EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
NU 545 ch 7 Study Guide with Complete Solutions
Cathelicidins - Answer✔✔-Family of antimicrobial peptides that in humans has one member.
Defensins - Answer✔✔-antimicrobial peptides that inhibit microbial growth
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) - Answer✔✔-soluble acute-phase protein in the blood that binds
to mannose residues on pathogen surfaces and, when bound, activates the complement system
by the lectin pathway
Resistin-like molecule beta - Answer✔✔-Found in intestinal goblet cells, where it appears to
protect against helminth infections.
Antimicrobial lectins - Answer✔✔-Lectin (carbohydrate binding protein) family with activity
against Gram+ bacteria; C-type lectins
Bactericidal/permeability-inducing protein (BPI) - Answer✔✔-Stored in neutrophils and
intestinal epithelium. Reacts with lipopolysaccharide on the surface of gram-negative bacteria,
resulting in bacterial lysis.
inflammatory response - Answer✔✔-nonspecific defense reaction to tissue damage caused by
injury or infection
acute inflammatory response - Answer✔✔-series of cellular changes that bring blood to the site
of an injury or infection.
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1)vasodilation
2)increased vascular permeability
3)diapedesis
Diapedesis - Answer✔✔-Passage of white blood cells through intact vessel walls into tissue
3 plasma protein systems - Answer✔✔-complement, clotting, kinin
proenzyme - Answer✔✔-an inactive precursor of an enzyme
complement system - Answer✔✔-A group of about 30 blood proteins that may amplify the
inflammatory response, enhance phagocytosis, or directly lyse extracellular pathogens.
3 pathways of complement system - Answer✔✔-classical, alternative, lectin
classical pathway - Answer✔✔-activated by antibodies bound to antigen, which interact with
complement system. Begins with activation of complement protein C1
lectin pathway - Answer✔✔-mannose-binding lectin binds to pathogen surface. It is antibody
independent.
Anaphylaxotoxins - Answer✔✔-they induce rapid mast cell de granulation and release of
histamine, causing vasodilation and increased capillary permeability. Occur early in
inflammation, close to the inflammatory site.
alternative pathway - Answer✔✔-activated by gram negative bacteria and fungal cell wall
polysaccharides
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complement cascade - Answer✔✔-a precise sequence of events, usually triggered by antigen-
antibody complexes, in which each component of the complement system is activated in turn
antigen-antibody complex - Answer✔✔-the complex formed when an antibody binds to an
antigen.
C3 convertase - Answer✔✔-the enzyme complex that catalyzes a crucial step in complement
activation—the deposition of large numbers of C3 molecules on a cell's surface, which tags the
cell for removal by phagocytes or starts the assembly of the membrane attach complex.
chemotactic factors - Answer✔✔-Biochemical substance that attracts leukocytes to the site of
inflammation. Required for a longer period and occurs distal to the inflammatory site.
Carboxypeptidase - Answer✔✔-Plasma enzymes that are inactive as anaphylatoxins but retain
chemotactic activity
Opsonins - Answer✔✔-Molecules that "tag" microorganisms for destruction by cells of the
inflammatory system (primarily neutrophils and macrophages)
The clotting system - Answer✔✔-Group of plasma proteins that when activated sequentially
form a blood clot at an injured or inflamed site.
fibrin - Answer✔✔-an insoluble protein formed from fibrinogen during the clotting of blood. It
forms a fibrous mesh that impedes the flow of blood.
tissue factor pathway - Answer✔✔-Activated by tissue factor that is released by damaged
endothelial cells in blood vessels and reacts with activated factor VII.
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NU 545 ch 7 Study Guide with Complete Solutions
Cathelicidins - Answer✔✔-Family of antimicrobial peptides that in humans has one member.
Defensins - Answer✔✔-antimicrobial peptides that inhibit microbial growth
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) - Answer✔✔-soluble acute-phase protein in the blood that binds
to mannose residues on pathogen surfaces and, when bound, activates the complement system
by the lectin pathway
Resistin-like molecule beta - Answer✔✔-Found in intestinal goblet cells, where it appears to
protect against helminth infections.
Antimicrobial lectins - Answer✔✔-Lectin (carbohydrate binding protein) family with activity
against Gram+ bacteria; C-type lectins
Bactericidal/permeability-inducing protein (BPI) - Answer✔✔-Stored in neutrophils and
intestinal epithelium. Reacts with lipopolysaccharide on the surface of gram-negative bacteria,
resulting in bacterial lysis.
inflammatory response - Answer✔✔-nonspecific defense reaction to tissue damage caused by
injury or infection
acute inflammatory response - Answer✔✔-series of cellular changes that bring blood to the site
of an injury or infection.
Page 1/16
,EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
1)vasodilation
2)increased vascular permeability
3)diapedesis
Diapedesis - Answer✔✔-Passage of white blood cells through intact vessel walls into tissue
3 plasma protein systems - Answer✔✔-complement, clotting, kinin
proenzyme - Answer✔✔-an inactive precursor of an enzyme
complement system - Answer✔✔-A group of about 30 blood proteins that may amplify the
inflammatory response, enhance phagocytosis, or directly lyse extracellular pathogens.
3 pathways of complement system - Answer✔✔-classical, alternative, lectin
classical pathway - Answer✔✔-activated by antibodies bound to antigen, which interact with
complement system. Begins with activation of complement protein C1
lectin pathway - Answer✔✔-mannose-binding lectin binds to pathogen surface. It is antibody
independent.
Anaphylaxotoxins - Answer✔✔-they induce rapid mast cell de granulation and release of
histamine, causing vasodilation and increased capillary permeability. Occur early in
inflammation, close to the inflammatory site.
alternative pathway - Answer✔✔-activated by gram negative bacteria and fungal cell wall
polysaccharides
Page 2/16
, EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
complement cascade - Answer✔✔-a precise sequence of events, usually triggered by antigen-
antibody complexes, in which each component of the complement system is activated in turn
antigen-antibody complex - Answer✔✔-the complex formed when an antibody binds to an
antigen.
C3 convertase - Answer✔✔-the enzyme complex that catalyzes a crucial step in complement
activation—the deposition of large numbers of C3 molecules on a cell's surface, which tags the
cell for removal by phagocytes or starts the assembly of the membrane attach complex.
chemotactic factors - Answer✔✔-Biochemical substance that attracts leukocytes to the site of
inflammation. Required for a longer period and occurs distal to the inflammatory site.
Carboxypeptidase - Answer✔✔-Plasma enzymes that are inactive as anaphylatoxins but retain
chemotactic activity
Opsonins - Answer✔✔-Molecules that "tag" microorganisms for destruction by cells of the
inflammatory system (primarily neutrophils and macrophages)
The clotting system - Answer✔✔-Group of plasma proteins that when activated sequentially
form a blood clot at an injured or inflamed site.
fibrin - Answer✔✔-an insoluble protein formed from fibrinogen during the clotting of blood. It
forms a fibrous mesh that impedes the flow of blood.
tissue factor pathway - Answer✔✔-Activated by tissue factor that is released by damaged
endothelial cells in blood vessels and reacts with activated factor VII.
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