©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
CBNS Exam Study Questions Study Guide.
Parietal Cells - answer✔Secrete Intrinsic Factor and HCL
Intrinsic Factor - answer✔Is a small protein that helps with the absorption of B12
Mucosal Cells - answer✔Secrete mucus with glycoproteins and bicarbonate
Gastric Acid - answer✔Aids in the destruction of microorganisms
Activates the conversion of Pepsinogen to Pepsin - answer✔Gastric Acid
Activates Intrinisic Factor - answer✔Gastric Acid
Gastrin - answer✔acts on parietal & chief cells to stimulate HCL and pepsinogen
Small Intestines - answer✔Contains the brush border on the luminal surface
Major anatomical site of food digestion & nutrient absorption - answer✔Small Intestines
Microvilli - answer✔Folds of the plasma membrane that increase the surface area of the cell to
increase absorption or secretion
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Enterocytes - answer✔cells that line the Small Intestine. What covers villi. These are the cells
that process foods and further digestion and absorption takes place. Each enterocytes has
microvilli -
Proximal upper section of small intestines - answer✔Chemical degradation of partially digested
food - absorption begins
Jejunum - answer✔major site of nutrient absorption
Ileum - answer✔absorption of b12 and bile salts; site of remaining protein and carbohydrate
absorption;secretes gastrin, secretin and CCK
Salivary and pancreatic amylase - answer✔converts polysaccharides starch and glycogen to
disaccharide maltose
Disaccharidases - answer✔enterocyte brush border contains sucrase-isomaltase, lactase, maltase-
glucoamylase;breakdown maltose and associated disaccharides
Glutamine - answer✔Provides energy for enterocytes
Precursor for Glutathione Synthesis - answer✔Glutamine
Passive (Simple) Diffusion - answer✔potential energy of nutrient concentration moves from
higher to lower concentration
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Facilitated (Carrier Mediated Transport) Diffusion - answer✔potential energy of nutrient
concentration moves from higher to lower concentration but is attached to a lipid soluble carrier
protein to help pass through the membrane
Carbohydrates are transported through the membrane via: - answer✔facilitated diffusion
Active Transport - answer✔Nutrient moves through mucosal membranes against the
concentration gradient with a carrier protein and energy provided by ATP
Bile - answer✔Stored in the gallbadder
Emulsifies fine lipid droplets - answer✔Bile Salts
Emulsification - answer✔Physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller
globules, thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes can use to digest the fat.
Pancreatic Zymogens - answer✔Trypsinogen, proelastase, chymotrypsinogen, procolipase,
procaboxypeptidase A&B
Enterokinase is secreted in the: - answer✔duodenum
What enzyme converts trypsinogen to trypsin - answer✔Enterokinase
What peptide hormone stimulates the secretion of pancreatic zymogens -
answer✔Cholecystokinin
Enterocyte Survival is - answer✔~72 hours
12/3/2024 11:27AM
CBNS Exam Study Questions Study Guide.
Parietal Cells - answer✔Secrete Intrinsic Factor and HCL
Intrinsic Factor - answer✔Is a small protein that helps with the absorption of B12
Mucosal Cells - answer✔Secrete mucus with glycoproteins and bicarbonate
Gastric Acid - answer✔Aids in the destruction of microorganisms
Activates the conversion of Pepsinogen to Pepsin - answer✔Gastric Acid
Activates Intrinisic Factor - answer✔Gastric Acid
Gastrin - answer✔acts on parietal & chief cells to stimulate HCL and pepsinogen
Small Intestines - answer✔Contains the brush border on the luminal surface
Major anatomical site of food digestion & nutrient absorption - answer✔Small Intestines
Microvilli - answer✔Folds of the plasma membrane that increase the surface area of the cell to
increase absorption or secretion
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Enterocytes - answer✔cells that line the Small Intestine. What covers villi. These are the cells
that process foods and further digestion and absorption takes place. Each enterocytes has
microvilli -
Proximal upper section of small intestines - answer✔Chemical degradation of partially digested
food - absorption begins
Jejunum - answer✔major site of nutrient absorption
Ileum - answer✔absorption of b12 and bile salts; site of remaining protein and carbohydrate
absorption;secretes gastrin, secretin and CCK
Salivary and pancreatic amylase - answer✔converts polysaccharides starch and glycogen to
disaccharide maltose
Disaccharidases - answer✔enterocyte brush border contains sucrase-isomaltase, lactase, maltase-
glucoamylase;breakdown maltose and associated disaccharides
Glutamine - answer✔Provides energy for enterocytes
Precursor for Glutathione Synthesis - answer✔Glutamine
Passive (Simple) Diffusion - answer✔potential energy of nutrient concentration moves from
higher to lower concentration
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Facilitated (Carrier Mediated Transport) Diffusion - answer✔potential energy of nutrient
concentration moves from higher to lower concentration but is attached to a lipid soluble carrier
protein to help pass through the membrane
Carbohydrates are transported through the membrane via: - answer✔facilitated diffusion
Active Transport - answer✔Nutrient moves through mucosal membranes against the
concentration gradient with a carrier protein and energy provided by ATP
Bile - answer✔Stored in the gallbadder
Emulsifies fine lipid droplets - answer✔Bile Salts
Emulsification - answer✔Physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller
globules, thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes can use to digest the fat.
Pancreatic Zymogens - answer✔Trypsinogen, proelastase, chymotrypsinogen, procolipase,
procaboxypeptidase A&B
Enterokinase is secreted in the: - answer✔duodenum
What enzyme converts trypsinogen to trypsin - answer✔Enterokinase
What peptide hormone stimulates the secretion of pancreatic zymogens -
answer✔Cholecystokinin
Enterocyte Survival is - answer✔~72 hours
