NUSA 203 Exam 2 With Complete Solution

NUSA 203 Exam 2 With
Complete Solution

Musculoskeletal changes with aging - ANSWER - osteopenia (loss of bone
density)

- loss of cartilage

- cartilage compression

- atrophy of muscle tissue

Musculoskeletal assessment - ANSWER - medical history (include injuries no
matter how long ago, comorbidities)

- ability to perform ADLs

- current lifestyle

- allergies

- meds

- nutrition

Imaging - ANSWER - x-rays

- bone scan

- MRI

- ultrasound

Diagnostic tests - ANSWER - biopsy (bone or muscle)

,- arthroscopy

Osteoporosis - ANSWER often not diagnosed until fracture occurs

Generalized osteoporosis - ANSWER - primary: occurs in 70s-80s

- secondary: result of other conditions

Regional osteoporosis - ANSWER restricted to one area as a result of
immobilization

Osteoporosis risk factors - ANSWER - caffeine

- low calcium intake

- low vitamin D levels

- postmenopause

- smoking

- thin build

- lack of physical activity




Osteoporosis complications - ANSWER - fractures

- pain




Osteoporosis S/S - ANSWER - height loss

- pain

- low serum Ca and vitamin D

, Nursing care for osteoporosis - ANSWER - nutritional management

- fall prevention

- exercise

- drug therapy: supplements, hormone, replacement




Osteomyelitis - ANSWER - infection of the bone

- very difficult to treat




Osteomyelitis S/S - ANSWER - bone pain

- fever

- swelling around infected area

- elevated WBC




Osteomyelitis treatment - ANSWER - long term antibiotics

- hyperbaric treatment

- incision and debridement

- removal of affected portion of bone




Fractures - ANSWER - break or disruption of integrity of bone