CMN 548 Module 2 SG Exam Study Guide

CMN 548 Module 2 SG Exam Study Guide Fasting glucose - Answer-Glucose level after 8 hours of fasting. Specificity - Answer-Identifies patients without the disease; 100% specificity means no false positives. Sensitivity - Answer-Identifies patients with the disease; 100% sensitivity means no false negatives. Incidence - Answer-Number of new cases of a disease during a specific time period in a specific population. Prevalence - Answer-Number of existing cases of a disease in a specific time in a given population. Correlation - Answer-Statistical relationship between two variables (not causation). Alcohol detection in urine - Answer-7-12 hours. Marijuana detection in urine - Answer-2-7 days. Benzodiazepines detection in urine - Answer-3 days. Amphetamine detection in urine - Answer-48-72 hours. EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024 Page 2/18 Likely causes of decrease in BUN 5 - Answer-Liver failure, acromegaly, malnutrition, impaired absorption, nephrotic syndrome, SIADH. Symptoms of elevated BUN-5 - Answer-Lethargy, confusion, delirium, convulsions, uremia. Basophils function - Answer-Phagocytic; used to identify chronic inflammation and high blood histamine concentrations. Identify what might create a false positive blood sugar value above 140. - Answer- uncalibrated device, recent exercise, heavy smoking, dawn phenomenon (4a-8a), steroids, pregnancy, surgical procedures, high-stress pg 338 Medications causing hypercalcemia 4 - Answer-pg. 924:Excessive Vitamin D, milk, antacids, laxative abuse, Chromosomal abnormality in Down Syndrome - Answer-Extra chromosome 21. False elevation of folate - Answer-VitB12 deficiency because B12 is needed to allow incorporation of folate into tissue cells. 50% pts with megaloblastic anemia have B12 deficiency rather than folate Folate storage in the body - Answer-Liver. Factors interfering with GTT results 8 conditions 9 meds - Answer-infectious disease EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024 Page 3/18 recent MI surgery L/D smoking birth control prolonged bed rest low carb diets MEDS: DM meds thiazide steroid estrogen heparin nicotinic acid, phenothiazines, lithium metyrapone Conditions causing elevated hemoglobin (HbA2) 6 - Answer-Thalassemia sickle cell disease, megaloblastic anemia, hyperthyroidism VB12 / folate deficiency EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024 Page 4/18 Psychiatric symptoms of hypothyroidism - Answer-depression and psychosis Educating patients on 'normal' lab results + factors effecting labs (3) - Answer-Normal values fall within 2 standard deviations of the mean for the normal population Where 95% of people would fall. Fasting more accurate. Lab dependent. Posture can affect values. Populations at high risk for latex allergy - Answer-Increased exposure to latex, latex-food syndrome, frequent surgeries, congenital conditions. Baseline labs before lithium treatment 6 - Answer-BMP, TSH, CBC, Ca++, pregnancy test; ECG if 40 and known cardiac risk. MRI methodologies - Answer-Structural: morphology of the brain; Functional: brain function changes in hemodynamics/oxygenation. EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024 Page 5/18 Medical conditions associated with hypomagnesemia 13 - Answer-All Hungry, Crazy, Pregnant Cats Seem Hyper by Moaning, Panting, Voice Alteration, Acting Dead AUD, hyperalimentation , pregnancy, CKD, High Ca, SIADH, low PTH, Malnutrition, pancreatitis, hypoVolemia, hyperaldonesteronism, DKA, dialysis Disease states producing high phosphate levels 12 - Answer-Vickey Lives to Throw Locust Milk Candy, Meanwhile it Burns Her Bones Adding it to Acro hypoparathyroidism, kidney disfunction, milk-alkali syndrome (Burnett syndrome, metabolic acidosis), excess Vit D, fractures in the healing stage, bone tumor and metastases, Addison disease, acromegaly, cirrhosis, cardiac resuscitation Clinical disorders with low potassium levels 15 - Answer-Would Resting Eddy Come For Meeting Ozzy And Dehydrate All Tubs of Stew Wounds (draining), Respiratory Alkalosis, Eating disorders, CF, Megaloblastic anemia (low B12/ folate), Osmotic hyperglycemia, Antibiotics, Dehydration, AUD, Renal tubular alkalosis, Steroids Electrolyte serving as a buffer within the cell - Answer-Phosphate.