Paramedic OB / Peds Block Study Guide

pelvic inflammatory disease definition - An infection of a womans reproductive organs. PID can work its way from the vagina to - Uterine cavity, Fallopian tubes, ovaries and then the peritoneum Causes of PID - gonorrhea and chlamydia Signs / Symptoms of PID - Fever, Lower Quadrant pain, vaginal discharge, pain increase during sex Cystitis (UTI) - inflammation of the bladder Cystitis can be caused by - Bacteria from the perineum moves through genital tract and into urethral opening. s/s of cystitis - Cloudy urine, urination abnormalities, suprapubic pain. pylenophritis - kidney infection ovarian follicles - a fluid-filled sac that contains an immature egg, or oocyte. ovarian cysts - Develop in ruptured / unruptured ovarian follicles Most ovarian cysts are _______ and last _____ - Asymptomatic and last 8-12 weeks before disappearing without complications S/S of an unruptured ovarian cyst - GRADUAL onset, heaviness in the pelvis, usually asymptomatic. S/S of Ruptured Ovarian Cyst - Sudden onset of unilateral lower abdominal discomfort that radiates to the back. Light headed ness, tachycardia, hypotension. ectopic pregnancy - pregnancy occurring outside the uterus, commonly in the fallopian tubes S/S of an ectopic pregnancy - All normal signs of pregnancy BUT fetus can not develop to full term. An ectopic pregnancy can cause - A ruptured Fallopian tube. What creates a greater risk for ectopic pregnancy? - IUD, PID, smoking. amenorrhea - absence of menstruation Ectopic pregnancies are usually discovered in the first - 6-8 weeks S/S of ectopic pregnancy before rupture - Amenorrhea, dull lower quadrant pain on one side, spotting. S/S of ruptured ectopic pregnancy - SUDDEN excruciating lower abdominal pain, Kehr's sign (left shoulder pain) and dark red or brown vaginal bleeding. 38yo female reports left sided abd pain that radiates to the back. Vitals 90/64, 118p, 20r. You should suspect. - Ovarian Cyst Primary function of TWO ovaries - Production of immature female gametes (oocytes; "eggs") Secretion of female sex hormones (estrogen and progestins) Secretion of inhibin (inhibit the production of follicle-stimulating hormone) When oocyte is released, is travels from _____ to _____ - Fallopian tubes to uterus Fertilization of an oocyte by sperm usually occurs in the - Fallopian tubes What are the functions of the three layers of the Fallopian tubes - Outer layerserous membrane that protects the tubes 2. Middle layer- smooth muscle that contracts to help the ovum through the tube and into the uterus 3. Innermost layer- secretory cells and cilia that move the ovum along and provide nutrition to the ovum Uterus is also known as - womb Uterus is responsible for - Providing a location for the embryo to grow and for producing contractions during labor What is the narrowest portion of the uterus? - cervix functions of vagina - 1. Passageway for elimination of menstrual fluids 2. Receives spermatozoa during sexual intercourse 3. Forms inferior portion of birth canal breasts are composed of - Adipose tissue and collagen What are breasts main function - Lactation Why are pediatric patients more prone to mediastinal organ injury? - Their mediastinum is more flexible A pulmonary contusion can causes ___________ (multiple) due to worsening hypoxia - bronchial obstruction, air trapping, or an increase in physiologic dead air space An unrestrained 5 year old was a front seat passenger involved in a minor MVC with airbag deployment. The patient is crying and complaining of chest pain, VItal signs are 104/50, P is 110 and RR is 20, most likely cause is? - Pulmonary contusion dysfunctional uterine bleeding - abnormal uterine bleeding - irregular or excessive Dysfunctional uterine bleeding occurs from - hormonal events responsible for the balance of the menstrual cycle are interrupted Vaginal bleeding with no pain is indicative of - Placenta previa 24 year old 8 week pregnant female with RLQ pain, periumbilical pain and fever what do you suspect? - Appendicitis Preeclampsia occurs after the _week of pregnancy - Occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy Preeclampsia s/s - Edema usually of the face ankles and hands; gradual onset of hypertension; and protein in the urine Preeclampsia BP - Defined as a NEW onset of BP 140/90. 32 week pregnant female complaining of facial swelling, headache, vomiting, and experiencing visual disturbances last 12hrs. You should suspect? - Preeclampsia eclampsia - Preeclampsia but with seizures Eclampsia can occur up to ______ but most cases are within _____ hours after delivery - 10 days postpartum, 24. Supine hypotension syndrome - The lowering of blood pressure while in a supine position; occurs as a result of pressure or the weight of the pregnant uterus on the inferior vena cava. APGAR SCORE - a scale of 1-10 to evaluate a newborn infant's physical status at 1 and 5 minutes after birth (0-1-2) A: (appearance) central cyanosis, peripheral cyanosis, pink. P: (Pulse) 0, >100, 100-140 G: (grimace) No response to stimulation, grimace or weak cry from stimulation, strong cry when stimulated A: (activity) floppy, some flexion, well flexed and resisting extension. R: (respiration) Apneic, slow or irregular breathing, strong cry. A new born is at risk for ________- due to - Hypothermia. Large surface area to volume ratio, poor insulation and limited ability to generate heat