1
NURS 231 PATHOPHYS FINAL ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>True
proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>sensitivity
how likely the same result will occur if repeated - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>reliability
how a tool measures what it is intended to measure - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>validity
people without the disease who are negative on a given test - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>specificity
1
,2
Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>it includes
peroxisomes and proteasomes
Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>1: Proteins carry out the functions of the cell
membrane
2:Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
3:Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures
A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>False
Barrett esophagus
is an example of dysplasia - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>false
hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an
increase in the number of cells - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>True
Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>1: Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to within
2:Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
3: Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>1: They are found far from the site of energy consumption.
2:They control free radicals.
2
,3
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>pathophysiology
A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure. What are
these examples of? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>signs and symptoms
Which of the following is true of a test's sensitivity? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>If negative, it can safely be assumed that the person does not have a
disease
Chemical agents (poison, alcohol) are examples of which of the following? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>Etiologic factors
Define tertiary prevention and give an example: - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>Tertiary prevention occurs after a disease has been diagnosed and
clinical intervention is needed to reduce complications or deterioration. One
example is the use of certain medications one must take after a heart attack to
help reduce the risk of a future event or death.
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry and
shrinks, the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to dark brown or black. The
spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in arterial blood supply and
is a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the affected area is cold,
swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist, black, and under tension. Blebs form on
the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by bacterial action. The
spread of tissue damage is rapid.
3
, 4
Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of
necrosis. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>necrosis is cell death to an organ or tissue
with still being apart of a living person. An example of this would be luiquefactive
necrosis. this is when the cells die and the catalytic enzymes do not get destroyed
after the cells death. This could cause necrosis
sunburn - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>radiation injury
obesity - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>nutritional imbalances
reactive oxygen species - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>free radical injury
low oxygen to tissues - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>hypoxic cell injury
fractures - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>physical agents
OTC drugs - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>Chemical injury
hypothermia - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>physical agents
radiation treatment - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>radiation injury
lead toxicity - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>chemical injury
bacteria - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>biologic agents
4
NURS 231 PATHOPHYS FINAL ACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>True
proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>sensitivity
how likely the same result will occur if repeated - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>reliability
how a tool measures what it is intended to measure - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>validity
people without the disease who are negative on a given test - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>specificity
1
,2
Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>it includes
peroxisomes and proteasomes
Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>1: Proteins carry out the functions of the cell
membrane
2:Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
3:Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures
A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>False
Barrett esophagus
is an example of dysplasia - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>false
hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an
increase in the number of cells - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>True
Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>1: Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to within
2:Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
3: Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>1: They are found far from the site of energy consumption.
2:They control free radicals.
2
,3
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>pathophysiology
A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure. What are
these examples of? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>signs and symptoms
Which of the following is true of a test's sensitivity? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>If negative, it can safely be assumed that the person does not have a
disease
Chemical agents (poison, alcohol) are examples of which of the following? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>Etiologic factors
Define tertiary prevention and give an example: - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>Tertiary prevention occurs after a disease has been diagnosed and
clinical intervention is needed to reduce complications or deterioration. One
example is the use of certain medications one must take after a heart attack to
help reduce the risk of a future event or death.
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry and
shrinks, the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to dark brown or black. The
spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in arterial blood supply and
is a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the affected area is cold,
swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist, black, and under tension. Blebs form on
the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by bacterial action. The
spread of tissue damage is rapid.
3
, 4
Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of
necrosis. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>necrosis is cell death to an organ or tissue
with still being apart of a living person. An example of this would be luiquefactive
necrosis. this is when the cells die and the catalytic enzymes do not get destroyed
after the cells death. This could cause necrosis
sunburn - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>radiation injury
obesity - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>nutritional imbalances
reactive oxygen species - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>free radical injury
low oxygen to tissues - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>hypoxic cell injury
fractures - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>physical agents
OTC drugs - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>Chemical injury
hypothermia - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>physical agents
radiation treatment - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>radiation injury
lead toxicity - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>chemical injury
bacteria - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>biologic agents
4
