SCSC 301 FINAL EXAM
A9soil9has9a9bulk9density9of91.39g/cm^3,9a9particle9density9of92.6g/
cm^3,9a9total9porosity9of9.59and9a9gravimetric9water9content9of90.2.9Calculate9the9water-
filled9porosity.9-9ans--.26
After9a9growing9season9of9heavy9tillage9traffic9across9a9soil,9a9soil9property9that9is9affecte
d9is:9-9ans--bulk9density
From9a9biological9point9of9view,9the9most9important9role9of9structural9development9in9clay
ey9textured9soils9is9to9provide9an9increase9in:9-9ans--macro9porosity
The9quantity9of9light9reflected9by9a9soil9is9called:9-9ans--value
A9word9used9to9describe9the9consistence9of9a9soil9is:9-9ans--friable
Calculate9the9mass9of9one9hectare9of9soil9in9kg9to9159cm9depth.9-9ans--2,250,038
In9a9soil9having9a9color9of910YR94/1,9the9chroma9is:9-9ans--1
At9a9given9partial9pressure9gradient,9diffusion9is9a9function9of:9-9ans--air-filled9porosity
A9principal9role9of9oxygen9in9soils9is:9-9ans--oxidation9of9organic9matter
Considering9a9soil9as9a9medium9for9plant9growth9in9terms9of9aeration,9water9supply,9and9t
emp,9the9most9desirable9structural9type9is:9-9ans--granular
Under9normal9aerated9conditions,9soil9air9compared9to9the9atmospheric9air9is9almost9alw
ays9contains9the9same9percentage9of:9-9ans--N2
The9soil9components--air,9solution,9solids--
arranged9in9order9of9increasing9heat9capacity9(lowest9heat9capacity9first)9are:9-9ans--
air,9solids,9solution
In9a9clay9loam9soil9horizon9having9a9fine,9platy9structure,9the9soil9aeration9is9likely9to9be:9-
9ans--poor
Daily9fluctuations9in9temp9at9159cm9below9the9soil9surface,9when9compared9to9daily9fluctu
ations9at9the9soil9surface:9-9ans--occur9later9in9the9day
The9subsoil9in9College9Station9is9cooler9than9either9the9surface9soil9or9the9parent9materia
l:9-9ans--in9early9spring
, Water9in9soil9is:9-9ans--a9transporting9medium
The9amount9of9heat9stored9in9the9soil9in9the9spring9at9a9given9location9is9primarily9a9functi
on9of9soil:9-9ans--moisture
Water9which9moves9in9all9directions9in9a9soil9consists9of9water9which9moves9in9response9
to9difference9in:9-9ans--matric9potential9only
Available9water9in9soils9is9water9held9between9field9capacity9and:9-9ans--
wilting9coefficient
In9a9soil9layer9containing9large9holes9or9channels9closed9at9the9surface,9water9enters9the9
large9holes:9-9ans--only9after9the9surrounding9soil9is9saturated
Water9enters9a9very9sandy9subsoil9from9a9clayey9surface9soil:9-9ans--
only9after9the9clayey9soil9is9saturated
A9common9primary9silicate9mineral9which9weathers9to9form9secondary9silicate9minerals9i
n9soils9is:9-9ans--feldspars
A9typical9moist9surface9soil9contains9approximately925%9by9volume9___________.9-
9ans--water
One9of9the9most9soluble9and9therefore,9easily9weather9minerals9is:9-9ans--sylvite
A9primary9silicate9mineral9that9does9not9weather9to9other9silicate9minerals9is:9-9ans--
quartz
The9properties9of9soil9are9mainly9due9to9the9combine9effects9of9__________9acting9on9pa
rent9material9over9time/9-9ans--climate9and9biota
A9property9used9in9distinguishing9among9minerals9in9hand-held9specimens9is:9-9ans--
luster
The9soil9horizons9that9the9soil9solum9consist9of9are:9-9ans--O,9A,9E,9B
Soils9which9support9aerobic9plant9growth9must9contain:9-9ans--gaseous9oxygen
The9passive9soil9forming9factor9is:9-9ans--parent9material
Surface9soils9are9(more,9same,9less)9porous;9(more,9same,9less)9dense9and9commonly9o
f9(coarser,9finer)9texture9than9subsoils.9-9ans--More;9less;9coarser
A9soil9typically9contains9a9higher9percentage9of9___________9than9a9rock9which9the9soil9
is9derived9from.9-9ans--iron
A9soil9has9a9bulk9density9of91.39g/cm^3,9a9particle9density9of92.6g/
cm^3,9a9total9porosity9of9.59and9a9gravimetric9water9content9of90.2.9Calculate9the9water-
filled9porosity.9-9ans--.26
After9a9growing9season9of9heavy9tillage9traffic9across9a9soil,9a9soil9property9that9is9affecte
d9is:9-9ans--bulk9density
From9a9biological9point9of9view,9the9most9important9role9of9structural9development9in9clay
ey9textured9soils9is9to9provide9an9increase9in:9-9ans--macro9porosity
The9quantity9of9light9reflected9by9a9soil9is9called:9-9ans--value
A9word9used9to9describe9the9consistence9of9a9soil9is:9-9ans--friable
Calculate9the9mass9of9one9hectare9of9soil9in9kg9to9159cm9depth.9-9ans--2,250,038
In9a9soil9having9a9color9of910YR94/1,9the9chroma9is:9-9ans--1
At9a9given9partial9pressure9gradient,9diffusion9is9a9function9of:9-9ans--air-filled9porosity
A9principal9role9of9oxygen9in9soils9is:9-9ans--oxidation9of9organic9matter
Considering9a9soil9as9a9medium9for9plant9growth9in9terms9of9aeration,9water9supply,9and9t
emp,9the9most9desirable9structural9type9is:9-9ans--granular
Under9normal9aerated9conditions,9soil9air9compared9to9the9atmospheric9air9is9almost9alw
ays9contains9the9same9percentage9of:9-9ans--N2
The9soil9components--air,9solution,9solids--
arranged9in9order9of9increasing9heat9capacity9(lowest9heat9capacity9first)9are:9-9ans--
air,9solids,9solution
In9a9clay9loam9soil9horizon9having9a9fine,9platy9structure,9the9soil9aeration9is9likely9to9be:9-
9ans--poor
Daily9fluctuations9in9temp9at9159cm9below9the9soil9surface,9when9compared9to9daily9fluctu
ations9at9the9soil9surface:9-9ans--occur9later9in9the9day
The9subsoil9in9College9Station9is9cooler9than9either9the9surface9soil9or9the9parent9materia
l:9-9ans--in9early9spring
, Water9in9soil9is:9-9ans--a9transporting9medium
The9amount9of9heat9stored9in9the9soil9in9the9spring9at9a9given9location9is9primarily9a9functi
on9of9soil:9-9ans--moisture
Water9which9moves9in9all9directions9in9a9soil9consists9of9water9which9moves9in9response9
to9difference9in:9-9ans--matric9potential9only
Available9water9in9soils9is9water9held9between9field9capacity9and:9-9ans--
wilting9coefficient
In9a9soil9layer9containing9large9holes9or9channels9closed9at9the9surface,9water9enters9the9
large9holes:9-9ans--only9after9the9surrounding9soil9is9saturated
Water9enters9a9very9sandy9subsoil9from9a9clayey9surface9soil:9-9ans--
only9after9the9clayey9soil9is9saturated
A9common9primary9silicate9mineral9which9weathers9to9form9secondary9silicate9minerals9i
n9soils9is:9-9ans--feldspars
A9typical9moist9surface9soil9contains9approximately925%9by9volume9___________.9-
9ans--water
One9of9the9most9soluble9and9therefore,9easily9weather9minerals9is:9-9ans--sylvite
A9primary9silicate9mineral9that9does9not9weather9to9other9silicate9minerals9is:9-9ans--
quartz
The9properties9of9soil9are9mainly9due9to9the9combine9effects9of9__________9acting9on9pa
rent9material9over9time/9-9ans--climate9and9biota
A9property9used9in9distinguishing9among9minerals9in9hand-held9specimens9is:9-9ans--
luster
The9soil9horizons9that9the9soil9solum9consist9of9are:9-9ans--O,9A,9E,9B
Soils9which9support9aerobic9plant9growth9must9contain:9-9ans--gaseous9oxygen
The9passive9soil9forming9factor9is:9-9ans--parent9material
Surface9soils9are9(more,9same,9less)9porous;9(more,9same,9less)9dense9and9commonly9o
f9(coarser,9finer)9texture9than9subsoils.9-9ans--More;9less;9coarser
A9soil9typically9contains9a9higher9percentage9of9___________9than9a9rock9which9the9soil9
is9derived9from.9-9ans--iron
