NUR 303 Exam 2 Guide With
Complete Solution
Critical Thinking Paul & Elder 2005 - ANSWER -A process by which the
thinker improves the quality of her thinking by taking charge of the
structures inherent in thinking and imposing intellectual standards upon
them
Critical Thinkers. - ANSWER -Raises questions/problems and formulates them
clearly and precisely
-Gathers and assesses relevant information
-Uses abstract ideas for interpretation
-Develops conclusions that are well-reasoned, testing against relevant
standards
-Is open-minded and recognizes alternative views
Solutions to complex problems are communicated effectively.
What assumptions have I made about this patient?
How do I know my assumptions are accurate?
Do I need any additional information?
How might I look at this situation differently? - ANSWER Critical thinking in
Nursing involves four questions.
Patient & Family - ANSWER Critical thinking is driven by needs of
,Practice - ANSWER Nurses' critical thinking ability improves with.
The Nursing Process An Intellectual Standard - ANSWER •is a strategy of
clinical problem solving
-A prescribed sequence of steps designed to achieve the goals of nursing
Yura and Walsh, 1983)
•The foundation of nursing standards and practice
•Began to be identified in the 1960s, when components of nursing's
intellectual processes were identified and named
•1970s-1980s: Debate about developing and using nursing diagnosis
Human responses that can be the focus of independent nursing intervention.
•National Group for the Classification of Nursing Diagnosis (1973) - ANSWER
-First list of nursing diagnoses
-Now known as NANDA-I (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association
International) and is international
HIPAA - ANSWER Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
•Phase 1: Assessment (Nursing Process) - ANSWER -Two types of data -
•Subjective patient data: Symptoms; Collected during interview
•Objective data through observation: Signs; Collected during assessment
•Data Sources
•Be aware of possible barriers to data collection
,•Phase 2: Analyze and Identify the Problem (Nursing Process) - ANSWER
-Validate data and compare to norms
-Cluster and group data to identify problem
-Identify relationship of pieces of data with each other
-Use of nursing diagnosis and prioritizing nursing diagnosis
•Problem (NANDA Dx)
•Etiology (Related to)
•Signs and Symptoms (AEB, AMB)
•Then prioritize it
-Danger to patient (ABCs)
-Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER Writing a Nursing Diagnosis
•Phase 3: Planning (Nursing Process) - ANSWER -Identify patient goals
(objectives); short & long term
•What the pt will do
•Measureable
•Conditions
•Specific time frame to accomplish
-Determine ways to meet them
, •Use patient goals and outcomes statements
•Select among three types of interventions (nursing orders)
-Independent, dependent, interdependent
•Write the Plan of Care
•Phase 4: Implementation of Planned Interventions (Nursing Process) -
ANSWER -Implementation is the actual carrying out of orders
-Done in an organized and expert manner
-Observed continually in the patient while the nursing intervention is being
implemented
-Recording of nursing activities is an inevitable and inseparable part of this
implementation phase
•Stage 5: Evaluation or Judgement (Nursing Process) - Appropriate Nursing
Practice -Nurse assesses patient's progress
-Observes progress in relation to the goals and the outcome criteria to
determine whether the problem is:
•Solved
•Being solved, or
•Unsolved
-Evaluation is essential; identifies those changes that need to be made to
Complete Solution
Critical Thinking Paul & Elder 2005 - ANSWER -A process by which the
thinker improves the quality of her thinking by taking charge of the
structures inherent in thinking and imposing intellectual standards upon
them
Critical Thinkers. - ANSWER -Raises questions/problems and formulates them
clearly and precisely
-Gathers and assesses relevant information
-Uses abstract ideas for interpretation
-Develops conclusions that are well-reasoned, testing against relevant
standards
-Is open-minded and recognizes alternative views
Solutions to complex problems are communicated effectively.
What assumptions have I made about this patient?
How do I know my assumptions are accurate?
Do I need any additional information?
How might I look at this situation differently? - ANSWER Critical thinking in
Nursing involves four questions.
Patient & Family - ANSWER Critical thinking is driven by needs of
,Practice - ANSWER Nurses' critical thinking ability improves with.
The Nursing Process An Intellectual Standard - ANSWER •is a strategy of
clinical problem solving
-A prescribed sequence of steps designed to achieve the goals of nursing
Yura and Walsh, 1983)
•The foundation of nursing standards and practice
•Began to be identified in the 1960s, when components of nursing's
intellectual processes were identified and named
•1970s-1980s: Debate about developing and using nursing diagnosis
Human responses that can be the focus of independent nursing intervention.
•National Group for the Classification of Nursing Diagnosis (1973) - ANSWER
-First list of nursing diagnoses
-Now known as NANDA-I (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association
International) and is international
HIPAA - ANSWER Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
•Phase 1: Assessment (Nursing Process) - ANSWER -Two types of data -
•Subjective patient data: Symptoms; Collected during interview
•Objective data through observation: Signs; Collected during assessment
•Data Sources
•Be aware of possible barriers to data collection
,•Phase 2: Analyze and Identify the Problem (Nursing Process) - ANSWER
-Validate data and compare to norms
-Cluster and group data to identify problem
-Identify relationship of pieces of data with each other
-Use of nursing diagnosis and prioritizing nursing diagnosis
•Problem (NANDA Dx)
•Etiology (Related to)
•Signs and Symptoms (AEB, AMB)
•Then prioritize it
-Danger to patient (ABCs)
-Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER Writing a Nursing Diagnosis
•Phase 3: Planning (Nursing Process) - ANSWER -Identify patient goals
(objectives); short & long term
•What the pt will do
•Measureable
•Conditions
•Specific time frame to accomplish
-Determine ways to meet them
, •Use patient goals and outcomes statements
•Select among three types of interventions (nursing orders)
-Independent, dependent, interdependent
•Write the Plan of Care
•Phase 4: Implementation of Planned Interventions (Nursing Process) -
ANSWER -Implementation is the actual carrying out of orders
-Done in an organized and expert manner
-Observed continually in the patient while the nursing intervention is being
implemented
-Recording of nursing activities is an inevitable and inseparable part of this
implementation phase
•Stage 5: Evaluation or Judgement (Nursing Process) - Appropriate Nursing
Practice -Nurse assesses patient's progress
-Observes progress in relation to the goals and the outcome criteria to
determine whether the problem is:
•Solved
•Being solved, or
•Unsolved
-Evaluation is essential; identifies those changes that need to be made to
