NSG 233 MED SURG 2 EXAM 2
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS (2024-2025)
1. Polydipsia and polyuria related to diabetes mellitus are primarily due to
a. the release of ketones from cells during fat metabolism.
b. fluid shifts resulting from the osmotic effect of hyperglycemia.
c. damage to the kidneys from exposure to high levels of glucose.
d. changes in RBCs resulting from attachment of excessive glucose to hemoglobin. -
correct answers.b. fluid shifts resulting from the osmotic effect of hyperglycemia.
A 35-year-old female patient is admitted to the emergency department with acute
abdominal pain. Which medical diagnoses should you consider as possible causes of
her pain (select all that apply)?
a. Gastroenteritis
b. Ectopic pregnancy
c. Gastrointestinal bleeding
d. Irritable bowel syndrome
e. Inflammatory bowel disease - correct answers.a. Gastroenteritis
b. Ectopic pregnancy
c. Gastrointestinal bleeding
d. Irritable bowel syndrome
e. Inflammatory bowel disease
A 54-yr-old patient admitted with diabetes mellitus, malnutrition, osteomyelitis, and
alcohol abuse has a serum amylase level of 280 U/L and a serum lipase level of 310
U/L. Which diagnosis does the nurse expect?
Starvation
Pancreatitis
Systemic sepsis
Diabetic ketoacidosis - correct answers.Pancreatitis
A patient complaining of nausea receives a dose of metoclopramide. Which potential
adverse effect should the nurse tell the patient to report?
Tremors
, Constipation
Double vision
Numbness in fingers and toes - correct answers.Tremors
A patient is admitted to the emergency department after a motor vehicle crash with
suspected abdominal trauma. What assessment finding by the nurse is of highest
priority?
Nausea and vomiting
Hyperactive bowel sounds
Firmly distended abdomen
Abrasions on all extremities - correct answers.Firmly distended abdomen
A patient is admitted with anorexia nervosa and a serum potassium level of 2.4 mEq/L.
What complication is most important for the nurse to observe for in this patient?
Muscle weakness
Cardiac dysrhythmias
Increased urine output
Anemia and leukopenia - correct answers.Cardiac dysrhythmias
A patient is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and reports a headache, changes in
vision, and being anxious but does not have a portable blood glucose monitor present.
Which action should the nurse advise her to take?
Eat a piece of pizza.
Drink some diet pop.
Eat 15 g of simple carbohydrates.
Take an extra dose of rapid-acting insulin. - correct answers.Eat 15 g of simple
carbohydrates.
A patient is receiving peripheral parenteral nutrition. The parenteral nutrition solution is
completed before the new solution arrives on the unit. The nurse gives
a. 20% intralipids.
b. 5% dextrose solution.
c. 0.45% normal saline solution.
d. 5% lactated Ringer's solution. - correct answers.b. 5% dextrose solution.
A patient is seeking emergency care after choking on a piece of steak. The nursing
assessment reveals a history of alcoholism, cigarette smoking, and hemoptysis. Which
diagnostic study is most likely to be performed on this patient?
Barium swallow
Endoscopic biopsy
Capsule endoscopy
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS (2024-2025)
1. Polydipsia and polyuria related to diabetes mellitus are primarily due to
a. the release of ketones from cells during fat metabolism.
b. fluid shifts resulting from the osmotic effect of hyperglycemia.
c. damage to the kidneys from exposure to high levels of glucose.
d. changes in RBCs resulting from attachment of excessive glucose to hemoglobin. -
correct answers.b. fluid shifts resulting from the osmotic effect of hyperglycemia.
A 35-year-old female patient is admitted to the emergency department with acute
abdominal pain. Which medical diagnoses should you consider as possible causes of
her pain (select all that apply)?
a. Gastroenteritis
b. Ectopic pregnancy
c. Gastrointestinal bleeding
d. Irritable bowel syndrome
e. Inflammatory bowel disease - correct answers.a. Gastroenteritis
b. Ectopic pregnancy
c. Gastrointestinal bleeding
d. Irritable bowel syndrome
e. Inflammatory bowel disease
A 54-yr-old patient admitted with diabetes mellitus, malnutrition, osteomyelitis, and
alcohol abuse has a serum amylase level of 280 U/L and a serum lipase level of 310
U/L. Which diagnosis does the nurse expect?
Starvation
Pancreatitis
Systemic sepsis
Diabetic ketoacidosis - correct answers.Pancreatitis
A patient complaining of nausea receives a dose of metoclopramide. Which potential
adverse effect should the nurse tell the patient to report?
Tremors
, Constipation
Double vision
Numbness in fingers and toes - correct answers.Tremors
A patient is admitted to the emergency department after a motor vehicle crash with
suspected abdominal trauma. What assessment finding by the nurse is of highest
priority?
Nausea and vomiting
Hyperactive bowel sounds
Firmly distended abdomen
Abrasions on all extremities - correct answers.Firmly distended abdomen
A patient is admitted with anorexia nervosa and a serum potassium level of 2.4 mEq/L.
What complication is most important for the nurse to observe for in this patient?
Muscle weakness
Cardiac dysrhythmias
Increased urine output
Anemia and leukopenia - correct answers.Cardiac dysrhythmias
A patient is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and reports a headache, changes in
vision, and being anxious but does not have a portable blood glucose monitor present.
Which action should the nurse advise her to take?
Eat a piece of pizza.
Drink some diet pop.
Eat 15 g of simple carbohydrates.
Take an extra dose of rapid-acting insulin. - correct answers.Eat 15 g of simple
carbohydrates.
A patient is receiving peripheral parenteral nutrition. The parenteral nutrition solution is
completed before the new solution arrives on the unit. The nurse gives
a. 20% intralipids.
b. 5% dextrose solution.
c. 0.45% normal saline solution.
d. 5% lactated Ringer's solution. - correct answers.b. 5% dextrose solution.
A patient is seeking emergency care after choking on a piece of steak. The nursing
assessment reveals a history of alcoholism, cigarette smoking, and hemoptysis. Which
diagnostic study is most likely to be performed on this patient?
Barium swallow
Endoscopic biopsy
Capsule endoscopy
