PECT PreK-4 All Modules Q&A
Explicit instruction - (correct answer)Direct, skill-based, holistic, in context,
developmentally appropriate, student centered and directed
Formative assessment - (correct answer)provides ongoing feedback, identifies
strengths, weaknesses, and target areas, low stakes, addresses problems immediately
Summative assessment - (correct answer)evaluates learning at the end of a unit and
compares it against some standard or benchmark, high stakes, (midterm, final, paper)
Scaffolding - (correct answer)Promotes deeper level of learning, support tailored to
needs of student (modeling, coaching) that is gradually removed
Inquiry-based learning - (correct answer)poses questions, problems or scenarios -
rather than simply presenting established facts; assisted by a facilitator
Assessment anchors - (correct answer)tools to better align curriculum, instruction, and
assessment practices
LEA (Language Experience Approach) - (correct answer)combines all 4 language skills,
aids fluency, centered around learner generated text.
Step 1) A shared experience, 2) creating the text, 3) read and revise, 4) read and
reread, 5) extension
Receptive language - (correct answer)the ability to understand or comprehend language
heard or read
Expressive language - (correct answer)being able to put thoughts into words and
sentences that make sense and are grammatically accurate
, Family systems theory - (correct answer)(Dr. Murray Bowen) individuals cannot be
understood in isolation from one another, but rather as a part of their family, which is an
emotional unit
Constructivist Approach - (correct answer)the learner is an active participant in building
understanding and knowledge. Use hands-on exploration with concrete materials.
Realistic and relevant learning situations. Uses scaffolding
Alphabetic principle - (correct answer)the understanding that the letters used in writing
represent the component sounds in spoken words
Informal assessment - (correct answer)Sometimes referred to as criterion referenced
measures. Performance is not being evaluated against established standards or rubrics,
not data driven. Content and performance driven. (anecdotal notes, teacher
observations, running records, rubric scores, etc.) Used to inform instruction.
Formal assessment - (correct answer)Assess overall achievement, compare student
performance with others at their grade or rangeHave data which support the
conclusions made from the test (standardized measures). Use statistics. Data is
mathematically computed and summarized. Scores are percentiles, stanines, or
standard scores.
Diphthong - (correct answer)a sound made by combining two vowels, specifically when
it starts as one vowel sound and goes to another (oy in oil). Refers to two adjacent
vowel sounds occurring within the same syllable.
Phonological awareness - (correct answer)Student should be able to recognize and use
rhyme, break words into syllables, blend phonemes into syllables and words, identify
the beginning and ending sounds in a syllable, and see smaller words within larger
words ("cat" in "catalog").
Explicit instruction - (correct answer)Direct, skill-based, holistic, in context,
developmentally appropriate, student centered and directed
Formative assessment - (correct answer)provides ongoing feedback, identifies
strengths, weaknesses, and target areas, low stakes, addresses problems immediately
Summative assessment - (correct answer)evaluates learning at the end of a unit and
compares it against some standard or benchmark, high stakes, (midterm, final, paper)
Scaffolding - (correct answer)Promotes deeper level of learning, support tailored to
needs of student (modeling, coaching) that is gradually removed
Inquiry-based learning - (correct answer)poses questions, problems or scenarios -
rather than simply presenting established facts; assisted by a facilitator
Assessment anchors - (correct answer)tools to better align curriculum, instruction, and
assessment practices
LEA (Language Experience Approach) - (correct answer)combines all 4 language skills,
aids fluency, centered around learner generated text.
Step 1) A shared experience, 2) creating the text, 3) read and revise, 4) read and
reread, 5) extension
Receptive language - (correct answer)the ability to understand or comprehend language
heard or read
Expressive language - (correct answer)being able to put thoughts into words and
sentences that make sense and are grammatically accurate
, Family systems theory - (correct answer)(Dr. Murray Bowen) individuals cannot be
understood in isolation from one another, but rather as a part of their family, which is an
emotional unit
Constructivist Approach - (correct answer)the learner is an active participant in building
understanding and knowledge. Use hands-on exploration with concrete materials.
Realistic and relevant learning situations. Uses scaffolding
Alphabetic principle - (correct answer)the understanding that the letters used in writing
represent the component sounds in spoken words
Informal assessment - (correct answer)Sometimes referred to as criterion referenced
measures. Performance is not being evaluated against established standards or rubrics,
not data driven. Content and performance driven. (anecdotal notes, teacher
observations, running records, rubric scores, etc.) Used to inform instruction.
Formal assessment - (correct answer)Assess overall achievement, compare student
performance with others at their grade or rangeHave data which support the
conclusions made from the test (standardized measures). Use statistics. Data is
mathematically computed and summarized. Scores are percentiles, stanines, or
standard scores.
Diphthong - (correct answer)a sound made by combining two vowels, specifically when
it starts as one vowel sound and goes to another (oy in oil). Refers to two adjacent
vowel sounds occurring within the same syllable.
Phonological awareness - (correct answer)Student should be able to recognize and use
rhyme, break words into syllables, blend phonemes into syllables and words, identify
the beginning and ending sounds in a syllable, and see smaller words within larger
words ("cat" in "catalog").
