NURS 258 Exam 2 Guide With
Complete Solution
Where does angina radiate to? -ANSWER mid-sternal to jaw, arm, upper back
What is SOB a symptom of? -ANSWER decreased CO
What is fatigue a symptom of? -ANSWER CHF
What does JVD present a symptom of? -ANSWER right-sided heart failure
Where is the apical pulse found? -ANSWER 5th ICS at Mid-clavicular line;
palpable in about half the population
What does it mean if the heart makes forcible thrusts that are palpable
through to the chest wall? -ANSWER hypertrophy; increased workload on the
heart
What is a bruit? -ANSWER soft pitch sounds heard through bell of
stethoscope in arteries; indicates turbulence (occlusion)
Where is the aortic valve sound located? -ANSWER 2nd right ICS, right
sternal border
Where is the sound for the pulmonic valve? - ANSWER 2nd left ICS, left
sternal border
Where is the sound for the tricuspid valve? - ANSWER lower left sternal
border
Where is the sound for the mitral valve? - ANSWER 5th ICS, left MCL
,Where is Erb's point? - ANSWER 3rd ICS, left sternal border; not commonly
used
What does s1 sound coincide with? - ANSWER carotid pulse
Lab value for Hgb (males) - ANSWER 14-17.4 g/dL
Lab value for Hgb (females) - ANSWER 12-16 g/dL
Lab value for hct (males) - ANSWER 42-52 %
Lab value for hct (females) - ANSWER 36-48 %
Lab value for RBC (males) - ANSWER 4.2-5.4 million/mm3
Lab value for RBC (females) - ANSWER 3.6-5.0 million/mm3
Platelets lab value - ANSWER 140,000-400,000/mm3
Serum albumin lab value - ANSWER 3.5-5.2 g/dL
Potassium lab value - ANSWER 3.5-5.2 mEq/L
Lab value for sodium - ANSWER 136-145 mEq/L
Calcium lab value - ANSWER 8.8-10.4 mg/dL
Magnesium lab value - ANSWER 1.8-2.6 mg/dL
Cardiac enzymes increase when? - ANSWER with cardiac muscle damage
What is BUN & Creatinine assessing for? - ANSWER kidney function; heart
and kidney function closely related
Why are lipids and triglycerides assessed with cardiac labs? - ANSWER if
elevated, there is a risk for coronary heart disease
Why is glucose checked with cardiac labs? - ANSWER connect stress to
, diabetes
Why are coagulation studies performed? - ANSWER need baseline for several
meds PT, PTT, INR
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) - ANSWER attach 12 leads to evaluate
electrical activity of heart
Exercise stress testing - ANSWER patient runs on treadmill to monitor
oxygen delivery with increased workload
Echocardiography - ANSWER ultrasound to evaluate the valves, muscle
function and inflammation
Heart catheterization/ angiography - ANSWER examines the coronary
arteries as well as functioning of the heart
Doppler studies - ANSWER carotid arteries-ultrasound; evaluates the carotid
arteries for plaque formation
Electrophysiology studies - ANSWER map out electrical pathways
Chest x-ray - ANSWER evaluate for cardiomegaly, fluid, etc.
What are lifespan considerations for the heart with infants and children?
-ANSWER increase in left ventricle mass during first year; position in
Complete Solution
Where does angina radiate to? -ANSWER mid-sternal to jaw, arm, upper back
What is SOB a symptom of? -ANSWER decreased CO
What is fatigue a symptom of? -ANSWER CHF
What does JVD present a symptom of? -ANSWER right-sided heart failure
Where is the apical pulse found? -ANSWER 5th ICS at Mid-clavicular line;
palpable in about half the population
What does it mean if the heart makes forcible thrusts that are palpable
through to the chest wall? -ANSWER hypertrophy; increased workload on the
heart
What is a bruit? -ANSWER soft pitch sounds heard through bell of
stethoscope in arteries; indicates turbulence (occlusion)
Where is the aortic valve sound located? -ANSWER 2nd right ICS, right
sternal border
Where is the sound for the pulmonic valve? - ANSWER 2nd left ICS, left
sternal border
Where is the sound for the tricuspid valve? - ANSWER lower left sternal
border
Where is the sound for the mitral valve? - ANSWER 5th ICS, left MCL
,Where is Erb's point? - ANSWER 3rd ICS, left sternal border; not commonly
used
What does s1 sound coincide with? - ANSWER carotid pulse
Lab value for Hgb (males) - ANSWER 14-17.4 g/dL
Lab value for Hgb (females) - ANSWER 12-16 g/dL
Lab value for hct (males) - ANSWER 42-52 %
Lab value for hct (females) - ANSWER 36-48 %
Lab value for RBC (males) - ANSWER 4.2-5.4 million/mm3
Lab value for RBC (females) - ANSWER 3.6-5.0 million/mm3
Platelets lab value - ANSWER 140,000-400,000/mm3
Serum albumin lab value - ANSWER 3.5-5.2 g/dL
Potassium lab value - ANSWER 3.5-5.2 mEq/L
Lab value for sodium - ANSWER 136-145 mEq/L
Calcium lab value - ANSWER 8.8-10.4 mg/dL
Magnesium lab value - ANSWER 1.8-2.6 mg/dL
Cardiac enzymes increase when? - ANSWER with cardiac muscle damage
What is BUN & Creatinine assessing for? - ANSWER kidney function; heart
and kidney function closely related
Why are lipids and triglycerides assessed with cardiac labs? - ANSWER if
elevated, there is a risk for coronary heart disease
Why is glucose checked with cardiac labs? - ANSWER connect stress to
, diabetes
Why are coagulation studies performed? - ANSWER need baseline for several
meds PT, PTT, INR
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) - ANSWER attach 12 leads to evaluate
electrical activity of heart
Exercise stress testing - ANSWER patient runs on treadmill to monitor
oxygen delivery with increased workload
Echocardiography - ANSWER ultrasound to evaluate the valves, muscle
function and inflammation
Heart catheterization/ angiography - ANSWER examines the coronary
arteries as well as functioning of the heart
Doppler studies - ANSWER carotid arteries-ultrasound; evaluates the carotid
arteries for plaque formation
Electrophysiology studies - ANSWER map out electrical pathways
Chest x-ray - ANSWER evaluate for cardiomegaly, fluid, etc.
What are lifespan considerations for the heart with infants and children?
-ANSWER increase in left ventricle mass during first year; position in
