔✔-under 200
HDL - ANSWER✔✔-30-70
LDL - ANSWER✔✔-less than 130
Triglycerides - ANSWER✔✔-under 200
Page 1/131
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
protein - ANSWER✔✔-6-8
albumin - ANSWER✔✔-3.5-5
amylase - ANSWER✔✔-25-151
lipase - ANSWER✔✔-10-140
ammonia - ANSWER✔✔-10-80
ALT/AST - ANSWER✔✔-10-40
Bilirubin - ANSWER✔✔-total less then 1.5
glucose - ANSWER✔✔-70-100
A1C - ANSWER✔✔-under 6%
hemoglobin - ANSWER✔✔-woman 12-15, male 14-16
hematocrit - ANSWER✔✔-female 35-45% male 40-50%
platelets - ANSWER✔✔-150,000-400,000
aPTT - ANSWER✔✔-20-30 seconds
PT - ANSWER✔✔-9-11 seconds
Page 2/131
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
INR - ANSWER✔✔-1 (with warfarin 2-3)
K - ANSWER✔✔-3.5-5.0: intracellular, neuromuscular/muscular contraction, regulated by kidney.
o Foods: avocado, potatoes, spinach, strawberries, tomatoes, raisins
o NEVER GIVEN IV PUSH, IM, SUBQ, max infusion 10 mEq/hr, K can cause phlebitis=assess IV site
frequently, assess renal function before administering, monitor I&O
o High/low=impacted heart rhythm, and muscle function w/ leg cramping
o High d/t: K retaining diuretics, CRF, Addison's, tissue damage- if CRF=Kayexalate, IV glucose with
insulin, Ca, dialysis, avoid salt substitutes
o Low d/t diuretics/corticosteroids, vomiting, diarrhea, NG suction, CRF, -no supplements on empty
stomach
o Hypo=st depression Hyper=Tall T waves
Na - ANSWER✔✔-135-145: extracellular, regulates cell size and osmosis, maintains water balance, nerve
impulses, muscle contraction, BP, blood volume, regulates acid-base balance, regulated by salt intake,
aldosterone, urinary output
o Hyponatremia: d/t burns, diarrhea, HF, diuretics, vomiting, diaphoresis, CRF, SIADH, ^BS *Lithium Tox!
• S/s: mental confusion, seizures, hallucinations, brain herniation, death
Page 3/131
, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
o Hypernatremia: HTN, edema, Cushing's, CRF, hyperaldosteronism, hormones, NSAIDS
• s/s: lethargic, excitability, hypovolemia, pulm edema, muscle twitches, coma, dry flushed skin
Chloride - ANSWER✔✔-96-106: helps balance Na, extracellular fluid
WBC - ANSWER✔✔-5,000-10,oo0
60% Neutrophil: bacteria/fungus
40% Lymphocyte: virus/tumor
8% Monocyte: nonspecific
3% Eosinophil: allergies
0% Basophil: allergies
Troponin - ANSWER✔✔-lower then 0.1
BNP - ANSWER✔✔-under 100 (+100=HF)
Mg - ANSWER✔✔-1.5-2.5: ½ in bone, muscle and nerve function, heart rhythm
o Hypermg: d/t CRF, antacids, Addisons, DM- give calcium gluconate
• s/s: lethargy, n/v, slurred speech, weakness, decreased DTR, slowed cardiac conduction
Page 4/131
