Test Bank For Essentials Of Nursing Research
Appraising Evidence For Nursing Practice,
10th Edition By Polit,
Page 3
,Essentials Of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence For
Nursing Practice 10th Edition Polit Test Bank
CHAPTER 1
1. Which Of The Following Groups Would Be Best Served By The Development Of A
ScientificBase For Nursing Practice?
A) Nursing Administrators
B) Practicing Nurses
C) Nurses' Clients
D) Health Care Policymakers
Ans: C
Feedback:
Nursing Research Is Systematic Inquiry Designed To Develop Trustworthy Evidence
About Issues Of Importance To Nurses And Their Clients. Nurse Leaders Recognize
The Need To BaseSpecific Nursing Decisions On Evidence Indicating That The
Decisions Are Clinically Appropriate, Cost-Effective, And Result In Positive Client
Outcomes. Although All Of The People Listed Would Benefit From The Development
Of A Scientific Base For Nursing Practice, Ultimately It Is The Clients Themselves
Who Would Most Benefit, As They Would Then Receive The Most Appropriate And
Most Effective Care.
2. An Especially Important Goal For The Nursing Profession Is To Do Which Of The
Following?
A) Conduct Research To Better Understand The Context Of Nursing Practice
B) Establish A Solid Base Of Evidence For Practice Through Disciplined Research
C) Document The Role Nursing Serves In Society
D) Establish Research Priorities
Ans: B
Feedback:
Nurses Are Increasingly Expected To Understand And Undertake Research And To
Base TheirPractice On Evidence From Research. Evidence-Based Practice Is The Use
Of The Best Evidence In Making Patient Care Decisions And Typically Comes From
Research Conducted By Nurses And Other Health-Care Professionals. All Of The Other
Answers Are Possible GoalsFor The Nursing Profession, But None Is As Important As
Establishing Evidence For Practice.
3. Which Of The Following Is A Fundamental Belief Of Those Who Hold To The
ConstructivistParadigm?
A) A Fixed Reality Exists In Nature For Humans To Understand
B) The Nature Of Reality Has Changed Over Time
C) Reality Is Multiply Constructed And Multiply Interpreted By Humans
D) Reality Cannot Be Studied Empirically
Ans: C
Feedback:
Page 3
, In The Constructivist Paradigm, It Is Assumed That Reality Is Not A Fixed Entity But Is
RatherA Construction Of Human Minds, And Thus “Truth” Is A Composite Of Multiple
Constructions
4. Which Of The Following Is A Fundamental Belief Of Those Who Hold To The
PositivistParadigm?
A) The Researcher Is Objective And Independent Of Those Being Studied
B) The Researcher Cannot Interact With Those Being Studied
C) The Researcher Instructs Those Being Studied To Be Objective In
ProvidingInformation
D) The Distance Between The Researcher And Those Being Researched Is
Minimized ToEnhance The Interactive Process
Ans: A
Feedback:
In The Positivist Paradigm, It Is Assumed That There Is An Objective Reality And That
NaturalPhenomena Are Regular And Orderly. In The Constructivist Paradigm, It Is
Assumed That Reality Is Not A Fixed Entity But Is Rather A Construction Of Human
Minds, And Thus “Truth”Is A Composite Of Multiple Constructions Of Reality.
5. Which Of The Following Attributes Is Least Characteristic Of The Traditional
ScientificMethod?
A) Control Over External Factors
B) Systematic Measurement And Observation Of Natural Phenomena
C) Testing Of Hunches Deduced From Theory Or Prior Research
D) Emphasis On A Holistic View Of A Phenomenon, Studied In A Rich Context
Ans: D
Feedback:
Quantitative Research (Associated With Positivism) Involves The Collection And
Analysis Of Numeric Information. Quantitative Research Is Typically Conducted
Within The Traditional Scientific Method, Which Is Systematic And Controlled.
Quantitative Researchers Base Their Findings On Empirical Evidence (Evidence
Collected By Way Of TheHuman Senses) And Strive For Generalizability Beyond A
Single Setting Or Situation.
Constructivist Researchers Emphasize Understanding Human Experience As It Is
Lived Through The Collection And Analysis Of Subjective, Narrative Materials
Using Flexible Procedures; This Paradigm Is Associated With Qualitative
Research.
6. Empiricism Refers To Which Of The Following?
A) Making Generalizations From Specific Observations
B) Articulating A Study Purpose In Terms Of An Appropriate Classification System
C) Gathering Evidence About Real-World Phenomena Through The Senses
D) Verifying The Assumptions On Which The Study Was
BasedAns: C
Page 3
, Feedback:
Empiricism Is Gathering And Analyzing Evidence Through Their Senses. Quantitative
Research Involves The Collection And Analysis Of Numeric Information. Quantitative
Research Is Typically Conducted Within The Traditional Scientific Method, Which Is
Systematic And Controlled. Quantitative Researchers Base Their Findings On Empirical
Evidence And Strive For Generalizability Beyond A Single Setting Or Situation.
Constructivist Researchers Emphasize Understanding Human Experience As It Is
Lived Through The Collection And Analysis Of Subjective, Narrative Materials
Using Flexible Procedures; This Paradigm Is Associated With Qualitative
Research.
7. Which Of The Following Is A Hallmark Of The Scientific Method?
A) Rigorous
B) Holistic
C) Systematic
D) Flexible
Ans: C
Feedback:
Quantitative Research Is Typically Conducted Within The Traditional Scientific
Method, Which Is Systematic And Controlled. Quantitative Researchers Base Their
Findings On Empirical Evidence And Strive For Generalizability Beyond A Single
Setting Or Situation.Constructivist Researchers Emphasize Understanding Human
Experience As It Is Lived Through The Collection And Analysis Of Subjective,
Narrative Materials Using Flexible Procedures; This Paradigm Is Associated With
Qualitative Research.
8. Which Of The Following Limits The Capacity Of The Scientific Method To Answer
QuestionsAbout Humans?
A) The Necessity Of Departing From Traditional Beliefs
B) The Difficulty Of Accurately Measuring Complex Human Traits
C) The Lack Of Funding For Research
D) The Shortage Of Theories About Human Behavior
Ans: B
Feedback:
Nursing Research Focuses On Human Beings, Who Are Inherently Complicated And
Diverse.The Traditional Scientific Method Typically Focuses On A Relatively Small
Aspect Of HumanExperiences In A Single Study. Complexities Tend To Be Controlled
And, If Possible, Eliminated Rather Than Studied Directly, And This Narrowness Of
Focus Can Sometimes Obscure Insights.
9. The Classic Scientific Method Has Its Intellectual Roots In Which Of The Following?
A) Positivism
B) Determinism
C) Constructivism
D) Empiricism
Ans: A
Page 3
Appraising Evidence For Nursing Practice,
10th Edition By Polit,
Page 3
,Essentials Of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence For
Nursing Practice 10th Edition Polit Test Bank
CHAPTER 1
1. Which Of The Following Groups Would Be Best Served By The Development Of A
ScientificBase For Nursing Practice?
A) Nursing Administrators
B) Practicing Nurses
C) Nurses' Clients
D) Health Care Policymakers
Ans: C
Feedback:
Nursing Research Is Systematic Inquiry Designed To Develop Trustworthy Evidence
About Issues Of Importance To Nurses And Their Clients. Nurse Leaders Recognize
The Need To BaseSpecific Nursing Decisions On Evidence Indicating That The
Decisions Are Clinically Appropriate, Cost-Effective, And Result In Positive Client
Outcomes. Although All Of The People Listed Would Benefit From The Development
Of A Scientific Base For Nursing Practice, Ultimately It Is The Clients Themselves
Who Would Most Benefit, As They Would Then Receive The Most Appropriate And
Most Effective Care.
2. An Especially Important Goal For The Nursing Profession Is To Do Which Of The
Following?
A) Conduct Research To Better Understand The Context Of Nursing Practice
B) Establish A Solid Base Of Evidence For Practice Through Disciplined Research
C) Document The Role Nursing Serves In Society
D) Establish Research Priorities
Ans: B
Feedback:
Nurses Are Increasingly Expected To Understand And Undertake Research And To
Base TheirPractice On Evidence From Research. Evidence-Based Practice Is The Use
Of The Best Evidence In Making Patient Care Decisions And Typically Comes From
Research Conducted By Nurses And Other Health-Care Professionals. All Of The Other
Answers Are Possible GoalsFor The Nursing Profession, But None Is As Important As
Establishing Evidence For Practice.
3. Which Of The Following Is A Fundamental Belief Of Those Who Hold To The
ConstructivistParadigm?
A) A Fixed Reality Exists In Nature For Humans To Understand
B) The Nature Of Reality Has Changed Over Time
C) Reality Is Multiply Constructed And Multiply Interpreted By Humans
D) Reality Cannot Be Studied Empirically
Ans: C
Feedback:
Page 3
, In The Constructivist Paradigm, It Is Assumed That Reality Is Not A Fixed Entity But Is
RatherA Construction Of Human Minds, And Thus “Truth” Is A Composite Of Multiple
Constructions
4. Which Of The Following Is A Fundamental Belief Of Those Who Hold To The
PositivistParadigm?
A) The Researcher Is Objective And Independent Of Those Being Studied
B) The Researcher Cannot Interact With Those Being Studied
C) The Researcher Instructs Those Being Studied To Be Objective In
ProvidingInformation
D) The Distance Between The Researcher And Those Being Researched Is
Minimized ToEnhance The Interactive Process
Ans: A
Feedback:
In The Positivist Paradigm, It Is Assumed That There Is An Objective Reality And That
NaturalPhenomena Are Regular And Orderly. In The Constructivist Paradigm, It Is
Assumed That Reality Is Not A Fixed Entity But Is Rather A Construction Of Human
Minds, And Thus “Truth”Is A Composite Of Multiple Constructions Of Reality.
5. Which Of The Following Attributes Is Least Characteristic Of The Traditional
ScientificMethod?
A) Control Over External Factors
B) Systematic Measurement And Observation Of Natural Phenomena
C) Testing Of Hunches Deduced From Theory Or Prior Research
D) Emphasis On A Holistic View Of A Phenomenon, Studied In A Rich Context
Ans: D
Feedback:
Quantitative Research (Associated With Positivism) Involves The Collection And
Analysis Of Numeric Information. Quantitative Research Is Typically Conducted
Within The Traditional Scientific Method, Which Is Systematic And Controlled.
Quantitative Researchers Base Their Findings On Empirical Evidence (Evidence
Collected By Way Of TheHuman Senses) And Strive For Generalizability Beyond A
Single Setting Or Situation.
Constructivist Researchers Emphasize Understanding Human Experience As It Is
Lived Through The Collection And Analysis Of Subjective, Narrative Materials
Using Flexible Procedures; This Paradigm Is Associated With Qualitative
Research.
6. Empiricism Refers To Which Of The Following?
A) Making Generalizations From Specific Observations
B) Articulating A Study Purpose In Terms Of An Appropriate Classification System
C) Gathering Evidence About Real-World Phenomena Through The Senses
D) Verifying The Assumptions On Which The Study Was
BasedAns: C
Page 3
, Feedback:
Empiricism Is Gathering And Analyzing Evidence Through Their Senses. Quantitative
Research Involves The Collection And Analysis Of Numeric Information. Quantitative
Research Is Typically Conducted Within The Traditional Scientific Method, Which Is
Systematic And Controlled. Quantitative Researchers Base Their Findings On Empirical
Evidence And Strive For Generalizability Beyond A Single Setting Or Situation.
Constructivist Researchers Emphasize Understanding Human Experience As It Is
Lived Through The Collection And Analysis Of Subjective, Narrative Materials
Using Flexible Procedures; This Paradigm Is Associated With Qualitative
Research.
7. Which Of The Following Is A Hallmark Of The Scientific Method?
A) Rigorous
B) Holistic
C) Systematic
D) Flexible
Ans: C
Feedback:
Quantitative Research Is Typically Conducted Within The Traditional Scientific
Method, Which Is Systematic And Controlled. Quantitative Researchers Base Their
Findings On Empirical Evidence And Strive For Generalizability Beyond A Single
Setting Or Situation.Constructivist Researchers Emphasize Understanding Human
Experience As It Is Lived Through The Collection And Analysis Of Subjective,
Narrative Materials Using Flexible Procedures; This Paradigm Is Associated With
Qualitative Research.
8. Which Of The Following Limits The Capacity Of The Scientific Method To Answer
QuestionsAbout Humans?
A) The Necessity Of Departing From Traditional Beliefs
B) The Difficulty Of Accurately Measuring Complex Human Traits
C) The Lack Of Funding For Research
D) The Shortage Of Theories About Human Behavior
Ans: B
Feedback:
Nursing Research Focuses On Human Beings, Who Are Inherently Complicated And
Diverse.The Traditional Scientific Method Typically Focuses On A Relatively Small
Aspect Of HumanExperiences In A Single Study. Complexities Tend To Be Controlled
And, If Possible, Eliminated Rather Than Studied Directly, And This Narrowness Of
Focus Can Sometimes Obscure Insights.
9. The Classic Scientific Method Has Its Intellectual Roots In Which Of The Following?
A) Positivism
B) Determinism
C) Constructivism
D) Empiricism
Ans: A
Page 3
