SEC401 Workbook, SANS 401 GSEC Exam
Network Topology - ans -The Physical/Logical shape of a network
Logical Topology - ans -Gives the description for the physical layout, shows VLAN's
and where they are placed on the physical topology
Trunk Port - ans -Connects packets that travel to all VLAN's on a switch
Baseband Systems - ans -Transmits one signal on the medium (fiber, copper, etc)
Broadband - ans -Form of multiplexing to join multiple signals on a medium
Ethernet - ans -Designed as baseband system that can be used in multiplexing
CSMA/CD - ans -Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Detection
Unicast - ans -Broadcast for a single device
Multicast - ans -Broadcast for a specific group or multiple devices
Broadcast - ans -Message for everyone to receive and process
Hub - ans -Broadcasts packets to every single port
Switch - ans -Broadcasts packets to device found on a singular port
Content Addressable Memory (CAM) - ans -Is a table that contains the MAC
address and port associated to that MAC Address
Virtual LAN (VLAN) - ans -Splitting a switch in which certain ports can only talk to
certain ports (Segment networks within a switch)
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) - ans -A different way of switching packets
that can be used on a dedicated line
,802.1x - ans -Network Access Control that is a layer 2 authentication
(Credentialed Question of 2FA)
A security appliance should be set in place when - ans -There is a change in trust
level in the network
Protocol - ans -is an agreement or rules of engagement for how computer
networks communicate
OSI Protocol Stack (7)
- ans -Layer 7) Application
Layer 6) Presentation
Layer 5) Session
Layer 4) Transport
Layer 3) Network
Layer 2) Data Link
Layer 1) Physical
Application Layer 7 OSI Stack - ans -Browsers, FTP, HTTP, SCP
Presentation Layer 6 OSI Stack - ans -Makes data presentable to the application or
user (ASCII)
Session Layer 5 OSI Stack - ans -Handles the establishment/maintenance of
connections between systems
Transport Layer 4 OSI Stack - ans -Determines that application the packet should
be sent to through port numbers (Web on 80,443)
Network Layer 3 OSI Stack - ans -Moving packets from one network to another
network, uses logical addressing instead of physical addressing
Data Link Layer 2 OSI Stack - ans -Takes a packet and frames it suitable for
transmission
Physical Layer 1 OSI Stack - ans -Network cable, electromagnetic radiation
, TCP/IP Protocol Stack (4)
- ans -Layer 4) Application
Layer 3) Transport (TCP/UDP)
Layer 2) Internet (IP)
Layer 1) Network
Network Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet - ans -10.1.2.0
Broadcast Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet - ans -10.1.2.255
Class A CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range)
- ans -N.H.H.H, 255.0.0.0 - 1-127
10.0.0.0/8
16.7 Million IP's
Class B CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range)
- ans -N.N.H.H, 255.255.0.0 - 128-191
172.16.0.0/16
65,536 IP's
Class C CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range)
- ans -N.N.N.H, 255.255.255.0 - 192-223
192.168.1.0/24
256 IP's
Address that broadcasts to current network - ans -255.255.255.255
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) - ans -Required to go from Layer 2 to 3,
broadcasts to a network querying for an IP Address, once found, sends it back to
requesting MAC
DNS (Domain Name System) - ans -Name to an IP Address (TCP/UDP 53)
Layer 3 Network Protocols - ans -ICMP (Ping and Traceroute)
Layer 4 Transport Protocols - ans -TCP (Connection) and UDP (Connectionless)
Network Topology - ans -The Physical/Logical shape of a network
Logical Topology - ans -Gives the description for the physical layout, shows VLAN's
and where they are placed on the physical topology
Trunk Port - ans -Connects packets that travel to all VLAN's on a switch
Baseband Systems - ans -Transmits one signal on the medium (fiber, copper, etc)
Broadband - ans -Form of multiplexing to join multiple signals on a medium
Ethernet - ans -Designed as baseband system that can be used in multiplexing
CSMA/CD - ans -Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Detection
Unicast - ans -Broadcast for a single device
Multicast - ans -Broadcast for a specific group or multiple devices
Broadcast - ans -Message for everyone to receive and process
Hub - ans -Broadcasts packets to every single port
Switch - ans -Broadcasts packets to device found on a singular port
Content Addressable Memory (CAM) - ans -Is a table that contains the MAC
address and port associated to that MAC Address
Virtual LAN (VLAN) - ans -Splitting a switch in which certain ports can only talk to
certain ports (Segment networks within a switch)
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) - ans -A different way of switching packets
that can be used on a dedicated line
,802.1x - ans -Network Access Control that is a layer 2 authentication
(Credentialed Question of 2FA)
A security appliance should be set in place when - ans -There is a change in trust
level in the network
Protocol - ans -is an agreement or rules of engagement for how computer
networks communicate
OSI Protocol Stack (7)
- ans -Layer 7) Application
Layer 6) Presentation
Layer 5) Session
Layer 4) Transport
Layer 3) Network
Layer 2) Data Link
Layer 1) Physical
Application Layer 7 OSI Stack - ans -Browsers, FTP, HTTP, SCP
Presentation Layer 6 OSI Stack - ans -Makes data presentable to the application or
user (ASCII)
Session Layer 5 OSI Stack - ans -Handles the establishment/maintenance of
connections between systems
Transport Layer 4 OSI Stack - ans -Determines that application the packet should
be sent to through port numbers (Web on 80,443)
Network Layer 3 OSI Stack - ans -Moving packets from one network to another
network, uses logical addressing instead of physical addressing
Data Link Layer 2 OSI Stack - ans -Takes a packet and frames it suitable for
transmission
Physical Layer 1 OSI Stack - ans -Network cable, electromagnetic radiation
, TCP/IP Protocol Stack (4)
- ans -Layer 4) Application
Layer 3) Transport (TCP/UDP)
Layer 2) Internet (IP)
Layer 1) Network
Network Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet - ans -10.1.2.0
Broadcast Address in: 10.1.2.0/24 Subnet - ans -10.1.2.255
Class A CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range)
- ans -N.H.H.H, 255.0.0.0 - 1-127
10.0.0.0/8
16.7 Million IP's
Class B CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range)
- ans -N.N.H.H, 255.255.0.0 - 128-191
172.16.0.0/16
65,536 IP's
Class C CIDR Addressing (Mask, IP Range)
- ans -N.N.N.H, 255.255.255.0 - 192-223
192.168.1.0/24
256 IP's
Address that broadcasts to current network - ans -255.255.255.255
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) - ans -Required to go from Layer 2 to 3,
broadcasts to a network querying for an IP Address, once found, sends it back to
requesting MAC
DNS (Domain Name System) - ans -Name to an IP Address (TCP/UDP 53)
Layer 3 Network Protocols - ans -ICMP (Ping and Traceroute)
Layer 4 Transport Protocols - ans -TCP (Connection) and UDP (Connectionless)
