AAPD QE REVIEW SAMPLE TEST
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS /GRADE A
j How do plaques from caries-active subjects and caries-free subjects compare?
a. Caries-free plaques have significantly higher proportions of Mutans Strep
b. In the caries-active plaques, pH levels of 5.0 or lower may persist for several hours after sugar
exposure.
c. Non-cariogenic plaques per unit of plaque protein are slightly more acidogenic than cariogenic
plaques.
d. Streptococcus salivarius of only the caries-active plaques readily convert sucrose to lactic acid at pH 5 -
b. In the caries-active plaques, pH levels of 5.0 or lower may persist for several hours after sugar
exposure.
2. Which of the following appears to be important primarily in smooth-surface decay?
a. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
b. Lactobacillus species
c. Streptococcus sanguis
d. Streptococcus sobrinus - d. Streptococcus sobrinus
3. Critical pH for dissolution of enamel has been shown to be about:
a. 5.0.
b. 5.2.
c. 5.5.
d. 5.7. - c. 5.5.
4. Epidemiologic evidence suggests which permanent tooth surface is most prone to caries?
a. Buccal
b. Interproximal
,c. Lingual
d. Occlusal - d. Occlusal
5. Which best describes the transmission of Mutans streptococci from primary caregiver to child?
a. Diagonal
b. Horizontal
c. Tangential
d. Vertical - d. Vertical
6. Which drug is known to induce gingival hyperplasia?
a. Azathioprine
b. Cyclosporine
c. Diazepam
d. Methotrexate - b. Cyclosporine
7. Under the 2017 classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions, stages
of periodontal disease are based upon:
a. age at onset and chronicity.
b. anticipated treatment response.
c. risk of rapid progression.
d. severity and complexity. - d. severity and complexity.
8. The primary parameter to define gingivitis cases is:
a. bleeding on probing.
b. erythema.
c. loss of stippling.
d. visible plaque. - a. bleeding on probing
,9. Early-onset periodontitis patients having high concentrations of which antibody have significantly less
attachment loss than patients who lack this antibody?
a. IgA
b. IgE
c. IgG
d. IgM - c. IgG
10. Which type of vaccine is the human papilloma virus vaccine?
a. Inactivated
b. Live-attenuated
c. Recombinant
d. Toxoid - c. Recombinant
11. Innate immunity differs from other types of immune responses due to:
a. inability to discriminate between a group of related pathogens.
b. increase with repeated exposure to a given pathogen.
c. its presence in all individuals at all times.
d. mediation by clonal selection of antigen-specific lymphocytes - c. its presence in all individuals at all
times.
12. Acquired immune responses depend upon:
a. granulocytes.
b. lymphocytes.
c. macrophages.
d. polymorphonuclear leukocytes. - b. lymphocytes.
13. Opsonization is a process in which antibodies contribute to immunity through:
a. activating the proteins of the complement system.
b. binding to and neutralizing the pathogen to prevent cell entry.
, c. coating the surface of a pathogen to enhance phagocytosis.
d. lysing microorganisms directly by forming pores in their membranes. - c. coating the surface of a
pathogen to enhance phagocytosis.
14. Which of the following is a primary organ of the immune system?
a. Bone marrow
b. Lymph nodes
c. Mucosa
d. Spleen - a. Bone marrow
15. Presence of a positive odds ratio indicates:
a. a particular exposure does not affect the odds of the outcome.
b. a particular exposure is associated with higher odds of the outcome.
c. a particular exposure is associated with lower odds of the outcome.
d. an association between exposure and outcome is statistically significant. - b. a particular exposure is
associated with higher odds of the outcome.
16. Which of the following reflects expectations for clinical practice guidelines (CPG)?
a. CPG are based upon a consensus of expert opinions.
b. CPG are designed to produce minimal standards of care.
c. CPG are informed by a systematic review of evidence.
d. Deviations should be fairly rare and often cannot be justified. - c. CPG are informed by a systematic
review of evidence.
17. When biological variables are distributed in a bell shaped curve, approximately what percentage of
the population lies within one standard deviation of the mean?
a. 25
b. 35
c. 50
d. 70 - d. 70
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS /GRADE A
j How do plaques from caries-active subjects and caries-free subjects compare?
a. Caries-free plaques have significantly higher proportions of Mutans Strep
b. In the caries-active plaques, pH levels of 5.0 or lower may persist for several hours after sugar
exposure.
c. Non-cariogenic plaques per unit of plaque protein are slightly more acidogenic than cariogenic
plaques.
d. Streptococcus salivarius of only the caries-active plaques readily convert sucrose to lactic acid at pH 5 -
b. In the caries-active plaques, pH levels of 5.0 or lower may persist for several hours after sugar
exposure.
2. Which of the following appears to be important primarily in smooth-surface decay?
a. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
b. Lactobacillus species
c. Streptococcus sanguis
d. Streptococcus sobrinus - d. Streptococcus sobrinus
3. Critical pH for dissolution of enamel has been shown to be about:
a. 5.0.
b. 5.2.
c. 5.5.
d. 5.7. - c. 5.5.
4. Epidemiologic evidence suggests which permanent tooth surface is most prone to caries?
a. Buccal
b. Interproximal
,c. Lingual
d. Occlusal - d. Occlusal
5. Which best describes the transmission of Mutans streptococci from primary caregiver to child?
a. Diagonal
b. Horizontal
c. Tangential
d. Vertical - d. Vertical
6. Which drug is known to induce gingival hyperplasia?
a. Azathioprine
b. Cyclosporine
c. Diazepam
d. Methotrexate - b. Cyclosporine
7. Under the 2017 classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions, stages
of periodontal disease are based upon:
a. age at onset and chronicity.
b. anticipated treatment response.
c. risk of rapid progression.
d. severity and complexity. - d. severity and complexity.
8. The primary parameter to define gingivitis cases is:
a. bleeding on probing.
b. erythema.
c. loss of stippling.
d. visible plaque. - a. bleeding on probing
,9. Early-onset periodontitis patients having high concentrations of which antibody have significantly less
attachment loss than patients who lack this antibody?
a. IgA
b. IgE
c. IgG
d. IgM - c. IgG
10. Which type of vaccine is the human papilloma virus vaccine?
a. Inactivated
b. Live-attenuated
c. Recombinant
d. Toxoid - c. Recombinant
11. Innate immunity differs from other types of immune responses due to:
a. inability to discriminate between a group of related pathogens.
b. increase with repeated exposure to a given pathogen.
c. its presence in all individuals at all times.
d. mediation by clonal selection of antigen-specific lymphocytes - c. its presence in all individuals at all
times.
12. Acquired immune responses depend upon:
a. granulocytes.
b. lymphocytes.
c. macrophages.
d. polymorphonuclear leukocytes. - b. lymphocytes.
13. Opsonization is a process in which antibodies contribute to immunity through:
a. activating the proteins of the complement system.
b. binding to and neutralizing the pathogen to prevent cell entry.
, c. coating the surface of a pathogen to enhance phagocytosis.
d. lysing microorganisms directly by forming pores in their membranes. - c. coating the surface of a
pathogen to enhance phagocytosis.
14. Which of the following is a primary organ of the immune system?
a. Bone marrow
b. Lymph nodes
c. Mucosa
d. Spleen - a. Bone marrow
15. Presence of a positive odds ratio indicates:
a. a particular exposure does not affect the odds of the outcome.
b. a particular exposure is associated with higher odds of the outcome.
c. a particular exposure is associated with lower odds of the outcome.
d. an association between exposure and outcome is statistically significant. - b. a particular exposure is
associated with higher odds of the outcome.
16. Which of the following reflects expectations for clinical practice guidelines (CPG)?
a. CPG are based upon a consensus of expert opinions.
b. CPG are designed to produce minimal standards of care.
c. CPG are informed by a systematic review of evidence.
d. Deviations should be fairly rare and often cannot be justified. - c. CPG are informed by a systematic
review of evidence.
17. When biological variables are distributed in a bell shaped curve, approximately what percentage of
the population lies within one standard deviation of the mean?
a. 25
b. 35
c. 50
d. 70 - d. 70
