NSG3301 Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers
Research significance to nursing practice: - ANSWER basis of evidence informed
practice, enables practice to change with environment and issues, maintains relevance
to society
Evidence Informed Practice: - ANSWER integration of evidence from research, clinical
expertise, client preferences and other resources to make decisions about patients.
History of Nursing Research: - ANSWER 19th century- Florence Nightingale ("Notes on
Nursing") introduces first exploration of health promotion/disease prevention; first
school of nursing established
20th century-
1900-49: focus of nursing education is on a preparation for practice-not research
1950-60: ANA publishes first Nursing Research, first MSN @ UWO development of
nursing theories that would guide practice and research
1960-99: federal nursing research grants begin, numerous doctoral programs
established, centre for nursing research @ McGill
21st century- 5 Canadian Institute of Health Research Awards to nursing, PhD nursing
programs initiated across canada
Knowledge Development Chain: - ANSWER Gap -> Generation - > Distribution ->
Adoption -> Review/Revision -> Repeat
Paradigm: - ANSWER set of beliefs and practices shared by communities of researchers
(in nursing: post positivist, constructive and critical/social)
Ontology: - ANSWER study of "being", what can be said to exist?
Epistemology: - ANSWER addresses "truth", what is knowledge and how do we know?
, Compare inductive and deductive reasoning: - ANSWER Deductive: "top down", start
with theory and seeks to confirm it.
Inductive: "bottom up", start with observation and seek to find patterns/theory
Post Positivism - ANSWER not all things can be understood, aims for objectivity and
follows logical steps.
Critical Theory (from MT) - ANSWER Plastic reality, research is transaction that req.
transformative dialogue to find new ideas
Constructive - ANSWER reality is constructed by perception and research required
dialogue w/ focus on interpretation
Differentiate b/w theoretical and conceptual frameworks: - ANSWER Conceptual:
Constructed from review of literature and may not have a theory embedded in it. Can be
based on personal experience.
Theoretical: Constructed based on philosophical or theorized belief. Based on
pre-existing theory in literature that you build on.
Define conceptual and operational definitions: - ANSWER Conceptual: dictionary
definition, general meaning
Operational: more specific for the purpose of study. Identifies how a concept will be
measured and what instrument will be used to do so.
Explain levels of abstraction: - ANSWER Worldview - opinions, abstract
Framework - structure of theory, constructs map of study
Theories - interrelated concepts that explain phenomena
Concepts - symbol of abstract idea, i.e. pain
Variables - something set (concrete)
Research significance to nursing practice: - ANSWER basis of evidence informed
practice, enables practice to change with environment and issues, maintains relevance
to society
Evidence Informed Practice: - ANSWER integration of evidence from research, clinical
expertise, client preferences and other resources to make decisions about patients.
History of Nursing Research: - ANSWER 19th century- Florence Nightingale ("Notes on
Nursing") introduces first exploration of health promotion/disease prevention; first
school of nursing established
20th century-
1900-49: focus of nursing education is on a preparation for practice-not research
1950-60: ANA publishes first Nursing Research, first MSN @ UWO development of
nursing theories that would guide practice and research
1960-99: federal nursing research grants begin, numerous doctoral programs
established, centre for nursing research @ McGill
21st century- 5 Canadian Institute of Health Research Awards to nursing, PhD nursing
programs initiated across canada
Knowledge Development Chain: - ANSWER Gap -> Generation - > Distribution ->
Adoption -> Review/Revision -> Repeat
Paradigm: - ANSWER set of beliefs and practices shared by communities of researchers
(in nursing: post positivist, constructive and critical/social)
Ontology: - ANSWER study of "being", what can be said to exist?
Epistemology: - ANSWER addresses "truth", what is knowledge and how do we know?
, Compare inductive and deductive reasoning: - ANSWER Deductive: "top down", start
with theory and seeks to confirm it.
Inductive: "bottom up", start with observation and seek to find patterns/theory
Post Positivism - ANSWER not all things can be understood, aims for objectivity and
follows logical steps.
Critical Theory (from MT) - ANSWER Plastic reality, research is transaction that req.
transformative dialogue to find new ideas
Constructive - ANSWER reality is constructed by perception and research required
dialogue w/ focus on interpretation
Differentiate b/w theoretical and conceptual frameworks: - ANSWER Conceptual:
Constructed from review of literature and may not have a theory embedded in it. Can be
based on personal experience.
Theoretical: Constructed based on philosophical or theorized belief. Based on
pre-existing theory in literature that you build on.
Define conceptual and operational definitions: - ANSWER Conceptual: dictionary
definition, general meaning
Operational: more specific for the purpose of study. Identifies how a concept will be
measured and what instrument will be used to do so.
Explain levels of abstraction: - ANSWER Worldview - opinions, abstract
Framework - structure of theory, constructs map of study
Theories - interrelated concepts that explain phenomena
Concepts - symbol of abstract idea, i.e. pain
Variables - something set (concrete)
